Coastal erosion and sea level rise: Implications for ocean beach and San Francisco's westside transport project

Abstract

One of the consequences of sea level rise resulting from the greenhouse effect is increased coastal erosion. This article discusses a model of erosion that can be used to estimate the response of beaches to sea level rise. The model is applied to Ocean Beach, California, with particular attention to the consequences of accelerated erosion for the San Francisco Westside Sewer Transport. Results obtained show that erosion produced by accelerated sea level rise could cause substantial damage to the structure. Large expenditures on beach nourishment will be required to protect the transport and the recreational value of the beach.     

Modeling the Car-Truck Interaction in a System-Optimal Dynamic Traffic Assignment Model

Several transportation problems, such as implementation of truck-only lanes, require understanding the interaction of heterogeneous dynamic traffic flows in order to provide accurate solutions. System-optimal dynamic traffic assignment can be modeled using a network loading procedure based on the cell transmission model, that is, the hydrodynamic wave model, and solved by linear programming. However, this framework cannot handle the asymmetric integration between the flow of trucks and cars. This article presents a novel formulation for network loading in system-optimal dynamic traffic assignment considering car–truck interactions. By using an embedded cell transmission model, this formulation incorporates a set of assumptions related to the kinematic characteristics of the flow of cars, trucks, and their interactions that can be solved using linear programming. We present numerical results supporting our modeling assumptions. Likewise, the observed emergent behavior captures the car–truck interactions accurately and indicates that minimum system-optimal travel time is obtained by encouraging cars to use highways with shorter distances.     

Did California’s hand-held cell phone ban reduce accidents?

On July 1st, 2008, California enacted a ban on hand-held cell phone use while driving. Using California Highway Patrol panel accident data for California freeways from January 1st, 2008 to December 31st, 2008, we examine whether this policy reduced the number of accidents on California highways. To control for unobserved time-varying effects that could be correlated with the ban, we use high-frequency data and a regression discontinuity design. We find no evidence that the ban on hand-held cell phone use led to a reduction in traffic accidents.     

TransCAD平台下OD矩阵反推结果对比研究

在介绍基于T ransCAD软件平台下OD矩阵反推方法基础上,设计不同的OD矩阵反推方案。通过方案反推结果之间的对比,研究基于路段交通量反推OD矩阵的结果精度与交通分配方法、路段拥挤程度、种子OD矩阵以及路段交通量调查点覆盖范围之间的关系。     

当前公路管理段养护设备发展状况的调查与思考

探讨了公路管理段在体制改革过程中,机械设备发展的几种主要模式,并且对其进行了分析比较,总结了发展过程中的经验教训,提出了目前状况下机械设备发展过程中一些好的思路和做法。     

变形车辆自标定三维重建的建模研究

变形车辆测量是道路交通事故再现的重要基础性工作。建立基于普通数码相机的事故变形车辆自标定三维重建模型,可以避免在现场设置标定物,有利于提高变形车辆的勘测效率和三维重建设备的使用方便性。研究了基于基础矩阵估计的事故变形车辆摄影图像自标定三维模型,并分析了其实现过程。实验表明,自标定三维重建能为事故再现提供详细的车辆变形描述。     

自锚式悬索桥主缆无应力长度的计算分析研究

该文基于悬链线计算分析理论,将自锚式悬索桥空缆状态,简化为受沿弧长均布的自重荷载与吊索处集中力作用的柔性索,对成都市清水河自锚式悬索桥主缆的无应力长度进行了计算分析。可为类似的桥梁设计和施工提供参考。     

山区高速公路隧道典型安全因素分析及其对策研究

文章针对西部多条山区高速公路隧道运营安全情况,分析山区高速公路隧道的典型安全事故及原因,提出了基于车速限制、车道限制、照明控制与交通安全设施的安全对策,为山区高速公路隧道的安全运营提供参考。     

交通状态检测方法的评价研究

交通状态是一个感觉量，在确定交通状态时存在模糊性，这给交通状态检测方法的评价增加了困难，至今理论上缺乏相关的研究。文中在评价交通状态的准确性时建立了基于用户的评价方法，解决了交通状态的模糊性带给评价上的问题。通过评价检测的准确性可以修正检测模型中的相关参数，从而提高检测的准确度，达到改进检测方法的目的。在综合评价中还考虑了检测方法的时间效率和经济性，可对多种检测方法进行综合评价。     

重庆李渡长江大桥斜拉桥施工监控计算

重庆李渡长江大桥斜拉桥是一座采用镀锌平行钢丝体系斜拉索、双塔双索面、纵向弹性半漂浮体系的预应力混凝土边主梁斜拉桥。介绍该桥施工监控计算的计算方法、模型离散、斜拉索张拉索力的确定和挂篮立模标高的确定。