Distance and time based road pricing trial in Dublin

The objective of the work was to evaluate the potential user response to distance and time based road pricing of a sample of individuals drawn randomly from a group of volunteers in Dublin. The road use pricing charge levels were selected to match the marginal external costs of car transport i.e. those costs not currently paid by the car user. Such costs include marginal external costs of congestion, air pollution and noise. The project formed part of the EU DGXVII EUROPRICE project where one of the objectives was to evaluate the impact of road use pricing on private transport demand. Estimates of the marginal external costs of car travel had been previously made for Dublin in an EU DGVII project entitled TRENEN II STRAN and the results were used to select the road pricing charges in the trial. The distance travelled and travel time of a particular individual's work trip were noted. Charges per unit distance and time were applied so that the individual would incur a total charge for their average peak period work trip of 6.4 euro; the average marginal external cost of a peak period trip in Dublin, as estimated by the TRENEN model. Although the sample of individuals was relatively small, the indications from the results are worthy of note and further investigation on a larger sample. A significant reduction in the number of peak period trips was evident, of the order of 22%, resulting from trip suppression and transfer to other modes. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

柴油机电控喷油系统标定

本文介绍了基于计算机控制的柴油机电控系统标定系统，通过优化过程获得最优标定结果的优化标定方法和基于模型在线优化标定策略，使用该标定系统标定柴油机电喷油系统，匹配６１１０柴油机和ＭＤ－ＴＩＣＳ喷油泵，在满足排放法规的前提下，获得了最佳经济性。     

双线铁路行车调度调整的优化方法

本文构造了双线铁路行车调度调整的优化模型，论证了该模型可不带任何离散型约束。设计了一个简单的求解策略。为了求解上述策略的子问题，即一个带“可选择约束”的线性规划问题，移植了高效的对偶算法交论证了其可行性，使得问题得到一个快速的算法。     

卡斯柯自主知识产权的iCMTC型CBTC信号系统

介绍卡斯柯信号有限公司自主化iCMTC型CBTC信号系统的系统架构、安全开发过程和高效工程化保证。iCMTC系统是在国外先进成熟系统之上自主创新开发而成,系统经过充分测试,获得SIL4安全认证,其系统具有安全、可靠、成熟的特点。     

基于二取二平台的计算机联锁软件异构性能分析及设计

为了提高联锁系统结构的效能,提出一种执行-监控的联锁结构。与同构、异构二取二结构相比,该结构在保证系统功能的前提下,通过降低软件复杂度的方法提升结构的可靠性,仿真对比实验结果表明,执行-监控软件的复杂度最低,仅为0.550,证明执行-监控结构的有效性。     

基于灰色层次分析法的CBTC系统风险综合评价

为了对CBTC(基于通信的列车控制)系统进行风险综合评估,在层次分析法(AHP)基础上,提出了基于灰色层次分析法(GAHP)的系统风险评估方法。根据专家打分法获得各指标的样本矩阵,通过灰类和相应的白化权函数处理样本矩阵,得出灰色评价矩阵,利用组合权重和灰色评价矩阵对系统风险进行了综合评估。通过对某公司的CBTC系统进行实例计算和评估,结果表明,在十分制的评价等级中,CBTC系统风险综合评价结果为8.0043分,即CBTC系统是低风险的系统,使用GAHP对CBTC系统进行风险综合评价的方法合理可行。     

SelTrac(R) MS技术国产化历程及其在南京机场线项目中的应用

CBTC(基于通信的列车控制)是当今我国城市轨道交通首选的列车控制系统技术方案.SelTrac MS技术是当今全球最先进的CBTC技术之一.介绍了SelTrac MS系统的架构、技术优势及其实现国产化的3个阶段.南京机场线项目的顺利交付证明:自仪泰雷兹完全掌握了SelTrac MS技术,这一国产化项目是成功的;其在SelTrac技术基础上开发的TSTCBTC 2.0系统能够满足用户需求.     

CBTC系统中2.4GHz WLAN技术的替代方案

介绍了2.4GHz WLAN技术的方案。简要介绍了裂缝波导管技术、泄漏同轴电缆技术,以及1.8GHz LTE技术、1.8GHz DVB-T技术、5.8GHz WLAN技术。分析了替代方案中的5.8GHz WLAN方案、信威400MHz方案、2.4GHz移频至1.8GHzWLAN方案、1.4GHz LTE方案及1.8GHz LTE方案,并对各方案进行比选,最终选定1.8GHz LTE方案作为最佳方案。     

A comparative study on fault detection methods of rail vehicle suspension systems based on acceleration measurements

Reliability of the railway vehicle suspension system is of critical importance to the safety of the vehicle. On-line health condition monitoring for the suspension system of rail vehicles offers a number of benefits such as preventing further deterioration of vehicle performance, enhancing vehicle safety, increasing operational reliability and availability, and reducing maintenance costs. It is desirable to timely detect the fault and monitor the performance degradation of vehicle suspension systems. In this paper, a comparative study on fault detection methods of urban rail vehicle suspension systems is considered. A novel sensor configuration is proposed where the underlying vehicle system is equipped with only acceleration sensors in the four corners of the carbody, the leading and trailing bogie, respectively. A mathematical model is developed for the considered vehicle suspension system. Both model-based and data-driven approaches are studied for the suspension fault detection problem. The robust observer, the Kalman filter combined with the generalised likelihood ratio test method, the dynamical principle components analysis and the canonical variate analysis approaches are applied to the fault detection problem. The simulation is carried out by means of the professional multi-body simulation tool, SIMPACK. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are compared. The simulation results show that the data-driven methods outperform the model-based methods.     

An integrated multi‐objective model to determine the optimal rescue path and traffic controlled arcs for disaster relief operations under uncertainty environments

This study proposes an integrated multi‐objective model to determine the optimal rescue path and traffic controlled arcs for disaster relief operations under uncertainty environments. The model consists of three sub‐models: rescue shortest path model, post‐disaster traffic assignment model, and traffic controlled arcs selection model to minimize four objectives: travel time of rescue path, total detour travel time, number of unconnected trips of non‐victims, and number of police officers required. Since these sub‐models are inter‐related with each other, they are solved simultaneously. This study employs genetic algorithms incorporated with traffic assignment and K‐shortest path methods to determine optimal rescue path and controlled arcs. To cope with uncertain information associated with the damaged network, fuzzy system reliability theory (weakest t‐norm method) is used to measure the access reliability of rescue path. To investigate the validity and applicability of the proposed model, studies on an exemplified case and a field case of Chi‐Chi earthquake in Taiwan are conducted. The performances of three rescue strategies: without traffic control, selective traffic control (i.e. the proposed model) and absolute traffic control are compared. The results show that the proposed model can maintain the efficiency of rescue activity with minimal impact to ordinary trips and number of police officers required.