路基压实机械的选择

根据不同土质的工程特点,路基工程中常用的压实机械的作用原理提出了选择压实机械的原则和方法,及施工中应注意的问题。     

公路建设项目水土保持监测技术探讨

文章针对公路建设项目的水土流失特点,从监测时段、范围、内容、测点布置、工作流程及方法、制度、实施保障等方面入手,对公路水土保持监测技术进行了详细介绍。     

A line impedance stabilization network for pulse current injection北大核心CSCD

［Objective］Aiming at the deficiency of the existing line impedance stability network (LISN) in the electromagnetic pulse protection capability, a LISN suitable for the pulse current injection (PCI) test of electrical and electronic equipment is proposed. ［Methods］Aiming at the characteristics of high peak value and fast rise of the pulse current in PCI testing, the circuit structure and physical structure of the LISN are improved on the existing basis through PSpice time-domain and frequency-domain simulation combined with engineering design requirements, thereby giving it good nanosecond pulse protection performance and impedance stability at the same time. Pulse current protection performance test and impedance curve test experiments are then designed and carried out.［Results］The experimental results show that the improved LISN can attenuate the injected pulse current by 60 times, while the error of its impedance curve is less than 5% compared with the Type 5 µH LISN in GJB 151B-2013. ［Conclusions］The proposed LISN has good impedance stability and decoupling ability, and can be used in the PCI testing of electrical and electronic equipment in order to protect the power supply and improve the repeatability of testing. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

Support condition monitoring of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines in layered soil based on model updating

Monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are dynamically sensitive structures whose fundamental frequencies may be close to those of environmental and turbine-related excitations. The changes in fundamental frequencies caused by pile-soil interaction (PSI) may result in unwanted resonance and serious O&M (Operation and Maintenance) issues, which have been identified as major challenges in the research field. Therefore, a novel model updating framework with an implicit objective function is proposed to monitor both the stiffness and damping variation of the OWT system based on the measured vibration characteristics, which is further verified by laboratory tests. In particular, layered soil was considered in the tests to simulate the practical soil conditions of Chinese seas. Different pile lengths were introduced to consider the long-term PSI effects for rigid piles and slender piles. The results showed that the variation in the fundamental frequency is significantly reduced in layered soil compared with the pure sand scenario. For the OWT systems in layered soil, the variation in foundation stiffness is negatively related to the burial depth under cyclic loading. The proposed model updating framework is proven reliable for support condition monitoring of OWT systems in complicated soil conditions.     

土壤固化剂及其工程性能研究进展

土壤固化剂能够改善土体的抗剪强度、渗透性和水稳定性等工程特性，是传统土壤固化材料水泥、石灰的新扩展，已广泛应用于软土地基加固工程。通过总结土壤固化剂的类型、材料组分、固化机理和固化特性等方面的国内外最新研究进展，提出了土壤固化剂研究方向和拟解决的关键技术问题，为土壤固化新材料的研发和工程应用提供新思路。     

Validation of earthquake analysis methodology of a suction-caisson foundation-structure through model testing

Suction caissons are one of the most widely used foundation solutions for subsea structures and wind farms. Seismic response of subsea structures is however seldom documented properly, often just treated as a foundation capacity issue applying a quasi-static acceleration and not considering the inertial interaction between the structure and the soil. The more relevant tasks to document are the motions of the unit and the response of the externally connected flowlines and equipment/systems on the unit.Based on a case study located in the Shah Deniz field in the Caspian Sea, model centrifuge tests and numerical modelling were carried out to validate the global response of a 4-caisson supported manifold structure subject to seismic motions in soft clay. The centrifuge tests were carried out at 58 g at the centre for geotechnical modelling at UC Davis. To simulate the soil-structure interaction, a series of non-linear springs defined by kinematic hardening models were used in analyses with the ABAQUS software. This development includes the algorithms for determining the required model parameters. A very good agreement between recorded response from the centrifuge test and calculated response from the FE-analyses was achieved.The development and validation of the soil model presented in this paper is an improvement in design methodology for caisson foundations subjected to earthquake loading. The non-linear soil springs are well suited to incorporate in more detailed structural analyses where an accurate representation of the foundation response is required. The paper also briefly describes how the subsequent earthquake design analyses were performed for the Shah Deniz manifold structures making use of the validated soil spring model and the added value it gave to the project.     

基于变形稳定时间统计的挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时机研究

为获取挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时间，使二次衬砌施作可操作性更强，以变形速率限值为基础，对412个挤压性围岩隧道断面变形量测数据进行拟合和统计分析，得出不同变形等级的变形稳定时间范围值和施工期分阶段二次衬砌施作时机预测方法。具体结论为： 1)提出了基于变形速率判据的变形稳定时间预测方法，通过最优指数函数曲线拟合，实现稳定阶段变形量u稳和最终稳定时间t′稳的预测； 2)通过统计分析，确定了不同变形等级、不同跨度条件下变形稳定时间t′稳范围值，用于设计阶段初步拟定二次衬砌施作时机； 3)提出了施工期二次衬砌施作时机分阶段预测方法，根据实测20、30、40 d和稳定时的相对变形，可实现分阶段预测最终变形稳定时间； 4)经实测变形数据检验，采用二次衬砌施作时机分阶段预测方法所得预测结果可被工程所接受； 5)以分阶段变形稳定时间t′稳为判别指标的挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时机预测方法，可操作性强，能避免以变形速率为判别指标时的操作困扰，可直接服务于工程实践。