Characteristics of red light running violations in urban areas in Tabuk,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

This paper aims to assess the characteristics of red light violations in Tabuk city of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The paper also analyzes the effect of intersection characteristics, such as geometric design, control system and location, on number of violations. Data on traffic characteristics and violations, intersection geometric design (road width, number of lanes, speed) were collected at 38 intersections in Tabuk using video cameras. Statistical analysis reveals that number of approaches, speed, road width, speed on cross road, and width of cross road significantly affects red light violation. Regression analysis implies that road width, red time and speed are the most important factors affecting red light violation.     

执法路上 别忘了保护好自己——道路交通事故出警效率与安全“博弈”

随着我国道路交通事故致因和形态日渐复杂化和多样化,事故处理和救援对公安交管部门出警效率与安全提出了严峻考验。现有交通事故出警反应机制主要对出警任务进行了界定,缺乏影响安全的出警决策和指挥调度的内容,并且出警指挥平台和民警科技装备应用水平的限制,进一步影响了事故出警效率与安全。针对事故出警效率和安全问题,从法律制度、出警机制和出警智能化等层面提出了平衡策略,对预防事故现场二次事故和保障民警安全具有重要意义。     

交通安全宣传教育专业化网站建设模式研究

互联网络的出现与兴起,为交通安全宣传教育工作的具体实施开辟了全新领域。本文将在分析我国地方公安交通管理部门官方政务网站的基础上,针对当前实际需求,从建设目标、内容设置、技术方案等方面研究交通安全宣传教育专业化网站建设新模式、分析发展新趋势,以此来提升我国交通安全宣传教育工作和相关网站的整体水平,最终达到全民交通安全意识整体提升的目标。     

临时关闭道路以疏导城市道路交通流的可行性分析

文章基于Braess悖论,以单位车辆的平均出行时间为最优目标,以网络道路系统为约束条件,从逆向思维角度建立了通过临时关闭道路引导交通流以缓解城市道路交通拥挤的Narsh均衡非线性规划模型,并以北京二环道路网络为研究对象进行了实例分析。结果表明,在城市道路网中,关闭部分路段并不能明显缓解交通拥堵现状,但可以在不影响路网整体通行时间的条件下改善路网局部拥堵状况。建议城市道路交通临时疏导方案应该根据路网交通流的分布特点和道路通过能力等因素进行制订。     

基于层次分析法的成都双流机场T2航站楼外部区域交通标志有效性研究

综合交通枢纽外部区域交通标志的设计与设置将影响驾驶员对路径的选择,从而影响枢纽的运营效率。本文基于层次分析法（AHP）,对成都双流机场T2航站楼外部区域交通标志的有效性进行分析。通过研究发现,影响T2航站楼外部区域的交通标志有效性的最主要因素是标志信息准确性、标志连贯程度、标志设置和驾驶员遵从标志指示的服从度。T2航站楼外部区域的标志信息准确性和标志设置的问题较突出,本文提出了相应的改进措施。     

城市客运交通结构内部成本与交通效率优化模型

为实现城市客运交通系统的可持续发展,基于经济、社会和环境可持续性发展,建立以交通效率最大化和交通系统内部成本最小化为目标的城市客运交通结构双目标优化模型,并利用多目标规划中的理想点法求解模型。以长春市为例,验证了模型的正确性,优化后的交通结构体现了城市客运交通系统的可持续发展目标。     

基于交通渗流理论的城市轨道交通网络动态服务瓶颈识别

为准确把握轨道交通网络化运营的新态势和新要求,力求轨道交通系统在大客流下做到运输能力和服务水平的供需匹配,需对轨道交通网络的关键瓶颈进行有效识别和疏解。本文借鉴交通渗流理论,提出了限制网络整体服务水平和连通效能的动态服务瓶颈的识别方法,该方法综合考虑了城市轨道交通系统的网络特性、客流特性和服务特性。其中针对区间服务水平状态,该方法提出了定量评定的复合指标模型。以成都地铁线网为案例,基于实际客流运营数据,构建动态网络,识别服务瓶颈,验证了方法的适用性和准确性,对城市轨道交通系统运营管理有实际指导意义。     

Quadratic approximation and convergence of some bush-based algorithms for the traffic assignment problem

This paper first shows that LUCE (Gentile, 2012), a recent addition to the family of bush-based algorithms, is closely related to OBA (Bar-Gera, 2002). LUCE’s promise comes mainly from its use of the greedy method for solving the quadratic approximation of node-based subproblems, which determines the search direction. While the greedy algorithm accelerates the solution of the subproblems and reduces the cost of line search, it unexpectedly disrupts the overall convergence performance in our experiments, which consistently show that LUCE failed to converge beyond certain threshold of relative gap. Our analysis suggests that the root cause to this interesting behavior is the inaccurate quadratic approximation constructed on faulty information of second-order derivatives. Because the quadratic approximations themselves are inaccurate, the search directions generated from them are sub-optimal. Unlike OBA, however, LUCE does not have a mechanism to correct these search directions through line search, which explains why its convergence performance suffers the observed breakdowns. We also attempt to improve LUCE using the ideas that have been experimented for the improvement of OBA. While these improvements do work, their effects are not enough to counteract the inability to adjust sub-optimal search directions. Importantly, the fact that the search direction has to be corrected in line search to ensure smooth convergence attests to the limitation of origin-based flow aggregation shared by both OBA and LUCE. These findings offer guidelines for the design of high performance traffic assignment algorithms.     

Modeling traffic noise in a mountainous city using artificial neural networks and gradient correction

Different regions have established traffic noise prediction models to adapt to their particular environmental characteristics. This paper aimed to develop a traffic noise prediction model for mountainous cities. In China, the traffic noise prediction model HJ 2.4-2009, which itself is based on the sound pressure level corrected for roadway gradients (RGs), has been receiving widespread acceptance. On the basis of the model in HJ 2.4-2009, the RG correction coefficient was proposed to modify the original model and a per-vehicle noise prediction model was built using a multilayer feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) model. The data collected from a municipal road of a hilly city, Chongqing, was used to train and validate the ANN model. The predictor variables comprised the per-vehicle noise value, vehicle type, vehicle velocity, and roadway gradient. The results showed that the modified HJ 2.4-2009 model incorporating the gradient correction coefficient achieved a significantly higher R² for mountainous cities than the original model. Besides, the ANN-based noise prediction model achieved considerable accuracy improvement over the empirical predictive equations.     

铁路车流推算及监测系统的设计与研究

目前铁路车流推算及监测手段自动化、智能化程度相对滞后,货物运到期限保障率较低,难以适应日益激烈的货运市场环境。为提升货运作业和车流状态的准确把握与推算能力,提高日班计划、阶段计划一体化编制水平,在阐述铁路车流推算及监测系统目标的基础上,从表示层、业务逻辑层、数据层3个方面进行总体架构设计,分析铁路车流推算及监测系统功能,即:车流推算、车流监测、流程管控、车流预警分析识别、数据统计分析等,以提升运输生产精准化和调度精细化水平,实现铁路车流推算及监测手段自动化、智能化管理。