基于BP人工神经网络的城市轨道交通线网规划的综合评价

城市轨道交通线网规划传统的评价方法主要有层次分析法和模糊综合评判法等,而这些评价方法因其不可避免的主观性而导致评价结果可靠性不高.本文采用BP人工神经网络模型对城市轨道交通线网的规划方案进行评价,有效避免了评价过程中人工过多参与造成的主观性偏差,并采用仿真软件验证其有效性和可行性.     

基于信息共享的城市轨道交通监控数据集成技术的研究

在分析城市轨道交通线网监控需求特征的基础上,提出了具有信息融合和基于共享平台的综合信息集成方案.通过探讨数据采集、处理、存储、服务、维护等多方面的信息共享机制,运用多种关键技术延伸了数据集成技术在运营管理监控中的功能.城市轨道交通监控数据的信息化深度集成对于提高网络运营管理水平和安全充分发挥了重要作用.     

解读CJ/T416—2012《城市轨道交通车辆防火要求》

在介绍CJ/T 416—2012《城市轨道交通车辆防火要求》制定背景和标准概况的基础上,从车辆防火等级判定原则、防火隔板设置要求、试验标准的确定、部件和材料的防火性能要求等方面,解读标准的技术关键内容,并提出标准的实施建议。     

城市轨道交通信号产品认证模式的研究

我国城市轨道交通事业发展迅速,为了规范产品市场准入,建立完善的产品认证制度非常必要。在对国内外铁路信号产品认证模式研究的基础上,探讨适合我国城市轨道交通信号产品的认证模式。针对信号产品安全需求难以完全通过产品检验进行验证的情况,提出采用独立安全评估的方法,并对城市轨道交通信号产品认证工作提出建议。     

Evaluating household residential preferences for walkability and accessibility across three U.S. regions

Accessibility has been established as a major planning goal in recent years. However, little knowledge exists regarding how individuals value walkability, transit accessibility, and auto accessibility differently when deciding where to live. To fill this knowledge gap, this study conducts residential location choice modeling across three U.S. regions—Atlanta, Puget Sound, and Southeast Michigan. I find that, overall, all three types of accessibility are important determinants of residential location choice. Transit accessibility has a statistically significant positive influence on residential location choice across all three regions. On auto accessibility, results show that commute time by auto has the greatest influence on residential location choice among all independent variables, but auto accessibility to nonwork destinations appears to be inconsequential. Moreover, walkability is found to be a key determinant of residential location choice in the Puget Sound region but not the other two regions. I argue that these regional differences result from a lack of choice among Atlanta and Southeast Michigan residents, that is, a undersupply of walkable neighborhoods inhibits households in the two regions from living in such neighborhoods. This finding suggests the need for cities and regions to promote pedestrian-oriented development in order to broaden residential choice. The results further imply that, due to housing-supply constraints, households often have to live in a neighborhood with a level of accessibility lower than what they prefer. Transportation and land-use planners should address this “residential dissonance” when applying residential location choice models to predict land-use growth patterns.     

The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000

Car dependence is in decline in most developed cities, but its cause is still unclear as cities struggle with priorities in urban form and transport infrastructure. This paper draws conclusions from analysis of data in 26 cities over the last 40 years of the 20th century. Statistical modelling techniques are applied to urban transport and urban form data, while examining the influence of region, city archetype and individual fixed effects. Structural equation modelling is employed to address causation and understand the direct and indirect effects of selected parameters on per capita vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT). Findings suggest that, while location effects are important, transit service levels and urban density play a significant part in determining urban car use per capita, and causality does flow from these factors towards a city’s levels of private vehicle travel as well as the level of the provision of road capacity.     

北京直径线盾构施工的关键技术

随着城市轨道交通事业的快速发展,盾构法施工技术在隧道建设中已得到广泛应用。结合北京站—北京西站地下直径线工程的盾构始发、盾构穿越护城河及下穿宣武门地铁站等施工实践,介绍在砂卵石地质条件下利用盾构法修建隧道的关键施工技术,以期为类似工程施工提供借鉴。     

哥本哈根TOD模式研究

在长远规划的指导下,哥本哈根利用公交引导城市发展的模式(TOD)构建了“手形”的城市形态和可持续的交通系统,放射形的轨道交通线网对引导城市有序扩张起到了决定性作用。以哥本哈根城市发展经验为例,结合国内城市的发展状况,提出了中国城市应该大力推广TOD模式,并特别提出了以快速公交系统引导城市发展的新理念。     

轨道交通可研方案调整与建设规划适应性分析方法探讨与实践

为了解决轨道交通工程项目可行性研究方案调整的合理性与合法性问题,根据轨道交通建设规划和工程项目可行性研究的特点,提出工程项目可行性研究方案调整与建设规划适应性分析的方法体系,包括两部分：第一部分是方案调整的多目标分析、综合比选的方案论证方法,第二部分是方案调整以后的线网构架、线路功能、服务水平等方面的建设规划适应性分析方法。该方法体系在厦门市轨道交通1号线一期工程可行性研究方案调整研究工作中得到应用,最终的研究成果获得了业内的广泛关注和好评。