锥-环-柱结合壳的应力和稳定性

本文用解析法计算了受中面均布法向载荷作用的锥-环-柱结合壳中的应力值，并根据Trefftz准则计算了其失稳临界压力。计算结果说明，在总体几何尺寸与壳厚相同的情况下，锥-环-柱结合壳与锥-柱结合亮相比，过渡区的局部应力值显著减小，失稳临界压力提高。     

水泥生产作业场所呼吸粉尘管理浓度研究

依据我国现行粉尘最高容许浓度,采用回归法、总粉尘与呼吸粉尘比例系数法研究了作业场所呼吸粉尘管理浓度.结果显示,游离SiO_2≤10%的水泥与煤尘管理浓度分别为2mg/m_3、3.5mg/m_3,与国家颁布的MAC一致:石灰石、混合生料粉尘分别为 3.5mg/m_3与3.1mg/m(?)(?)(?)粘土与熟料粉尘为4mg/m_3.     

Ductile crack initiation behavior in steels with compressive prestrain

It is well known that compressive prestrain reduces ductility in steels. On the other hand, it has also been found that high stress triaxiality reduces equivalent plastic strain at the onset of ductile fracture. In this research, plate specimens and notched bar specimens, which were prestrained in compression with bending, were used in reversed bending tests, and the effect of compressive prestrain on ductile crack initiation in steels was investigated. It was found that small ductile cracks occurred from the microscopic wrinkles which were formed on the concave surface with compressive prestrain. The critical relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic strain at ductile crack initiation was investigated by finite-element analysis. It was found that ductile crack initiation in steels with compressive prestrain can be estimated qualitatively by the relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic strain.     

基于CATIA和ANSYS的货车驱动桥壳有限元分析

为验证某货车驱动桥壳是否会出现断裂和塑性变形,利用CATIA软件对某货车驱动桥壳建立三维实体模型,通过传递数据接口,把模型导入有限元分析软件ANSYS,对驱动桥壳进行了2.5倍满载轴荷下的应力分布和变形情况分析。计算结果为：板壳和凸缘连接处最大应力为186MPa,小于材料屈服强度295MPa;轮距最大变形量为0.405728mm/m,小于国家规定的1.5mm/m,该驱动桥壳强度满足设计要求。表明驱动桥半轴套筒与轮毂内轴承的接触面和桥壳与凸缘连接处容易发生损坏,该方法为进一步优化改进设计提供了可靠的理论依据。     

基于实测动应力分析的车轴台架试验谱编制

通过长距离线路动应力测试,编制适用于车轴磁粉探伤周期优化研究的台架试验谱.首先,分析测试结果中车辆载重、线路工况、运行交路对车轴动应力的影响,并考虑车轮失圆的影响,确定不同影响因素的灵敏度;然后,进行应力谱极值推断,得到车轴外推应力谱;最后,得到台架试验谱,并开展台架疲劳试验.结果 表明:车轴最大应力截面上的最高频次应...     

外派海员的工作压力探讨

工作压力是影响海员身心健康和海上安全的重要因素之一.外派海员是一个特殊的职业群体,其工作压力构成更为复杂,本文从外派船员压力的形成和管理进行探讨,并提出相关建议.     

基于Ansys体外无粘结预应力筋加固铁路盖板涵静载分析

目前大秦铁路运输荷载日趋增加,原有盖板的各种病害日益突出,为了改善大秦重载铁路盖板掉块,钢筋锈蚀等病害,提高盖板的承载能力,对盖板进行了体外无粘结预应力筋加固试验研究。根据已加固盖板涵的室内静载试验和有限元模型,结合数据研究了无粘结预应力筋的加固效果。结果表明,无粘结预应力筋加固可以明显提高盖板的承载能力,在正常使用状态混凝土压应力最大降低约35%。最后,借助力学理论推导了无粘结预应力筋应力增量计算公式,根据试验结果验证了理论计算的准确性,为无粘结预应力筋加固的实际施工提供理论指导。     

混凝土收缩对空心墩墩顶实体段的应力影响研究

为分析混凝土收缩荷载对空心墩墩顶实体段应力的影响,以某单线铁路空心墩为例,对墩顶实体段进行结构有限元建模分析。分析表明:仅考虑竖向荷载(含动力系数)时,最大拉、压应力出现在顺桥向;考虑混凝土收缩荷载后,最大拉、压应力出现在横桥向,且拉应力数值增加明显,尤其是横桥向拉应力增加2~3倍,混凝土收缩荷载对墩顶实体段应力影响很大,设计配筋时应予以考虑。     

Stress Intensity of Antiplane Conjugate Cracks in Cubic Quasicrystal

Based on the theory of Muskhelishvili, the general solutions for stress and strain of conjugate cracks in cubic quasicrystal are obtained, with which the stress intensity factors of cubic quasicrystal at crack tips and the stress distribution functions of phonon and phason fields are given. The results show that though phason field is coupled with phonon field by constitutive equations, the stress intensity factors are not coupled with any other factors.     

The interaction of tidal advection, diffusion and mussel filtration in a tidal channel

Time series measurements of flow and pigment concentrations (Chl) in the Menai Strait have revealed that the strong residual flow in a tidal channel ( 500 m³ s^− 1) transports phytoplankton from the open sea into the channel where much of it is consumed by suspension feeders, mainly in commercial beds of Mytilus edulis. The progressive depletion of phytoplankton along the channel results in a strong horizontal gradient of plankton and hence Chl. Tidal displacement of this gradient causes large (± 50% of mean) oscillations of Chl in the vicinity of the mussel beds. Vertical mixing by the strong tidal flows is sufficiently vigorous for most of the tidal cycle to ensure that downward diffusion can resupply the near-bed layer although there are indications of some transient depletion around slack water.This paradigm of the interaction of advection, diffusion and filtration determining the distribution of plankton and its supply to mussels has been encapsulated in a series of simple models forced only by boundary values. In the first, a 1-D model of tidal flow in the channel reproduces the principal features of the observed currents including the unusually large spatial change in phase of the currents and the variation of the residual transport with tidal range. The flow field from this physical model is used to drive a second model based on the advection diffusion equation for Chl with a source at the Irish Sea boundary and a sink over the mussel bed. This model illustrates the formation of a strong Chl gradient along the channel and simulates the amplitude and phase of the M₂ oscillations of Chl and the development of the M₄ variation apparent in the observations. This second model has been extended to 2-D over the mussel beds to allow investigation of the effects of water column mixing. The model indicates that only for a short period ( 30 min), close to slack water, is mixing sufficiently reduced to permit the development of a depletion boundary layer and then only within  1 m from the bottom, a result which is consistent with the observations.