论民事优先权种类的立法选择

民事优先权的种类是构建民事优先权制度的核心问题.本文从厘清民事优先权的含义着手,分析了我国民事优先权的立法现状,最后结合国外的立法例及我国学者提出的相关建议稿,对我国《物权法》上民事优先权种类的设置提出若干立法建议.     

重载组合式列车卸车站平面布置方案研究

重载运输是现代货运发展的方向,卸车站作为重载铁路运输通道上的关键节点,对通道运输能力具有重要影响.从货物运输组织模式、站内主要技术作业内容和卸车站能力3个方面阐述重载组合式列车卸车站平面布置方案的影响因素,提出重载组合式列车车场布置形式,以及卸车站基本平面布置可以采用尽头式和环形式2种布置图型.结合实例,在调机、本务机...     

基于CBTC控制的全自动驾驶系统

主要介绍全自动驾驶(FAO)系统的发展和应用情况、系统的组成和特点,并提出引进采用该系统需要注意的问题。     

故障救援情形下的地铁列车调度调整模型

基于给定的救援组织方案,以列车运行时间、备用列车加开位置和方向、客流量等为约束条件,以备用列车加开方案和列车到发时间为决策变量,以站台滞留人数与加开备用列车数的加权和最小为目标,构建故障救援情形下的地铁列车调度调整混合整数规划模型.对模型线性化后,采用商业软件CPLEX求解.以某地铁运营线路为例,以不固定和固定备用列车...     

考虑出行者行为的多重网络拥堵风险传播模型

城市道路交通拥堵风险传播过程受拥堵预警信息、出行者行为特性及居民出行流量分布等诸多因素影响.本文提出包括道路子网、信息子网和出行子网的多重网络模型,应用改进的UAU-SIR(Unaware-Aware-Unaware-Susceptible-Infective-Recovered)模型,探讨多重网络预警信息下的城市道路...     

马来西亚东海岸铁路CTCS-2级列控系统方案研究

对马来西亚东海岸铁路CTCS-2级列控系统方案进行了分析和研究;针对单线自动站间闭塞情况提出了CTCS-2级列控系统方案;通过综合比较后提出马来西亚东海岸铁路列控系统推荐方案,可为CTCS-2级列控系统在单线自动站间闭塞中的应用提供一定参考.     

The accuracy of proxy responses in a stated choice setting: A re-examination and some controversial conclusions

Data is typically gathered from an individual respondent who represents the group or the household. This individual is often identified as the “primary decision maker” and is asked to provide responses as a proxy for the group given that the cost of interviewing each member individually is impractical and/or expensive. The collection of joint preferences is rarely undertaken, with the use of proxy responses not uncommon in travel behaviour research. Under such a framework, there exists an assumption that the primary decision maker has perfect knowledge of other group member preferences, and bargaining behaviour, and is able to synthesise this information when providing a response on their behalf. The validity of such an assumption however remains an open question, with recent research calling the reliability of proxy responses into account (Bateman and Munro, 2009). In this paper, using three models estimated in willingness to pay space, we examine the accuracy of proxy responses in a stated choice experiment. We find that there is overlap between a proxy response and the own preferences of the individual providing the proxy choice, but while the proxy responses fail to represent the full preference heterogeneity that exists in the actual choices made by individuals, the proxy responses in aggregate provide a suitable replacement for actual data, subject to a number of caveats.     

Modelling the impact of weather conditions on active transportation travel behaviour

Three weather sensitive models are used to explore the relationship between weather and home-based work trips within the City of Toronto, focusing on active modes of transportation. The data are restricted to non-captive commuters who have the option of selecting among five basic modes of auto driver, auto passenger, transit, bike and walk. Daily trip rates in various weather conditions are assessed. Overall, the results confirm that impact of weather on active modes of transportation is significant enough to deserve attention at the research, data collection and planning levels.     

Key criteria influencing the choice of Arctic shipping: a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process model

As Arctic sea ice shrinks due to global warming, the Northern Sea Route (NSR) and the Northwest Passage (NWP) offer a substantial reduction in shipping distance between Asia and the European and North American continents, respectively, when compared to conventional routes through the Suez and Panama Canals. However, Arctic shipping routes have many problems associated with their use. The main objective of this paper is to identify the key criteria that influence the decisions of shipping operators with respect to using Arctic shipping routes. A multi-criteria decision-making methodology, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, is applied to rank four potential categories of criteria (‘economic’, ‘technical’, ‘political’ and ‘safety’ factors) and their sub-criteria.

The results of the analysis suggest that, on aggregate, ‘economic’ is the most important category of influential factors, followed by ‘safety’, ‘technical’ and ‘political’ factors. The paper concludes, however, that the most influential specific sub-criteria relate to risks that lie mainly within the ‘safety’ and ‘political’ domains and that, especially in combination, these overwhelm the importance which is attached to ‘economic’ factors such as reduced fuel use. Finally, the implications of these findings for the future development of Arctic shipping are addressed at a strategic level.     

Development of railway station choice models to improve the representation of station catchments in rail demand models

ABSTRACT

This paper describes the development of railway station choice models suitable for defining probabilistic station catchments. These catchments can then be incorporated into the aggregate demand models typically used to forecast demand for new rail stations. Revealed preference passenger survey data obtained from the Welsh and Scottish Governments was used for model calibration. Techniques were developed to identify trip origins and destinations from incomplete address information and to automatically validate reported trips. A bespoke trip planner was used to derive mode-specific station access variables and train leg measures. The results from a number of multinomial logit and random parameter (mixed) logit models are presented and their predictive performance assessed. The models were found to have substantially superior predictive accuracy compared to the base model (which assumes the nearest station has a probability of one), indicating that their incorporation into passenger demand forecasting methods has the potential to significantly improve model predictive performance.