初始条件对驾驶员逐日路径选择行为和网络交通流演化的影响

从查阅到的文献可以看到,在驾驶员逐日路径选择行为及网络交通流演化的研究中,均假定驾驶员第1天对路径的理解行程时间相同,也即初始条件中没有考虑驾驶员的个体差异性。首先,对初始条件和驾驶员逐日路径选择过程建模,在2条平行路径的简单路网中,运用Agent仿真方法模拟了不同初始条件下驾驶员逐日路径选择过程。结果表明：路网达到平衡所需的时间与驾驶员对历史信息的依赖程度显著相关,而与第1天驾驶员对路径行程时间理解的相关差异性不显著;路网平衡和用户平衡的差别与两者均显著相关。虽然在不同情况下路网均能够达到近似的用户平衡状态,但是平衡时驾驶员对2条路径的理解行程时间存在较大差异。     

从机会成本的角度谈稳定层摊铺机械的选型

从经济学观点出发 ,利用机会成本原理 ,结合本公司承建的电湛高速公路路面工程特点 ,对该路面工程所应用的基层摊铺机的选型方案进行分析     

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提出了通过具体的效用度量对出行者路径选择行为进行分析的方法。从传统的期望效用理论和前景理论两个方面，对一份关于出行者路径选择的调查数据进行了分析；验证了出行者群体在不确定环境下进行路径选择时，效用度量是基本决策规则，并且其效用度量体系与前景理论针对一般经济主体的效用度量体系接近。最后借助图形说明了合理设定出行者风险态度水平的重要性。     

基于多层次灰关联分析的船型方案优选法研究

如何从多种船型方案中正确选择出一种最佳方案,一直是船舶设计人员需要去研究和解决的一个重要课题.文中根据船舶技术指标体系的层次结构特点,将灰色系统理论应用到船型方案的决策上来,提出了一种多目标、多层次的船型方案灰色优选理论模型,以低层次的输出作为高层次的输入,对每一层次的单元系统进行优选计算,最后利用总的关联度进行排序,对船型方案进行优选.实例应用结果证明该方法使用简便,切实可行.     

基于逆变回馈的地铁再生制动能量吸收的研究

城市轨道交通车辆再生制动能量吸收是城市轨道交通系统的重要组成部分.分析了逆变回馈型再生制动能量吸收装置的构成、工作原理.建立了该装置的主电路及控制电路仿真模型,并对列车再生制动回馈的动态全过程进行了模拟试验.试验结果表明:该装置满足地铁列车再生制动能量的吸收利用以及稳定牵引网电压的要求,可解决实际工程问题.     

The influence of bus service satisfaction on university students' mode choice

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between bus service satisfaction and the transport mode of choice among university students in Qatar. The degree of bus service satisfaction was collected directly from questionnaire surveys, in which university students were asked questions in relation to their satisfaction with the bus service they used and their transport mode of choice. These questions were categorized into three factors according to confirmatory factor analysis: service at bus stops, service of busses, and service of drivers. Furthermore, the students were asked which mode of transport they used given the choice between public and private transport. This study presents a structural equation model to determine how much bus service satisfaction affects people's decisions about their transport mode. The results from the analysis showed that three key factors—namely, service at bus stops, service of busses, and service of bus drivers—were strongly correlated to the mode of choice. In particular, the bus stop was strongly associated with ease of use, shade, cleanliness, safety, and crowdedness level, while the bus itself influenced reliability, travel time, and frequency. Complying with traffic laws and the driver's attitude were also important contributors to the level of bus service satisfaction. Ultimately, this study will be beneficial for policy/decision‐makers. It will allow them to determine what needs to be accomplished to encourage people to use public transportation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Extending stated choice analysis to recognise agent-specific attribute endogeneity in bilateral group negotiation and choice: a think piece

This paper is a think piece on variations in the structure of stated preference studies when modelling the joint preferences of interacting agents who have the power to influence the attribute levels on offer. The approach proposed is an extension of standard stated choice methods, known as ‘stated endogenous attribute level’ (SEAL) analysis. It allows for interactive agents to adjust attribute levels off a base stated choice specification that are within their control, in an effort to reach agreement in an experimental setting. This accomplishes three goals: (1) the ability to place respondents in an environment that more closely matches interactive settings in which some attribute levels are endogenous to a specific agent, should the modeller wish to capture such behaviour; (2) the improved ability of the modeller to capture the behaviour in such settings, including a greater wealth of information on the related interaction processes, rather than simply outcomes; and (3) the expansion of the set of situations that the modeller can investigate using experimental data.

港口起重设备电气系统低压断路器的选择浅析

低压断路器在电气系统中是应用最广泛的电气元件之一。选择合适的断路器能保障系统的安全及稳定运行。介绍了断路器选择的主要参数。分析了断路器的常见故障及短路电流的计算。最后介绍了断路器的选择方法,可作借鉴。     

基于方式选择的拥堵收费及返还优化模型

通过应用累积前景理论分析用户出行行为,建立拥堵收费及其返还的优化模 型,得到了不同需求分布均值下的最优收费和最优票价折扣费率,用算例验证了模型的 有效性,并对比了无补贴无收费、有收费无补贴、有补贴无收费及有补贴有收费4 种情况 的系统总成本,以及有补贴有收费情况下相对于无补贴无收费情况,政府和用户节省的 总成本费用.结果表明,模型与实际现象是吻合的,实施拥堵收费和补贴政策可以有效减 少系统总成本,节省政府财政支出和公交车用户的费用成本,而且恰当的设置拥堵收费 和票价折扣费率将有效引导人们更多的选择公共交通出行.     

基于决策场理论的出行者动态决策行为研究

为了研究出行者进行路径选择时的动态决策过程,本文采用决策场理论,研究 了多属性条件下,机动车出行者的微观和宏观动态决策行为.分析了决策场理论的基本模 型,构建了出行者动态决策行为场景和框架,以历史出行时间、预测出行时间和两者综合 值作为出行者决策的路径属性,并根据属性与实际出行时间的差值为依据,提出了出行 者注意力权重矩阵计算方法.通过算例分析发现,自由流出行时间对出行者决策影响较 大,出行者对路径属性的依赖性非常强,决策过程中存在路径偏好反转的现象,表明出行 者动态决策过程是随时间不断变化的,路径选择是时间累计的结果.