软土参数反分析方法及其在沉降预测中的应用

沉降预测与控制是当前客运专线设计、施工组织的关键技术,为保证沉降预测的准确程度,必须合理选取计算参数。采用黏弹塑(西原)模型模拟土骨架,并结合软土变形的大位移、大应变及渗透固结的特点,建立模拟施工过程的软土路基双重非线性固结分析有限元模型。以实测信息与计算信息的相对残差平方和最小为目标,引入考虑测点观测精度的加权值,建立根据多种测试信息进行参数反分析的目标函数,并采用Monte-Carlo法和可变容差法相结合的优化技术,对目标函数进行约束优化,较好地解决了可变容差法易于陷入局部最优解的难题。通过参数分组、初步试算、综合调整等步骤,建立了分阶段多层次动态施工反分析方法,从而使反分析所得计算参数具有明确的物理意义。实际工程应用表明,参数反分析方法本构关系清楚、物理意义明确,所得计算参数能较好地反映现场的实际情况,可准确预测沉降。     

大面积真空预压加固法处理软土地基技术研究

真空预压是软土地基加固处理的一种方法,结合京沪高速铁路上海虹桥枢纽工程的深厚软土地基加固处理与沉降控制资料,介绍采用真空预压加固的虹桥动车运用所软基的一个试验段施打排水板引起的沉降、地基表面沉降以及孔隙水压力的现场观测和试验,并对观测结果进行了分析。最后,结合现场测试数据,采用数值计算方法对地基加固措施的受力特性和沉降变形规律进行分析,得到的沉降量与实测沉降推算结果较接近。     

TRIP DISTRIBUTION MODELLING USING FUZZY LOGIC AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM

This article examines possibilities for the application of soft computing techniques for the prediction of travel demand. The model, based on fuzzy logic and a genetic algorithm, successfully solves the trip distribution problem. The possibilities of using the proposed model in solving trip generation, modal split and route choice problems have also been indicated. The model has been tested on a real numerical example. Exceptionally good correspondences between estimated and real values of passenger flows have been obtained.     

伏龙坪双层隧道三维有限元分析

为了缓解兰州市区伏龙坪地段交通流量大,南北方向道路路面过于狭窄,且修建大断面隧道较为困难,故初步设计为双层双车道隧道。为更好地配合南山伏龙坪双层隧道的施工,也为了验证该施工方案的合理性和可行性,将在空间上对其进行讨论研究。其采用弹塑性有限元法,利用大型的仿真模拟软件(ANSYS中的土木模块)分析了在侧壁导坑的施工方法下伏龙坪双层双车道公路隧道各个施工阶段的围岩和衬砌在空间的受力、变形状态,考虑材料的非线性特征,采用DP屈服准则,并对此方案的应力云图、开挖过程的应力曲线和位移曲线加以研究和分析讨论,为双层隧道以后的施工做出了正确的理论指导。     

综合处理软土方法在特殊路基设计中的应用

综合处理软土方法在特殊路基设计中是一项实用型技术,文章结合广佛新干线路段的特殊路基设计,通过各种软土处理方法比较,提出不同地基处理方法,该技术在广西软土广布的沿海地区有一定的现实意义,可供公路及其他行业设计参考。     

雪峰山公路隧道围岩类别动态变化分析及治理措施

高速公路隧道施工过程中,无论是采用弹性波波速还是隶属函数法进行分类,围岩均可归为Ⅳ、Ⅴ类。然而,由于施工方法不当、支护强度不足或支护不及时等原因,会造成围岩类别的降低。文章分析了这种围岩类别动态变化的成因,提出了识别围岩类别变化处的地质体特征及治理措施。此技术运用于高速公路雪峰山隧道施工中,有效地预防了这类围岩类别变化的灾害发生,有益于隧道的安全施工。     

真空-堆载联合预压加固高速公路软基效果分析

介绍真空－堆载联合预压方法加固软基的机理，并结合工程实例对其加固效果进行比较分析，证实该方法是一种值得推广的新一代高速公路软基加固方法。     

Analysis on Ground Surface Deformation and Influence of Construction Parameters Caused by Two Different Shield Machines in Double-tube Tunnelling北大核心CSCD

Based on a shield-driven running tunnel project of Hangzhou Metro Line 2, this paper carries out field measuring of the ground surface deformation caused by two different shield machines in double-tube tunnelling in soft soil areas, obtains the laws of the surface deformation caused by shield-driven double-tube tunnelling and verifies the applicability of the modified Peck formula to double-tube tunnelling. The results show that in soft soil areas the impacts on ground surface deformation caused by different shield construction parameters in the previously and subsequently excavated tunnels are different, while the surface deformation changes sharply before and after the shield machine passing through the cutting face, and a rebound phenomenon occurs when the shield tail passes through the cutting face due to the influence of the grouting; The cutterhead torque of the shield machine in soft soil areas can be composed of five calculation factors, and the calculation results are in good agreement with the measured values. The larger the opening rate of the shield cutterhead is, the larger the average torque value will be, the higher the percentage of large ground loss rate will be, and the larger the maximum ground surface settlement will be; The ratio of cutterhead torque T to mucking volume per ring Q is used as the control parameter for analyzing the ground surface settlement, and a certain positive correlation between the ratio and the surface settlement value is determined, the smaller the cutterhead opening rate is, the more accurate the fitting results will be. © 2022, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

辽宁高速公路软土分布特点及主要处理方法

总结了辽宁地区软土工程地质特征及主要分布区域,介绍了辽宁地区软土的主要处理方法.     

软土地基处理在五洲大道工程建设中的应用和研究

浦东地区普遍分布有灰色淤泥质粉质黏土和灰色淤泥质黏土等软弱层,造成"桥头跳车"现象等道路通病.结合浦东新区五洲大道工程的建设实践,对软土地基处理方法开展系统研究,并将理论计算和现场实测数据进行对比分析,总结经验,提出适合浦东地区软土地基处理措施的建议.