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61.
公交场站设施是重要的城市基础设施.本文重点探讨城市公交场站设施规划建设方面的一些问题,包括公交场站发展的规模、场站规划设置标准、场站建设模式等,并提出了相关的意见和建议. 相似文献
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One main theme of European Union’s in transport policy statements has been the increased role of railways in the reducing environmental impacts and costs of transport activity. One option to increase the modal share of rail transport is to utilize the dry port concept, particularly applicable to general cargo. At the Port of Gothenburg (Sweden) use of this concept in combination with rail transport has led to a reduction of CO2 emissions, and lower transport energy costs. The main objective and motivation of this research work are to examine through analytical models, how this same dry port concept could be implemented in the Finnish transportation network, with estimates of the benefits being gained.The research method of this study is macro gravitational models of distribution. Main input data for the models are distances and population in the area. The approach aims to research, how relative transport costs behave by increasing the number of dry port distribution locations. For the actual computation work the authors apply linear integer programming. Based on the results, the authors argue that relative transport costs can decrease considerably by increasing the number of dry ports, up to the level of six locations. This is considerably less than what is the current situation in Sweden. The found solution also differs from Sweden as the fragmented Finnish seaport system enables using numerous seaports instead of one, which further decreases inland transportation distances and volumes considerably. At the same time forthcoming sulphur emission reduction regulation (for sea transports) might impact the transportation network structure by decreasing sea transport and the number of seaports used. This might lead to a further increase in land-based hinterland transport. 相似文献
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In this paper we present an activities-location choice model with endogenous price which simulates, based on Expected Random Utility principle, the behaviour of several agents of the urban system (e.g. the workers distinguished by income, the firms by economic sector) to estimate the spatial distribution of socio-economic activities within the study area as well as the impact of differential changes in accessibility on the dwelling price. The study area for this research is the metropolitan area of Napoli (South Italy), for which we show the results of the model estimation and the results of a “backcasting” analysis. 相似文献
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The project appraisal method in the Netherlands distinguishes direct effects, indirect distribution effects and indirect generative effects. Transport models are generally available for calculating the benefits of transport projects to travellers as part of the direct effects. The TIGRIS XL model, a Land-Use and Transport Interaction model, adds indirect distribution effects for the housing and labour market, by modelling changes in the spatial distribution of jobs and residents. This paper describes the current TIGRIS XL model and how it can be applied in the evaluation of transport projects. It refers to work done with the TIGRIS XL model to improve the calculation of the direct benefits by applying the so-called ‘logsum’ method. Finally it discusses ideas on how to extend the TIGRIS XL model to address indirect generative effects as well.The current TIGRIS XL model, its integration with the National Model System (the standard tool for the Dutch government to analyse the effects on passenger transport) and basic design principles are the starting point of such an exploration. These design principles include:
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- an emphasis on detail, both spatial as well as in socio-economic segments, to account for differences in the availability of choice alternatives and in choice behaviour, and to provide impacts by region and socio-economic group;
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- the requirement that the relationships used rest on an empirical foundation.
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基于我国道路货物运输的发展现状,以探索推行道路货物运输网络化的发展模式为主线,以提高道路货物运输组织效率和行业发展水平为最终目标,阐述道路货物网络化运输的概念及内涵,对网络化运输服务进行了划分,构建了我国推行道路货物网络化运输的两类发展模式,并利用图示和文字结合的方式对其进行了分析评价。 相似文献
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构建和完善港口基础设施系统投融资体制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析当前我国港口基础设施系统投融资体制现状的基础上,根据公共经济学理论对港口设施系统要素按投资来源、投资方式进行了合理划分,并充分借鉴国外港口建设的投融资体制,提出应根据不同类型项目分类融资的思想,最后给出了建立与完善市场经济条件下港口投融资体制的具体建议。 相似文献
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车路协同系统能实时获取车辆个体的运行状态信息,并能通过速度引导实现车辆与交通控制系统之间的动态交互,为交通信号控制提供了新的数据源和技术手段.分析了现有车路协同下交通信号控制方法存在的不足,引入基于时间窗的滚动预测方法,提出了改进的交叉口信号控制优化流程;将相位饱和度作为表征信号控制效果的指标,在考虑速度引导对车辆运行状态影响基础上,建立了车路协同环境下道路交叉口信号控制优化方法和模型.运用VISSIM软件进行了仿真实验,结果表明,本文方法优于感应控制方法,在各种交通流量下均能有效降低交叉口平均延误和停车次数. 相似文献