肿瘤图像病理诊断系统的设计

计算机辅助的肿瘤病理诊断与分析是提高病理医生工作效率的主要手段.提出了肿瘤病理诊断系统的软硬件结构,针对图像分割、图像边界跟踪和图像特征提取等功能进行了详细设计.实验结果表明,系统很好地完成了细胞图像的分割、细胞边界跟踪和重要细胞特征参数的提取,为病理医生识别病灶提供了客观依据.     

基于压缩感知和字典学习的背景差分法

针对当使用背景差分法时,背景存在突变和渐变、图像数据的冗余和伪前景对目标检测的干扰等问题,提出一种基于稀疏表示和字典学习的背景差分法。该方法首先训练视频流得到其数据字典,并根据数据字典学习与稀疏表示理论建立背景模型,可以有效减少数据的冗余。然后根据目标及其邻域的密集度进行目标分割,以排除前景的干扰。最后再根据数据字典的更新算法,有效解决了背景的突变和渐变问题。实验结果表明,该方法具有可行性。     

不同轨道结构地铁车内噪声影响特性分析

为研究不同轨道结构形式对地铁车内噪声的影响,测试了列车通过普通整体道床、减振扣件道床、梯形轨枕道床、中档钢弹簧浮置板道床、高档钢弹簧浮置板道床等5种轨道结构形式时的车内噪声。采用A计权声压级对车内噪声时域与频域特性进行分析,探究列车通过5种不同轨道结构时车内噪声分布规律。结果表明:普通整体道床车内噪声瞬时A计权声压级均值为76. 6 d B,减振扣件为82. 3 d B,梯形轨枕道床为77. 2 d B,中档钢弹簧浮置板道床为76. 8 d B,高档钢弹簧浮置板道床为81. 6 d B; 5种轨道结构形式车内噪声A计权声压级频谱差异明显;车内噪声总A计权声压级在空间分布上,同一水平车厢两侧近门窗处比车厢中部约高1. 5 d B,在垂向上声压级随高度的增加逐渐减小,坐高处比站高处噪声总A计权声压级高0. 5 d B。     

更换减振扣件前后地铁运营引起地面振动的研究

选择北京地铁5号线宋家庄—刘家窑区段,在更换减振扣件前后2次测试地铁正常运营引起的地面水平及垂向振动加速度,对其进行频谱分析;建立轨道—隧道—土层的三维有限元模型,利用实测数据,研究垂直于地铁线路方向不同距离的振动加速度响应规律。结果表明:地铁线路位于曲线段时,地面水平与垂向振动加速度峰值和有效值基本相等;在安装DTⅥ2扣件的轨道地段,地铁列车运营引起的地面主要振动频率为40～80 Hz,在安装Vanguard扣件的轨道地段为20～40 Hz,说明Vanguard扣件有较突出的减振效果;随着距地铁隧道中心线距离的增加,地面振动加速度响应表现出衰减的趋势,在离开隧道轴线一定距离处,存在地面振动加速度放大区,水平和垂向振动加速度放大区的位置有所不同。     

基于异方差的递增时间序列自回归预测的改善方法

依据"利用反双曲正弦函数变换提高数据列光滑程度"的结论,给出了两种异方差条件下递增时间序列自回归预测的改善方法.     

Impacts on Asphalt Mixture's High Temperature Performance with PR Series Additives Added

Impacts　on　asphalt　mixture's　high　temperature　performance　with　PR　series　additives　added　by　means　of　rutting　test　and　Repeated　Shear　Test　(Constant　Height)　(RSCH)　were　investigated　The　analytic　results　of　the　two　tests　show　that　(1)　rutting　test　is　not　suitable　for　the　high　temperature　performance　evaluation　of　asphalt　mixture　with　PR　series　additives　added　for　the　reason　of　the　conflict　between　dynamic　stability　and　rut　depth;　(2)　the　results　of　RSCH,such　as　K1,K2,N　and　γ,show　very　well　consistency　which　is　suitable　 for　the　high　temperature　performance　evaluation　of　asphalt　mixture　with　PR　series　additives 　added　The　results　of　RSCH　show　that　asphalt　mixture　with　PR　PLAST　S　(PRS) 　added　has　the　best　performance,the　PR　FLEX　MODULE　(PRM)　one　is　the　next　and　t he　original　one　is　the　worst　for　the　high　temperature　anti?shear　performance     

Observing individual dynamic choices of activity chains from location-based crowdsourced data

The existing efforts on studying human mobility and activity using location-based crowdsourced data mainly focus on obtaining the activity chain pattern in a region at an aggregate level. To observe individual dynamic choices of activity chains, this paper presents a data-driven approach to estimating individual-specific activity chain set and corresponding choice probabilities for a given person over a 24-h period using crowdsourced data from location-based service apps. We detect an individual-specific stochastic activity set using a contextual-parcel data analysis. Based on the time geography theory, we refine a space-time bicone concept to construct an activity-travel space-time-state network from the stochastic activity set. These space-time bicone constraints define a set of potential activity choices to reduce the search space of activity location and duration choices. We construct an activity state transition graph from the space-time-state network and calculate a Markov matrix for activity choice probabilities. Furthermore, we calculate the probabilities of activity chain choices using the Markov matrix. We also visualize individual-specific activity chain set in a space-time-state network to show the dynamic choices of individual daily mobility and activity. We demonstrate the proposed approach through conducting numerical analyses using crowdsourced data from location-based service apps - Foursquare and Twitter to construct individual-specific activity choice sets and corresponding choice probabilities.     

Data-driven spatio-temporal discretization for pedestrian flow characterization

We propose a novel approach to pedestrian flow characterization. The definitions of density, flow and velocity existing in the literature are extended through a data-driven spatio-temporal discretization framework. The framework is based on three-dimensional Voronoi diagrams. Synthetic data is used to empirically investigate the performance of the approach and to illustrate its advantages. Our approach outperforms the considered approaches from the literature in terms of the robustness with respect to the simulation noise and with respect to the sampling frequency. Additionally, the proposed approach is by design (i) independent from an arbitrarily chosen discretization; (ii) appropriate for the multidirectional composition of pedestrian traffic; (iii) able to reflect the heterogeneity of the pedestrian population; and (iv) applicable to pedestrian trajectories described either analytically or as a sample of points.     

锡和稀土在铝中存在状态的研究

从金相观察入手，利用扫描电子显微镜，电子探针和转靶光等地铝锡合金及加入稀土后的铝锡合金进行了研究，分析了锡和稀土在铝中的存在形式，确定了所形成的化合物的构成。     

串联混合型有源电力滤波器的设计与仿真

针对电压型谐波源,采用串联混合型有源电力滤波器来进行谐波补偿。建立了混合系统的单相等效电路图,分析了串联混合型电力滤波器的补偿特性,并且给出了参数设计及主电路的选择思路。Matlab仿真结果证明了串联混合型有源电力滤波器理论分析的正确性。