基于灵敏度分析的收费公路费率与流量的关系研究

在分析一个OD对中不同道路之间的交通流量均衡分配的基础上,采用灵敏度分析方法,对其中收费公路费率因素对于交通流量分配变化的影响进行了研究.并用实际算例来说明灵敏度分析方法在并行道路交通分配中的应用,即得出不同并行道路竞争条件下,收费公路费率与其交通流量之间的相互关系.     

甲板工抛撇缆技能竞赛方案的设计与实践

为了加强航海类专业学生和船员实际操船能力的培养,根据STCW马尼拉公约修正案履约准备工作有关事项的通知和我国海船船员适任考试及发证规则中增加的高级值班水手适任培训有关规定,设计了抛撇缆技能竞赛的方案,同时介绍了其操作方法及注意事项,对航海院校学生和在职船员在甲板工作技能方面的提高能起到积极的作用。     

基于合作竞争模型的高速铁路与既有铁路关系分析

高速铁路运输与既有铁路运输的技术经济特征(运输方式划分的主要标准)存在着极大的差别,因而在铁路系统内部可以被看做是两种运输方式。然而我国对高速铁路的功能定位以及两者对运输设备共用和组织方式的相似性又决定了两者之间极为复杂的合作与竞争并存的关系。本文通过引入种群之间的复合型合作竞争模型,以定性和定量相结合的方式分析了高速铁路运输系统和既有铁路运输系统的相互作用机理,并结合模型定量分析的结果,对两者在不同发展阶段的分工与协调提出了意见和建议。     

一座变截面连续箱梁桥简支端剪应力偏载系数分析

箱形截面近年来得到广泛应用,但建成后通过一定时间的运营,发现箱梁腹板普遍开裂,国内外进行了大量的研究与分析。通过对一座预应力混凝土变截面连续箱梁桥实例,通过空间有限元分析计算,发现简支端的最大剪应力与边跨跨中的正应力偏载系数远比经验值大,可为类似工程提供参考。     

温度梯度模式对一座变截面连续箱梁桥主应力的影响分析

箱形截面整体性好,结构刚度大,能承受正负弯矩,且抗扭能力强,是一种经济合理的截面形式,近年来得到广泛应用,但建成后通过一定时间的运营,发现箱梁简支端附近腹板开裂较严重,结合一座预应力混凝土变截面连续箱梁桥实例,采用空间有限元分析仿真计算,结果表明温度梯度模式对箱梁腹板的主拉应力影响较大。     

论客户关系管理,塑造企业核心竞争力

客户永远是企业最重要的资源。随着经济全球化的发展、市场竞争的加剧,客户争夺日趋白热化,谁能赢得客户,谁就能赢得竞争!该文指出:在全球贸易体系中,为赢得更大的市场份额和更广阔的市场前景,开发客户资源和保持相对稳定的客户队伍已成为企业生存和发展的关键,经营策略的核心。     

浅析加快人才培养对中国监理行业发展的重要性

通过对WTO基本原则的分析,结合我国监理行业的现状,针对入世后我国监理市场可能面临的问题及新形势下对人才提出的更高要求进行初步探讨,提出要使企业全体人员真正实现团队作战的优势,在市场竞争中做出最快速的反应,加快人才培养是监理行业发展的当务之急.     

The evaluation of the spatial integration of station areas via the node place model; an application to subway station areas in Tehran

Urban planners usually consider the transportation system and land use systems in different ways. The node place model is an analytical tool that explores the interaction between the transportation and land use systems in station areas in an urban region. The essential issue with the node place model is spatial. To address this issue, spatial indices are added to the model. Another purpose of this paper is to provide a procedure to identify the most effective transportation and land use dynamics in station areas. In this respect, canonical correlation analysis was conducted on data concerning Tehran’s subway stations. The resulting spatial indices have a fairly logical relationship with other transportation and land use indices, and it is useful to incorporate these indices in the node place model. The case studies demonstrated that a well-integrated, continuous and dense spatial configuration of the street network in station areas is associated with an increase in the variety and intensity of activities, an increase in the workforce and better accessibility for the station by attracting greater pedestrian movement. Additionally, these case studies indicated that to sustain a station area, the streets that exist in a station area and the streets that are connected to a station should be connected to the streets that locally benefit from well-integrated areas within fewer steps.     

A framework to analyze the vulnerability of European road networks due to Sea-Level Rise (SLR) and sea storm surges

This study proposes a framework to explore the concepts of exposure, vulnerability and connectivity in EU road network and to assess the potential transportation infrastructure sensitivities towards Sea-Level Rise (SLR) and storm surges. The magnitude and significance of impacts were determined and knowledge of network robustness was built up based on existing climate data and on future trends. Various spatial databases were integrated and a four-stage transport model was used to explore the likely impacts of network degradation. The pattern of the network was assessed via both node- and link-based measurements, where different road databases, namely TRANS-TOOLS and Tele Atlas/TomTom, were employed in order to analyze the impact of spatial resolution within network connectivity analyses. This general framework developed for European Union, was tested on a specific and articulated case study area; namely, the north-east coastal region of Spain. The research conducted, yielded useful methods for the analysis of network vulnerability, where impacts are more significant in regional accessibility patterns. Accessibility indicators at the regional level changed drastically, with some regions showing up to a 26% decrease. According to the results of network connectivity indicators, the changes in network topology have reduced the number of alternative routes and placed more pressure on the transport system. The implementation of this framework and quantitative assessment methodologies outlined in this paper could be employed to assist policy makers to recognize the opportunities that may arise or diminish the adverse effects.     

Marginal cost congestion pricing based on the network fundamental diagram

Congestion pricing schemes have been traditionally derived based on analytical representations of travel demand and traffic flows, such as in bottleneck models. A major limitation of these models, especially when applied to urban networks, is the inconsistency with traffic dynamics and related phenomena such as hysteresis and the capacity drop. In this study we propose a new method to derive time-varying tolling schemes using the concept of the Network Fundamental Diagram (NFD). The adopted method is based on marginal cost pricing, while it also enables to account realistically for the dynamics of large and heterogeneous traffic networks. We derive two alternative cordon tolls using network-aggregated traffic flow conditions: a step toll that neglects the spatial distribution of traffic by simply associating the marginal costs of any decrease in production within the NFD to the surplus of traffic; and a step toll that explicitly accounts for how network performance is also influenced by the spatial variance in a 3D-NFD. This pricing framework is implemented in the agent-based simulation model MATSim and applied to a case study of the city of Zurich. The tolling schemes are compared with a uniform toll, and they highlight how the inhomogeneous distribution of traffic may compromise the effectiveness of cordon tolls.