回填土区深层搅拌桩和高压旋喷桩复合地基的静承载性能

结合实际工程现场静载试验,采用有限元计算方法研究了桩长和桩土模量比对深层搅拌桩和高压旋喷桩复合地基在回填土中的桩体承载特性、荷载传递及复合地基变形特性的影响。结果表明,在回填土区,深层搅拌桩以桩体上部破坏为主,增加桩长不能有效地提高复合地基承载力,增加桩体强度尤其是上部桩体的强度则能够较大地提高复合地基承载力,高压旋喷桩可有效增强回填土地基的承载力。提出的桩体弹性模量取值范围可供设计参考。     

某下穿通道快速化预制拼装工艺总体设计方案

随着国家城市化进程的不断加快,传统现浇工艺存在着施工质量相对较差、对周边环境影响较大、劳动力成本不断上升等一系列问题,与国家提出的高质量发展目标存在一定差距,为此国家从政策方面开始推行预制拼装工艺。以某斜交下穿通道工程采用预制拼装工艺为例,从结构分块、接缝形式及防水、吊点布置等关键环节进行了系统性的研究与探讨,提出了一整套的设计方案,为工程的建成提供了有力的技术支撑,同时也为类似工程提供了有意义的参考借鉴。     

酒泉至额济纳铁路防沙堤风洞试验数值模拟及积沙试验研究

防沙堤是造价低、使用广泛的工程防沙措施。对三角形和梯形截面防沙堤进行系统对比研究,总结出两种防沙堤的优缺点。通过风洞试验对不同断面形状的防沙堤的流场结构、流场压力分布、积沙情况进行对比研究,然后利用FLUENT数值模拟方法对风洞试验进行验证对比。研究结果和结论:(1)梯形横断面防沙堤迎风侧形成的低速区域宽度大于三角形,梯形迎风侧对沙粒的沉积、滞留作用优于三角形;(2)三角形横断面防沙堤背风侧产生的有效防护宽度大于梯形,防护效果优于梯形;(3)风沙流遇防沙堤阻挡在迎风侧坡脚受阻堆积,积沙达到堤体2/3高度时不再继续堆积增高,一部分向两侧随风流导向两端处,另一部分沿坡越过堤体顶部在落沙坡堆积。准备建设的风沙铁路酒额线及其他交通、民用建筑可以利用以上成果选择防沙堤的形状以达到最好防沙效益。     

基于冻胀变形的基床表层疲劳寿命预测与分析

季节冻土区的铁路建设面临着路基冻胀问题,周期性的循环冻融作用将会加剧路基结构的破坏,从而缩短路基结构的使用寿命。根据基床表层冻胀变形结果,建立基于人工变形边界的应力计算模型,并引用半刚性基层材料疲劳寿命计算公式,分别计算不同水泥添加量下的基床表层的使用寿命。计算结果表明:基床表层的最大拉弯应力随着冻胀波长的不断增大和冻胀量的不断减小而呈现增大的趋势,水泥添加量为0、1%、3%、5%时,对应的基床表层冻胀变形所导致的基床表层最大拉弯应力分别为31.2、57.6、69.0、75.1 k Pa;随着水泥添加量的增加,基床表层的使用寿命不断提高,水泥添加量分别为1%、3%、5%时,基床表层的使用寿命相较于不添加水泥的情况分别增加了27%、36%、48%。     

旋喷桩加固边坡施工技术总结

该文通过对旋喷桩的加固原理和在武广客运专线XXTJ-Ⅱ标段路基边坡加固施工中应用情况的介绍,以工程实例说明旋喷桩的施工工艺、施工质量检测方法,并提出施工中应注意的问题。     

A new methodology for incident detection and characterization on surface streets

In this paper, a new methodology is presented for real-time detection and characterization of incidents on surface streets. The proposed automatic incident detection approach is capable of detecting incidents promptly as well as characterizing incidents in terms of time-varying lane-changing fractions and queue lengths in blocked lanes, lanes blocked due to incidents, and incident duration. The architecture of the proposed incident detection approach consists of three sequential procedures: (1) Symptom Identification for identification of incident symptoms, (2) Signal Processing for real-time prediction of incident-related lane traffic characteristics and (3) Pattern Recognition for incident recognition. Lane traffic counts and occupancy are the only two major types of input data, which can be readily collected from point detectors. The primary techniques utilized in this paper include: (1) a discrete-time, nonlinear, stochastic system with boundary constraints to predict real-time lane-changing fractions and queue lengths and (2) a pattern-recognition-based algorithm employing modified sequential probability ratio tests (MSPRT) to detect incidents. Off-line tests based on simulated as well as video-based real data were conducted to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm. The test results have indicated the feasibility of achieving real-time incident detection using the proposed methodology.     

大瑞铁路老红坡隧道穿越接触带单侧涌泥处理技术

大瑞铁路老红坡隧道穿越可溶岩与非可溶岩接触带施工单侧发生涌泥大变形地质灾害。通过分析变形开裂及地质成因，正洞内采用迂回导坑方案探明涌泥体范围，采用洞内扩挖工作洞室，在隧道单侧轮廓外施作超前水平注浆+高压水平旋喷桩加固及超前水平长大管棚的方案进行处理，并对该段支护及衬砌结构调整加强。依据现场工况，采用三台阶法分部、分段拆换作业，在钢架拱脚增设临时仰拱或临时横撑控制收敛变形，及时施作格栅钢架模筑衬砌，变形稳定后再施作永久二次衬砌。该技术在大瑞铁路老红坡隧道单侧突泥涌水地质灾害处治施工实践中得到了成功应用，取得了良好效果。     

京广线K950＋000～K950＋092路基病害成因分析及整治

分析了京广线第六次提速拨改地段路基病害原因，提出了静压注浆加固地基工程措施，详细介绍了路基加固方案及施工工艺。     

合肥地区复合地层盾构掘进参数控制研究

为保证合肥地铁盾构隧道的施工安全,基于合肥地层情况,通过PLAXIS 3D 岩土有限元软件模拟穿越软土、硬岩及复合地层 3 种不同地层条件的盾构掘进过程,研究开挖面支护力N、盾构钢壳锥度引起的收缩率C 和壁后注浆压力p 对地表沉降和围岩变形 响应的影响规律。研究结果表明: 1)支护力N 和注浆压力p 对地表沉降的影响受地层和埋深的限制较大,收缩率C 则相对较小; 2)从地表沉降上看,盾构掘进参数(N、C、p)对软土层的影响最大,复合地层次之; 3)p 对管片上浮和管片内力的影响显著,不宜设 置过高,软土层对p 最为敏感,硬岩和软硬复合地层次之。最后,将这些影响规律应用于合肥地铁4 号线某区间的盾构掘进参数控 制中,结合现场数据分析,结果表明盾构掘进姿态正确,地表沉降稳定,掘进参数合理可靠。     

Fuzzy-logic-based incident detection for signalized diamond interchanges

This paper documents a fuzzy-logic-based incident detection algorithm for signalized urban diamond interchanges. The model is capable of detecting lane-blocking incidents whose effects are manifested by patterns of deterioration in traffic conditions that require adjustments in signal control strategies. As a component of a real-time traffic adaptive control system for signalized diamond interchanges, the algorithm feeds an incident report (i.e., the time, location, and severity of the incident) to the system's optimization manager, which uses that information to determine the appropriate signal control strategy.The performance of the model was studied using a simulation of an actual diamond interchange. The simulation study evaluated the model's performance in terms of detection rate, false alarm rate, and mean time to detect. The model's performance was encouraging, and the fuzzy-logic-based approach is considered promising.