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91.
研究车路协同城市快速路与邻接交叉口主线分散换道和速度引导自适应控制方法. 对高饱和度入口匝道与邻接交叉口,提出主线分散换道自适应控制方法,依据合流区上游不同车道密度制定换道规则,以主线流量最大化为目标确定邻接交叉口相位相序;对出口匝道存在超长排队,提出主线速度引导自适应控制方法,依据主线上游车辆目的地确定速度引导策略,以出口匝道需求与通行能力相匹配为目标确定出口匝道关联相位优先权. 采用元胞自动机模型仿真验证,结果表明,所提方法与非协调控制、传统协调控制、车路协同交叉口自适应控制相比,区域流量分别提高17.38%、5.52%、10.06%,总时间消耗分别下降35.86%、 26.21%、17.39%. 相似文献
92.
Over one million workers commute daily to São Paulo City center, using different modes of transportation. The São Paulo subway network reaches 74.2 km of length and is involved in around 20% of the commuting trips by public transportation, enhancing mobility and productivity of workers. This paper uses an integrated framework to assess the higher-order economic impacts of the existing underground metro infrastructure. We consider links between mobility, accessibility and labor productivity in the context of a detailed metropolitan system embedded in the national economy. Simulation results from a spatial computable general equilibrium model integrated to a transportation model suggest positive economic impacts that go beyond the city limits. While 32% of the impacts accrue to the city of São Paulo, the remaining 68% benefit other municipalities in the metropolitan area (11%), in the State of São Paulo (12.0%) and in the rest of the country (45%). 相似文献
93.
This paper aims to adopt a critical stance on the relevance and interpretation of the recently emerging concepts of resilience and vulnerability in transportation studies. It makes a clear distinction between engineering and ecological interpretations of these concepts and offers a systematic typology of various studies in this field. A core element in the study is the linkage between the aforementioned concepts and connectivity/accessibility in transport networks. The methodological findings in the study are put in perspective by addressing also such concepts as robustness, reliability and friability of transport systems. 相似文献
94.
Monitoring pedestrian and cyclists movement is an important area of research in transport, crowd safety, urban design and human behaviour assessment areas. Media Access Control (MAC) address data has been recently used as potential information for extracting features from people’s movement. MAC addresses are unique identifiers of WiFi and Bluetooth wireless technologies in smart electronics devices such as mobile phones, laptops and tablets. The unique number of each WiFi and Bluetooth MAC address can be captured and stored by MAC address scanners. MAC addresses data in fact allows for unannounced, non-participatory, and tracking of people. The use of MAC data for tracking people has been focused recently for applying in mass events, shopping centres, airports, train stations, etc. In terms of travel time estimation, setting up a scanner with a big value of antenna’s gain is usually recommended for highways and main roads to track vehicle’s movements, whereas big gains can have some drawbacks in case of pedestrian and cyclists. Pedestrian and cyclists mainly move in built distinctions and city pathways where there is significant noises from other fixed WiFi and Bluetooth. Big antenna’s gains will cover wide areas that results in scanning more samples from pedestrians and cyclists’ MAC device. However, anomalies (such fixed devices) may be captured that increase the complexity and processing time of data analysis. On the other hand, small gain antennas will have lesser anomalies in the data but at the cost of lower overall sample size of pedestrian and cyclist’s data. This paper studies the effect of antenna characteristics on MAC address data in terms of travel-time estimation for pedestrians and cyclists. The results of the empirical case study compare the effects of small and big antenna gains in order to suggest optimal set up for increasing the accuracy of pedestrians and cyclists’ travel-time estimation. 相似文献
95.
This paper investigates the optimal deployment of static and dynamic charging infrastructure considering the interdependency between transportation and power networks. Static infrastructure means plug-in charging stations, while the dynamic counterpart refers to electrified roads or charging lanes enabled by charging-while-driving technology. A network equilibrium model is first developed to capture the interactions among battery electric vehicles’ (BEVs) route choices, charging plans, and the prices of electricity. A mixed-integer bi-level program is then formulated to determine the deployment plan of charging infrastructure to minimize the total social cost of the coupled networks. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate travel and charging plans of BEV drivers and the competitiveness of static and dynamic charging infrastructure. The numerical results on three networks suggest that (1) for individual BEV drivers, the choice between using charging lanes and charging stations is more sensitive to parameters including value of travel time, service fee markup, and battery size, but less sensitive to the charging rates and travel demand; (2) deploying more charging lanes is favorable for transportation networks with sparser topology while more charging stations can be more preferable for those denser networks. 相似文献
96.
赵文芝 《交通运输系统工程与信息》2005,5(6):31-36
介绍了北京市成立交通委员会后她作为首任交通委主任感觉到北京市的交通,一个突出的问题就是“堵”.但是“堵”实际上是现代化、城市化、机动化发展到今天各种矛盾的一个表象,到处堵车,“堵”字背后有很多复杂的原因,她分析了造成这些堵点的原因.还介绍了两年来北京市交委己完成了建立新dh京综合运输体系的规划,完成了《北京交通发展纲要》的编制工作.分析了北京交通现在存在着四个方面问题.即;1.北京交通城市规划建设和北京交通发展不协调;2.北京公共交通发展滞后且基础非常薄弱;3.北京交通基拙建设不配套,甚至不街接;4.北京交通存在着管理问题.在分析存在问题的原因后对如何解决北京交通问题她提出了首先是确定解决北京交通发展的两大战略,即对城市空间布局必须进行调整,把北京城市功能进行了定位,即国家首都、国际城市、历史城市、宜居城市;其次是要大力发展公共交通,建立以执道交通为骨干的公共交通体系,推行五项政策和七大行动,加快信息化与智能化建设,加强交通法制建设.还介绍了当前北京道路建设情况发言后回答了北京交通大学、重庆交通学院代表提出的发展公交、交通一体化以及北京城市和交通发展成功与失误等问题. 相似文献
97.
铁路是我国交通运输的大动脉,它的基础设施的稳定是保障运输安全畅通的前提.随着我国经济的高速发展,铁路网的建设也得到了相应的加强,铁路线路已经覆盖我国每个省区.但是随着铁路运营里程的增加,铁路基础设施受自然灾害的风险也在提高.因此加强铁路基础设施的抗灾减灾能力已是当前铁路运营管理中的重要任务.而做好这项工作的一个重要环节是保证铁路抗灾减灾资金的投入.本文采用系统工程、风险管理、环境工程的理论与方法在分析铁路抗灾减灾现状的基础上,对铁路受灾损失的成本计算方法进行了探讨,并对铁路基础设施抗灾减灾资金筹集和合理分摊的途径提出了政策建议. 相似文献
98.
铁路基础设施检测是铁路安全运行的保障和科学指导线路养护维修的重要依据,对我国铁路发展和长期安全运营具有重要意义。本文系统地介绍了铁路基础设施全寿命周期内联调联试阶段和运营阶段检测技术的创新与发展,以及对海量检测监测数据的分析运用。提出了基础设施检测监测技术发展方向,如检测装备统型融合和智能化发展、检测数据管理和分析共享平台建设、基础设施多源数据智能分析应用等,对完善我国铁路基础设施检测体系起到重要指引作用。 相似文献
99.
铁路运输线材采用的运输装载加固方式不当会导致产品外包装破损,甚至线材产品表面划伤,严重影响高端线材产品的工厂使用,针对帘线钢盘条铁路运输装载防护问题进行了研究,对现有运输中产品外包装形式、端面侧面防护及加固材料等提出相应的解决方案,以满足更多钢铁高端线材铁路运输安全、稳定、高效的需求。 相似文献
100.