长短桩复合地基桩土荷载分担比研究

对长短桩复合地基在竖向荷载作用下的力学性状进行了研究,揭示了长短桩复合地基在不同桩土刚度比条件下桩土相互作用、荷载分担比、桩土应力比及荷载传递方面的变化规律。试验结果表明,此类复合地基能使刚性桩、柔性桩以及土体协调变形,合理发挥它们各自的承载能力,为今后的设计和推广应用提供了依据。     

Geometric stress distribution along the weld toe of the outer brace in two-planar tubular DKT-joints: Parametric study and deriving the SCF design equations

Regarding the research efforts expended so far on the calculation of stress concentration factors (SCFs) in tubular joints, two major shortcomings can be noted: (a) significant effort has been devoted to the study of SCFs in various uni-planar connections. Nevertheless, for multi-planar joints which cover the majority of practical applications, very few investigations have been reported due to the complexity and high cost involved; (b) majority of these research works focused on the study of SCFs at certain positions such as the saddle, crown toe, and crown heel, and they have ignored the hot-spot stress (HSS) at other positions along the weld toe. In the present paper, effects of dimensionless geometrical parameters on the SCF distribution along the weld toe of main (outer) braces in the axially loaded right-angle two-planar tubular DKT-joints are investigated. In order to study the multi-planar effect, SCF distribution in two-planar joints is compared with the distribution in a uni-planar joint having the same geometrical properties. A complete set of SCF database is constructed based on the two-planar DKT-joint Finite element models which are verified against experimental results and the predictions of Lloyd’s Register (LR) equations. The FE models cover a wide range of geometrical parameters. Six new SCF parametric formulae are developed through nonlinear regression analyses for the accurate and reliable fatigue design of two-planar DKT-joints under axial loads. An assessment study of these equations is conducted against the experimental data, the original FEM database and the acceptance criteria recommended by the UK Department of Energy.     

毛羽山隧道高地应力软岩大变形施工控制技术

兰渝铁路毛羽山隧道出口段穿越薄层状碳质板岩地层,区域原岩应力较大且以水平构造应力为主,隧道开挖过程中出现严重的大变形情况。通过分析,认为高地应力、最大水平主应力与隧道轴线呈大角度相交是大变形的主要因素。隧道施工过程中,通过采取提高支护体系刚度、合理预留变形量,以及采用长锚杆、多重支护和超短台阶法等常规措施控制了围岩变形;基于对围岩动态演化机制的认识,提出了高地应力隧道超前导洞法应力控制释放技术,开展了大型工程试验。阶段性试验成果表明,采用超前导洞有效地降低了正洞施工时的变形速率,对上中台阶影响尤为显著。通过对应力控制释放技术研究的进一步深化,有望探索出安全、高效的高地应力软岩施工新技术。     

上下重叠盾构隧道设计施工关键技术

文章结合深圳地铁2号线大剧院站至湖贝站上下重叠小净距盾构区间隧道工程实例,针对重叠盾构隧道的施工关键问题,进行了受力分析,提出下洞采取钢管支撑的施工技术措施,并通过实测进行了验证,为后续项目提供了经验。     

Stress Field Analysis of Carburized Specimen and Its Numerical Simulation

IntroductionCarburiZingiswidelyaPPiedheattre8boellttechnologyinindustry.Duringcarburizing,acasewithcarboncontellthigherthanthatofthecoreisformd;andaftethecarburzedmachinepwtbeingquenched,sdsehardenedlayeconsistedmainlyofmartensite,aswellasresidualstfOssfieldappearinit.Theresidua1stressfieldofcarburizedsteelanditsinfluenceonfatiguestrengthhavebeenstudiedexPerimenally["'],whilefewrePortscanbefoundaboatnumericalsimulationofresidualstressfieldincarburizedsPecmenaswellasitsinstataneousstressdist…     

碎石化后沥青加铺层应力对比分析

碎石化是一种旧水泥混凝土路面处治重要技术,它能降低建设成本,加快建设周期。文章基于有限元分析方法,首先对比分析了碎石化后加铺沥青面层和同厚度级配碎石层上加铺沥青面层的应力,结论认为碎石化后沥青加铺层底的拉应力要小于级配碎石的情况,证明碎石化后水泥混凝土板块优于级配碎石的力学性能;然后,通过改变碎石化层中两个主要分层的厚度和模量,分析不同的破碎程度对加铺层应力的影响,结论认为,碎石化下层厚度在10cm左右时,既能保证碎石化层仍然具有一定强度使沥青层底拉应力不至于过大,又能起到防止反射裂缝的作用。碎石化下层厚度不变时,加铺沥青层的受力状况随着碎石化下层模量的增大会稍有改善,拉应力、拉应变和弯沉都会有所减小,总体幅度在3%~9%之间。     

采用简化方法的船体结构疲劳强度校核

本文介绍用简化方法进行船体结构疲劳强度校核的基本原理。这一方法已为中国船级社近期编制的《船体结构疲劳强度指南》所采纳。文中介绍了疲劳载荷的计算,疲劳应力的计算及疲劳累积损伤的计算,并给出例题说明这一方法的具体应用。     

轻型电动客车车身—车架的有限元结构分析及试验研究

应用有限元分析软件，对ＥＶ－６５８０轻型电动客车的车身和车架进行了结构分析计算，并对实车进行了相应的静态及动态试验，证明了电动汽车车身及车架的轻量化潜力。     

点焊结构应力应变场数值模拟分析

采用ANSYS数值模拟软件,对点焊结构焊点附近的应力应变状况进行了详细的分析。分析结果表明,在点焊接头中应力和应变的分布是不均匀的,焊核中心的应力比较小,高应力区主要存在于热影响区内,即点焊接头热影响区附近是易于产生破坏的主要区域,且应力发展趋势是从母材贴合面与焊核交界线向外扩展。模拟分析试样变形状况与试验室点焊结构剪切拉伸疲劳试样的变形形状基本吻合,说明利用有限元数值模拟试验分析是可行的。     

轿车后桥加工中的残余应力研究

分别对轿车后桥横梁鞍形加强筋焊缝头部附近在冲压与焊接后的残余应力进行了测试，分析了残余应力分布与变化情况。研究结果表明，横梁中的冲压残余拉应力在焊接后变小，对焊接后的后桥中残余应力分布是有利的；后桥横梁鞍形加强筋焊缝头部的残余拉应力最大，可导致此处发生疲劳损伤。