Modeling the day-to-day traffic evolution process after an unexpected network disruption

Although various approaches have been proposed for modeling day-to-day traffic flow evolution, none of them, to the best of our knowledge, have been validated for disrupted networks due to the lack of empirical observations. By carefully studying the driving behavioral changes after the collapse of I-35W Mississippi River Bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, we found that most of the existing day-to-day traffic assignment models would not be suitable for modeling the traffic evolution under network disruption, because they assume that drivers’ travel cost perception depends solely on their experiences from previous days. When a significant network change occurs unexpectedly, travelers’ past experience on a traffic network may not be entirely useful because the unexpected network change could disturb the traffic greatly. To remedy this, in this paper, we propose a prediction-correction model to describe the traffic equilibration process. A “predicted” flow pattern is constructed inside the model to accommodate the imperfect perception of congestion that is gradually corrected by actual travel experiences. We also prove rigorously that, under mild assumptions, the proposed prediction-correction process has the user equilibrium flow as a globally attractive point. The proposed model is calibrated and validated with the field data collected after the collapse of I-35W Bridge. This study bridges the gap between theoretical modeling and practical applications of day-to-day traffic equilibration approaches and furthers the understanding of traffic equilibration process after network disruption.     

轨道交通施工期间的交通组织方法研究与应用

文章根据轨道施工特点及其周边区域综合状况,介绍了轨道交通施工站点交通组织的主要方法与步骤,并以兰州轨道一号线东方红广场站为例,结合该站点周边用地及区域交通分析提出了两个交通组织方案,并应用交通仿真软件进行方案比选。     

Parking permits management and optimal parking supply considering traffic emission cost

Given a many-to-one bi-modal transportation network where each origin is connected to the destination by a bottleneck-constrained highway and a parallel transit line, we investigate the parking permit management methods to minimize traffic time cost and traffic emission cost simultaneously. More importantly, the optimal supply of parking spots is also discussed in the policies of parking permit. First, we derive the total travel costs and emission costs for the two cases of sufficient and insufficient parking spot provisions at the destination. Second, we propose a bi-objective model and solve the Pareto optimal parking permit distribution, given a certain level of parking supply. Third, we investigate the optimal parking supply in the policy of parking permit distribution, with the objectives of minimizing both total travel cost and traffic emission. Fourth, we provide a model of optimizing parking supply, in the policy of free trading of parking permits. Finally, the numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of these schemes, and the numerical results show that restricting parking supply at the city center could be efficient to reduce traffic emission.     

Travel mental budgeting under road toll: An investigation based on user equilibrium

With the approach of introducing the conceptions of mental account and mental budgeting into the process of travelers’ route choice, we try to identify why the usages of tolled roads are often overestimated. Assuming that every traveler sets a mental account for his/her travel to keep track of their expense and keep out-of-pocket spending under control, it addresses these questions such that “How much money can I spend on the travel?” and “What if I spend too much?”. Route tolls that exceed the budget are much more unacceptable compared to those within budget due to the non-fungibility of money between different accounts. A simple network with two nodes and two routes is analyzed firstly, the analytical solutions are obtained and the optimal road tolls supporting the user equilibrium as a system optimum are also derived. The proposed model is then extended to a generalized network. The multiclass user equilibrium conditions with travel mental budgeting are formulated into an equivalent variational inequality (VI) problem and an equivalent minimization problem. Through analyses with numerical examples, it is found that the main reason that the usages of high tolled roads are often overestimated is due to the fact that travelers with low and moderate out-of-pocket travel budget perceive a much higher travel cost than their actual cost on the high tolled roads.     

基于AIS海上交通调查的船舶定线制设计

文章分析了宁波一舟山核心港区的AIS数据和VTS现场监控数据,从宏观和微观两方面得出了辖区水域的船舶航迹和交通特性,并在考虑现有推荐深水航线和习惯航路情况下,应用基于AIS海上交通调查的船舶定线制设计了辖区船舶定线制的总体方案、警戒区及相关尺度,确保船舶定线制的科学合理性。     

流动车辆数据采集方法及应用

信息是动态交通管理的基础,做好信息采集是顺畅交通管理的前提。本文阐述了流动车辆数据采集法的概念、系统构成概要、数据处理流程;择要介绍了采集数据的信息增值处理,并对其实用化进程给出了阶段性规划,指出了其中需解决的主要技术和系统问题。     

铁路客运专线办理行包的探讨

本文根据铁路客运专线的性质和特点,以大量的第一手现场调查资料,在旅客随行行李（随身行李和托运行李）需求预测的基础上,分析论证了铁路客运专线办理旅客随行行李的必要性,对铁路客运专线办理旅客随行行李运输方案进行了探讨,并提出建议,同时,对我国铁路包裹运输发展方向和办理方案进行了探讨。     

高原地区公路运行速度模型研究

文章基于对青藏公路车辆运行速度、车辆组成的调查,采用层次分析法对不同车辆组成、不同路段速度进行分析,建立了不同车辆组成下的运行速度模型,并结合交通事故数据,提出了确保交通安全的常年冻土区公路运行速度值。该运行速度模型的应用研究,为减少道路交通事故提供了一种新思路。     

雾天高速公路限速模型研究

文章通过对传统的基于停车视距和基于交通标志视认距离的雾天高速公路限速模型的分析,提出了考虑比较全面的组合限速模型,并采用保守分析与乐观分析方法对各种限速模型的计算结果进行比较,论证各种限速模型的特点和适用条件,同时还提出了不同能见度条件下的高速公路限速值和管理措施,为高速公路雾天行车安全管理提供借鉴。