Statistical properties of bulk carrier longitudinal strength

The paper focuses on time-variant longitudinal strength of bulk carriers under corrosion wastage, applying both Taylor series expansion method and Monte Carlo simulation. Hull girder section modulus and ultimate bending moment capacity are determined, by classical beam theory and the commonly applied incremental-iterative approach, respectively. Two main aspects are fully discussed and investigated, according to the final recommendations of last ISSC Report. The former regards the covariance between annual corrosion rates of individual structural members, commonly assumed as uncorrelated. Really, as it is conceivable that a certain correlation exists, three different cases are investigated: uncorrelated variables, fully correlated variables, full correlation between structural members belonging to the same category of compartments. The latter investigates the probability density function of both hull girder section modulus and ultimate bending capacity, because the Central Limit Theorem cannot be applied when correlation among random variables exists. Finally, as a test example, the bulk carrier section, presented in the last ISSC benchmark study, is analysed.     

Energy efficiency and time charter rates: Energy efficiency savings recovered by ship owners in the Panamax market

This paper presents the first analysis on how financial savings arising from energy efficient ships are allocated between owners and those hiring the ships. This as an important undertaking as allocation of financial savings is expected to have an impact on the incentives faced by ship owners to invest in more energy efficient vessels. We focus on the dry bulk Panamax segment as it contributes to around 50 Mt (5%) of total CO₂ emissions from shipping in 2007 and therefore its importance in terms of environmental impact should not be neglected. The time charter market represents a classical example of the principal–agent problem similar to the tenant–landlord problem in the buildings sector. We discovered that on average only 40% of the financial savings delivered by energy efficiency accrue to ship owner for the period 2008–2012. The finding that only part of the savings are recouped by shipowners affecting their incentives towards energy efficiency could consequently have implications on the type of emission reduction policies opted at both, global and regional levels.     

Older People's Mobility: Segments,Factors, Trends

Abstract

The expanding older population is increasingly diverse with regard to, for example, age, income, location, and health. Within transport research, this diversity has recently been addressed in studies that segment the older population into homogeneous groups based on combinations of various demographic, health-related, or transport-related factors. This paper reviews these studies and compares the segments of older people that different studies have identified. First, as a result of a systematic comparison, we identified four generic segments: (1) an active car-oriented segment; (2) a car-dependent segment, restricted in mobility; (3) a mobile multi-modal segment; (4) and a segment depending on public transport and other services. Second, we examined the single factors used in the reviewed segmentation studies, with focus on whether there is evidence in the literature for the factors’ effect on older people's travel behaviour. Based on this, we proposed a theoretical model on how the different determinants work together to form the four mobility patterns related to the identified segments. Finally, based on current trends and expectations, we assessed which segments are likely to increase or decrease in future generations of older people and what should be done to support the multi-optional and independent mobility of older people.     

一种新型纯电动城市客车锂电池组的PACK及管理

简述目前纯电动客车运行的问题,通过电池PACK的串并分析,提出先串后并的PACK方式,并对电池PACK管理系统提出建议。     

简易车辆类型识别系统设计

从实时视频数据流中检测出运动车辆并对其进行车辆类型识别是智能交通系统的重要组成部分。本文提出一种从AVI视频文件中检测出运动车辆并识别其车辆类型的方案,其系统处理过程分为车辆图像获取、图像处理和车辆外观特征数据提取三个主要部分。经实验验证,该设计简单可行。     

Application of Deep Learning Method on Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation

Although deep learning methods have been widely applied in medical image lesion segmentation,it is still challenging to apply them for segmenting ischemic stroke lesions,which are different from brain tumors in lesion characteristics,segmentation difficulty,algorithm maturity,and segmentation accuracy.Three main stages are used to describe the manifestations of stroke.For acute ischemic stroke,the size of the lesions is similar to that of brain tumors,and the current deep learning methods have been able to achieve a high segmentation accuracy.For sub-acute and chronic ischemic stroke,the segmentation results of mainstream deep learning algorithms are still unsatisfactory as lesions in these stages are small and diffuse.By using three scientific search engines including CNKI,Web of Science and Google Scholar,this paper aims to comprehensively understand the state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms applied to segmenting ischemic stroke lesions.For the first time,this paper discusses the current situation,challenges,and development directions of deep learning algorithms applied to ischemic stroke lesion segmentation in different stages.In the future,a system that can directly identify different stroke stages and automatically select the suitable network architecture for the stroke lesion segmentation needs to be proposed.     

基于改进的 NCSPSO -AFSA 对 SVM参数的优化及其应用

为了找到支持向量机（SVM）最佳的分类参数,用以构建适合纹理图像分割的SVM分类器,文中是将基于小生境和交叉选择算子的粒子群算法（ NCSPSO）引入变异算子和族外竞争机制加以改进后与人工鱼群算法（ AFSA）混合,提出了一种改进的NCSPSO-AFSA混合算法优化支持向量机参数,并分别与AFSA算法,粒子群算法（PSO）,NCSPSO算法在图像分割准确率、参数寻优时间、图像分割时间等方面进行对比和分析,实验表明文中算法能够更好地获得适用于纹理图像分割的SVM参数,在缩短图像分割时间的同时提高了图像分割准确率,相比较其他算法,文中算法稳健性更好。将此方法应用于电镜及超声纹理图像分割中能较好地提取出目标区域,图像边缘部分的分类也很清晰。     

基于时间序列分析的机车振动信号建模和预测

通常机械设备的振动信号是其运行状况的直接反映，而对振动信号的未来预测又是分析的重点。现选择时间序列分析理论来处理振动信号，选用AR模型进行建模与预测仿真。同时对时间序列建模的基本原理、操作步骤做了详细的论述。最后利用Matlab系统辨识工具箱相关函数对一个实际机车振动信号进行了建模，结果表明利用时间序列分析技术处理振动信号的预测问题是快速有效的。     

基于时间序列BP神经网络的集装箱吞吐量动态预测

集装箱吞吐量预测是港口发展规划制定的依据。在MATLAB环境下，把时间序列BP神经网络应用于港口集装箱吞吐量的预测，采用逐步递归的方法进行，同时注意尽量减少训练样本的浪费（只用1个检验样本）和充分挖掘BP神经网络适合短期预测的潜力。无论是从拟合情况，还是预测值的检验和港口发展规划的实际情况来看，都有着很高的精度．可以作为集装箱吞吐量预测的一种行之有效的方法。     

公路网运行时间可靠度研究

路网可靠度研究是国内外交通运输领域的一个重要研究方向。文章结合国内外时间可靠度模型研究的现状,介绍了公路网运行时间可靠度的模型以及算法,并展望了时间可靠度理论的研究方向。