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121.
《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(5):429-449
The performance of a railway turnout (switch and crossing) is influenced by a large number of input parameters of the complex train–turnout system. To reach a robust design that performs well for different traffic situations, random distributions (scatter) of these inputs need to be accounted for in the design process. Stochastic analysis methods are integrated with a simulation model of the dynamic interaction between train and turnout. For a given nominal layout of the turnout, using design of experiments methodology and a two-level fractional factorial screening design, four parameters (axle load, wheel–rail friction coefficient, and wheel and rail profiles) are identified to be the most significant. These parameters are further investigated using a three-level full factorial design and stochastic analysis. The random distributions of transverse wheel profile and set of transverse rail profiles along the switch panel are accounted for by the Karhunen–Loève expansion technique. The influence of the random distributions of the input parameters on the statistical outputs of wheel–rail contact forces, wear and rolling contact fatigue is assessed using Latin hypercube sampling to generate a number of stochastic load realizations. 相似文献
122.
The object is to identify characteristics of feasible systems for UK – and European – Air Traffic Management (ATM) in the coming decades. ATM here covers Air Traffic Control (ATC) provision plus wider issues, such as airspace design. The analytical focus is on the financial decision-making processes and constraints that will act to shape this future system. R&D work into control workload and planning based on an "ATM core concept" are proposed as likely to offer the best way forward. 相似文献
123.
用多用户类型随机用户平衡描述实际路网中出行者的路径选择行为。根据出行者对路网状况认识的不同程度,将出行者划分为具有相同特性的多个类型。将多用户类型随机用户平衡问题表示为一个无约束极小化问题,并提出了该问题的一种基于路段水平的灵敏度分析方法。建立了多用户类型随机用户平衡条件下的连续网络设计问题的双层规划模型,并给出了基于灵敏度分析的启发式算法。实例的结果表明模型具有一般性和适应性。 相似文献
124.
讨论在关系数据库中压缩存放树形数据结构的方法;数据一致性的保证;分析存储、检索算法的时空复杂度。 相似文献
125.
Novel Local Search Method for the Traveling Salesman Problem 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new local search method for the traveling salesman problem based on an original greedy representation of solution space and neighborhood structure is proposed. First, a partial closed route that only consists of three cities is given; then other cities are added to this route by a greedy procedure successively. Implemented on a personal computer, this algorithm finds optimal solutions for 24 out of 27 standard benchmarks, and outperforms the Full Subpath Ejection Algorithm (F-SEC) proposed by Rego in 1998. 相似文献
126.
127.
试论发达国家海上救助水平的几个要素及对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文中通过分析发达国家海上搜救的四要素及我国的各要素现状,结合作者的搜救实践,指出我国海上搜救的不足之处,并提出相关对策。 相似文献
128.
A new facility location model and a solution algorithm are proposed that feature (1) itinerary-interception instead of flow-interception; (2) stochastic demand as dynamic service requests; and (3) queueing delay. These features are essential to analyze battery-powered electric shared-ride taxis operating in a connected, centralized dispatch manner. The model and solution method are based on a bi-level, simulation–optimization framework that combines an upper level multiple-server allocation model with queueing delay and a lower level dispatch simulation based on earlier work by Jung and Jayakrishnan. The solution algorithm is tested on a fleet of 600 shared-taxis in Seoul, Korea, spanning 603 km2, a budget of 100 charging stations, and up to 22 candidate charging locations, against a benchmark “naïve” genetic algorithm that does not consider cyclic interactions between the taxi charging demand and the charger allocations with queue delay. Results show not only that the proposed model is capable of locating charging stations with stochastic dynamic itinerary-interception and queue delay, but that the bi-level solution method improves upon the benchmark algorithm in terms of realized queue delay, total time of operation of taxi service, and service request rejections. Furthermore, we show how much additional benefit in level of service is possible in the upper-bound scenario when the number of charging stations is unbounded. 相似文献
129.
The bus industry is characterized by demanding jobs and high turnover rates. In this study we gather essential insights that can help companies and industry-level policy makers increase the attractiveness of the profession and design effective retention policies. We compare the factors that induce Belgian drivers to leave their current organization with those inducing them to leave the industry. Key factors increasing the likelihood to consider quitting the company are a negative work-life balance, a lack of social support and a temporary contract. Dominant factors to consider quitting the bus driver profession are a lack of fulfillment, a demanding job environment and a negative work-life balance. 相似文献
130.
Aircraft boarding is a process mainly impacted by the boarding sequence, individual passenger behavior and the amount of hand luggage. Whereas these aspects are widely addressed in scientific research and considered in operational improvements, the influence of infrastructural changes is only focused upon in the context of future aircraft design. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the innovative approach of a Side-Slip Seat, which allows passengers to pass each other during boarding. The seat holds the potential to reduce the boarding time by approx. 20%, even considering operational constraints, such as passenger conformance to the proposed boarding strategy. A validated stochastic boarding model is extended to analyze the impact of the Side-Slip Seat. The implementation of such fundamental change inside the aircraft cabin demands for adapted boarding strategies, in order to cover all the benefits that accompany this new dynamic seating approach. To reasonably identify efficient strategies, an evolutionary algorithm is used to systematically optimize boarding sequences. As a result, the evolutionary algorithm depicts that operationally relevant boarding strategies implementing the Side-Slip Seat should differentiate between the left and the right side of the aisle, instead of the current operationally preferred boarding from the back to the front. 相似文献