深埋双线铁路隧道衬砌高水压分界值研究

为研究深埋双线铁路隧道衬砌高水压分界值以及高水压作用下的衬砌受力状态,基于双线铁路隧道设计标准,利用有限元软件计算和分析双线铁路隧道衬砌在不同水压作用下隧道衬砌安全系数的变化规律,确定双线铁路隧道衬砌的高水压分界值。研究结果表明:Ⅱ、Ⅲ级围岩条件下水压力在0~0.05 MPa(约等于隧道净高一半)和Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩条件下水压力在0~0.1 MPa(约等于隧道净高)范围内变化时,隧道断面安全系数基本不变。在Ⅱ、Ⅲ级围岩条件下,双线隧道的高水压第一分界值为0.08~0.20 MPa;高水压第二分界值可取为0.40MPa。在Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩条件下,双线隧道的高水压第一分界值为0.12~0.35 MPa;高水压第二分界值为0.50 MPa。双线铁路隧道采用标准设计图进行设计时,能够承受的最大静水头为50 m,超过50 m的静水头,则需要优化断面。     

Structural response of a flexible pipe with damaged tensile armor wires under pure tension

This article studies the structural response of a 6.0” flexible pipe under pure tension considering intact and damaged conditions. In the damaged condition, several wires of the tensile armor layers are assumed to be broken. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) model devoted to analyze the local mechanical response of flexible pipes is employed in this study. This model is capable of representing each tensile armor wire and, therefore, localized defects, including total rupture, may be adequately represented. Results from experimental tests validate the FE predictions and indicate a reduction in the axial stiffness of the pipe, a non-uniform redistribution of forces among the remaining intact wires of the damaged tensile armor layers and high stress concentrations in the wires near the broken ones. Moreover, the FE model indicates that significant normal bending stresses may arise in the pressure armor and inner carcass due to an uneven pressure distribution on these layers. Finally, the results obtained are employed to estimate the pull out capacity of the studied flexible pipe.     

应力波法锚杆无损检测技术研究

应力波法锚杆加固无损检测是一种快速、有效的无损检测方法,适合对锚杆质量进行大面积普查。文章结合衡阳-炎陵高速公路某隧道采用锚杆质量检测仪和分析处理软件进行质量检测的工程实践,探索了应力波无损检测技术的原理及其可行性。     

水泥混凝土路面碎石化层应力强度因子有限元分析

为比较是否碎石化对加铺后沥青路面结构应力的影响,本文从断裂力学入手,借助有限元软件,按等参八节点二维平面应变单元分析了两者在沥青加铺层情况相同时层底的应力强度因子。经对比分析,两者的Ⅰ型应力强度因子差别很大,而Ⅱ型应力强度因子基本相同,表明碎石化后沥青加铺层层底具有更好的受力特性,与不破碎直接加铺相比,能显著降低沥青加铺层底反射裂缝的可能性。这表明碎石化工艺对旧水泥混凝土路面的处治能满足加铺要求,达到了工艺处理的目的。     

大跨度连续刚构桥施工期截面应力测试与分析

广西布柳河大桥主桥为主跨235m、墩高97米、桥宽仅8.3米的特柔预应力混凝土连续刚构桥。文章结合主桥施工监控实践,介绍大跨高墩连续刚构桥施工期截面应力测试及数据分析的方法,为同类桥型施工提供参考。     

轮胎结构有限元分析应用于子午线轮胎帘线受力特性的研究

建立了195／60R14型子午线轮胎三维非线性有限元模型，研究了在静负荷作用下轮胎帘线的受力特征。结果表明，静负荷对轮胎接地区域内帘线受力影响显著；模型带束层结构为2层相交的帘线结构，不能构成力学上的对称；带束层角度的变化对帘线剪应力分布有一定的影响，对胎肩部位帘线剪应力影响较大。     

应力约束下车架的结构拓扑优化设计

根据汽车车架的结构及受力特点，建立了汽车车架结构拓扑优化模型，对薄板结构的极限应力分析表明，应力约束下汽车车架结构拓扑优化可用薄板结构尺寸优化方法的数学模型来描述，并用修改的满应力法求解。文中的数值结果表明这个方法是有效的算法。     

Stress intensity factor measurement of cracks using piezoelectric element

A stress intensity factor (SIF) measurement method for cracks using a piezoelectric element and an electrostatic voltmeter is presented. In this method, an isotropic piezoelectric element is first attached near the tip of the crack. Then surface electrodes are attached to three different positions on the piezoelectric element. The electric potentials of the surface electrodes, which are proportional to the sum of the stress ( _x + _y ) on the structural member, are measured by an electrostatic voltmeter during load cycling. The mode I and mode II SIFs of the crack are estimated using the relationship between the SIF and ( _x + _y ). The applicability of the proposed method is examined through experiments and numerical analysis.     

Calculation of Transient Stress Field During Laser Transformation Hardening Process

IntroductionHighpowerCOzlaserssdsetransformationhardeningtechniquehasbeensuccessfullyusedinindusnyforWYears.BecausethetemPeratUrefleldislocalizedinmaterialdurllglasertransfonnationhMngProcess,highthermstrCsswillgenerateinmatgrialduringlasertfansformationhardeningProcess.Therisalsohighresidualstressinmaterial,bothintCnsionandcomPression['-'].ComPressresidualstressishelptoincreasethefatigueldrimeofthelasertreatedmaterial,butthetensilestresswillshortenthefatiguelifetmeofthelasertreatedmator…     

城市道路平面交叉口优化设计方法与案例

近年来,由于城市路网本身的规划布局不合理或者一些限制因素造成的设计不完善,成为了城市道路交通拥堵的重要原因.同时,国内许多道路管理和设计部门更侧重于道路整体的把控而忽略了一些交叉节点的详细设计,这就造成了许多城市的新建道路存在交叉节点功能不完善、虽能通行却通行不畅或者通行期间存在着安全隐患,针对这类因前期设计缺陷而经成的畸形交叉口问题,提出了二次优化改造的建议和方法.