遗传算法在图像分割中的应用

图像分割是图像分析的预处理阶段,被认为是计算机视觉中的一个瓶颈.基于扩展的Otsu最优阈值图像分割方法,提出用一种改进遗传算法进行图像分割的方法,并给出了遗传算法中参数的设定.仿真结果表明,改进算法的计算速度不仅明显优于传统的Otsu方法,而且算法的分割效果也很好.     

一种域控制器片内及片外时间同步的方法

目前整车E/E架构由于面临来自不同控制器和传感器的数据交互需求而变得愈加复杂,所需要解决的问题包括:功能复杂性,通信带宽,计算能力,灵活性,可拓展性等。其中域控制器上层应用算法对获取数据的同步尤其敏感,数据融合需要针对同一时间点获取到的数据做融合处理。因此,对域控制器内部的异构多核、外部控制器数据以及传感器数据时间同步的研究尤其重要。基于此,文章详细介绍了域控制器片内及片外时间同步的方法,解决了域控制器内外部数据时间不同步的技术缺陷。     

区间隧道下穿大型建筑物孔内外微差减震弱爆破施工技术

在城市中修建地铁隧道经常会出现隧道近距离下穿大型建筑物的情况。为了解决爆破施工时爆破震动对建筑物结构造成影响,将非电毫秒微差导爆管雷管的孔内微差与孔外微差结合起来,联线方式采用分组串联法,每3～5孔一组,孔内导爆管雷管跳段使用,孔外采用MS-2段导爆管雷管串联,从而将各个炮孔的引爆时间全部错开,实现导爆管雷管的延期起爆,基本达到了"一孔一响",有效降低了爆破振速,同时保证了施工安全及质量。     

路面对四轮汽车输入的时域模型

本文通过理论分析，建立了路面对四轮汽车输入的时域模型，通过计算机模拟分析，该模型可保证一定的精度，并有利于进行主动悬架的设计。     

基于彩色图像车牌分割研究

智能运输系统中车牌识别技术得到了广泛应用,车牌分割是车牌识别的重要部分。基于彩色图像车牌分割与采用灰度图像车牌分割相比,可以有效消除阴影影响,同时车牌颜色也是车牌识别的一个参数。颜色分类处理使用特征函数,可以减少颜色坐标转换运算,提高颜色分类速度。文中详细讨论中国车牌特征,给出车牌分割详细步骤。车牌区域判别采用信息融合技术。车牌倾斜矫正结合车牌倾斜特点,提出快速算法。     

Strategic planning support for road safety measures based on accident data mining

When actions and measures to increase road safety are to be planned by the police and local authorities, it is necessary to consider the specific accident circumstances as well as their historical, current, and predicted course. In particular, combinations of accident circumstances not contained in existing police statistics are often neglected, but may nevertheless be relevant, e. g., due to an increasing frequency. In order to identify these undiscovered interesting combinations, we propose a framework to support strategic planning of road safety measures based on several consecutive data mining stages. The scope, type, and location of road safety measures must be planned at a strategic level several months in advance to be fully effective. Therefore, it is essential to investigate and predict the accident circumstances and the temporal changes in their frequency comprehensively. Only with the knowledge, e. g., about the temporal pattern, locations, conditions of roads or speeds, meaningful actions can be derived. The embedded data mining approaches, i. e., frequent itemset mining, time series clustering, time series classification, forecasting, and scoring, are carefully selected, coordinated, and aligned. As a result, the framework provides police users with information about circumstances of accidents that are of interest in the future and presents their previous temporal and local patterns in a dashboard. In this study, the framework is applied in four different geographical regions. Thereby, default parameter settings for all approaches are found that are particularly suitable for the framework to investigate novel geographic regions.     

基于视觉的地铁列车前向目标识别系统研究

为解决地铁列车前向运行环境中障碍物判断问题,提出基于视觉的地铁列车前向目标识别系统。该系统利用语义分割算法提取行驶轨道区域,结合轨道区域识别,基于SSD算法提取前向运行环境中轨道限界范围内的列车、行人等目标。针对上述场景,建立列车前向运行环境样本库,并基于该样本库完成模型训练。实验结果证明所得模型可有效识别列车前向行驶多目标。     

The effects of the 2013 floods on Germany’s freight traffic

This article analyzes the spatio-temporal effect of the 2013 floods on freight traffic in Germany by using automatic traffic counter data. The methodology uses a proven time-series outlier detection and identification technique to endogenously determine if a counter was affected during the flood and estimate the magnitude and duration of the change in the number of vehicles passing through it. This is the first paper able to quantify climate-related variations in traffic across all the counters of a national network. Results show variations on 10% of all counters and 23% of all main roads. Results allow us to trace the configuration of disrupted and detour routes, recovery times, and the total effect on the network. Our findings serve as an input to other studies on the impact of exogenous events on the transport system and contribute towards the formulation of public policies to improve road resilience.     

Time reversal damage localization method of ocean platform based on particle swarm optimization algorithm

The traditional time reversal is considered a promising approach for non-destructive testing and health monitoring of key region and structure, but it is considerably time consuming. This paper presents a time reversal damage localization method, based on particle swarm optimization algorithm, which is capable of improving the real-time performance of health monitoring in ocean platform. Firstly, the virtual focusing model of time reversal is constructed, and a succinct expression of virtual focusing for sensor pairs is proposed. Then, on the definition of the evaluation index, the PSO based time reversal algorithm is proposed, and the proper coefficients is given. Finally, the finite element simulation and experimental case validate that the proposed method is capable of find the damage location within limit iterative steps. Thus, the proposed method is a hopeful method for online monitoring and damage localization of large sized structure.     

基于车载LiDAR数据的公路竖向净空自动化评估

现役道路基础设施管理过程中缺乏大范围区域内不同路段的现状或实时的竖向净空数字化资料，导致部分过高车辆撞击跨线桥或其他上空构造物的事故时有发生，造成了重大财产损失与人员伤亡。针对该问题，基于车载LiDAR数据构建公路竖向净空自动化评估方法框架。通过数据重构方法将复杂道路线形的车载LiDAR点云转化为简单的直线形式，利用基于线性索引的点云数据分块方法实现重构场景下车载LiDAR数据的条形、柱形与体素单元的快速分块，建立柱形单元非平面点初步滤波、基于K-Means与体素聚类的复杂LiDAR点云环境中路面优化分割流程。在基于条形单元划分提取道路边界后，利用体素聚类将路面上方点云进行划分。以提取的路面点云作为二维插值基准面，完成不同物体的竖向净空计算，并利用江苏南京市内的2条公路LiDAR数据的对算法框架进行测试。研究结果表明：所提方法在噪音存在的复杂LiDAR环境中可以有效分割出道路上方物体并完成竖向净空的计算；通过部分算法提取与人工标注结果的对比，显示公路1与公路2的竖向净空平均绝对误差分别为0.94、1.57 cm，具有较好的可靠性；在32 GB内存、Intel® Xeon® E5-1650 v4@3.6 GHz六核处理器的计算机上完成公路1与公路2竖向净空评估的平均时间分别为6.62、7.83 s·km^-1，算法效率可满足大尺度场景下的公路竖向净空自动化计算；相比于已有研究方法，所提方法框架考虑了车载LiDAR点云环境内的路面上测量噪音的存在，对变宽度路面条件复杂场景下的公路竖向净空评估具有更好的适用性。