A time‐staged multi‐objective network‐design model

A multi‐objective, time‐staged network‐design problem is formulated. Through transformation, the problem is decomposed into a set of single‐period, single‐objective problems. Lexicographic ordering is instrumental in effecting this transformation; it also allows a backward‐recursion algorithm to be applied using strong pruning criteria. Furthermore, monotonicity properties enable us to solve the problem using the familiar tree‐search algorithms. The solution method has several desirable properties — as shown by an example and a case study of Tripoli Province, Libya. First, the algorithm ensures continuity of project implementation over the multi time‐periods and provides optimality in later computational stages irrespective of the decision at an interim stage. Second, the algorithm tends to provide accessibility to unconnected regions in the study area at low user‐cost without employing weights to the two objective functions of accessibility and user‐cost efficiency. Such a property is deemed advantageous for suggesting transportation investments based purely on purchasing the greatest benefit for each dollar, with political neutrality strictly maintained.     

Impact of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems on residential location choice

The impacts of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) on urban development patterns were investigated in terms of households' residential location choice decisions. A discrete choice modelling approach framework was used. A stated preference (SP) logit analysis was carried out to estimate the parameters of the utility function. An attitude survey of employees of selected public and private sector organizations in the Ottawa-Carleton Region (Canada) yielded the required data for model estimation. In addition to obtaining background information, the survey elicited SP responses by presenting a number of hypothetical residential choice scenarios defined according to the principles of SP experimental design. Results show that telecommuting and ITS measures are highly significant factors in the residential choice model. This leads to the conclusion that these reinforce dispersed residential patterns and encourage moves towards outlying sites. Implications of this conclusion for urban land development planning are noted.     

Transportation and income inequality in China: 1978–2007

This paper mainly studies how various types of transportation modes are associated with income inequality in China for the years between 1978 and 2007. Gini coefficients are used to measure the income inequality nationwide, and within urban and rural areas of China. Factors other than transportation are also considered in the regression model, including a few demographic variables and major economic indicators. We contribute to the literature by examining the income redistributive effects of transport infrastructure and services, and providing transport planning and policy guidance which may alter the orientation of public policy and help alleviate the growing social and economic imbalance in China.     

Towards a better management of urban traffic pollution using a Pareto max flow approach

Rising levels of air pollution is a major concern across many parts of the world. In this article, we develop a transportation policy to handle air pollution caused by the heavy flow of traffic in urban areas. In particular, we aim to distribute the traffic flow more evenly through a city, by developing a flow algorithm that computes multiple solutions, each of which accommodates the maximum flow. The paper makes the following contributions to build such a transportation policy: (a) Develops a Pareto-optimal Max Flow Algorithm (PMFA) to suggest multiple max flow solutions. (b) Introduces the notion of k-optimality into PMFA to ensure that the suggested pareto solutions are sufficiently distinct from each other – referred to as Pareto-k-optimal Max Flow Algorithm (k-PMFA). (c) Through a series of experiments performed using the well-known traffic simulator SUMO and by doing emission modeling on the New York map, we could show that our policy distributes the air pollution more uniformly across locations.     

成都等交通物流融合发展经验与广州现代物流中心建设

本文根据实地调研成果,介绍了成都、重庆和郑州在建立健全物流管理体制机制、强化物流枢纽及通道功能、创新物流运输组织模式、物流标准化信息化、物流市场主体及产业培育等方面的先进经验,从加强政府顶层设计、完善物流枢纽和节点体系、促进物流枢纽互联互通、研究物流运输组织服务的新模式、打造“交通+物流+产业”的产业集群、提升物流标准化发展水平、出台促进物流降本增效的政策措施等七个方面总结了强化物流创新要素集聚,促进广州现代物流中心建设的经验和启示。     

湛茂阳城市带县域综合交通可达性研究

在借鉴已有研究成果的基础上,以湛茂阳城市带18个县域单位为研究对象,通过利用综合交通可达性指数及交通区位优势度、县域内交通连通度和对外通达性三个分指数,全面分析湛江国际机场搬迁前后湛茂阳城市带各县级行政区的交通可达性空间格局特征。结果表明:湛江国际机场搬迁后,湛茂阳城市带综合交通可达性得到明显提升,较高可达性市县区由7个增加至10个;表现出更强的空间集聚性和空间自相关,并且形成以湛江各区、茂南区和江城区为中心,沿海连续形成可达性高值带状片区。对湛茂阳城市带县域尺度综合交通可达性进行研究能够为区域协调均衡发展提供更好的理论和实践指导。     

构建行业继续教育体系积极推进"人才强交"战略

坚持科学的人才观,牢固树立人才资源是第一资源,加强加快专业技术人员等交通从业人员继续教育和职业培训改革与发展,推进继续教育体系构建和培训模式创新,对于实施"科教兴交、人才强交"战略,实现交通新的跨越式发展具有重要的意义.     

太原铁路局危险货物运输安全专项整治对策

阐述太原铁路局危险货物运输现状,分析当前危险货物运输安全管理中存在的主要问题,提出加强危险货物运输安全的措施：全部实现源头＂机控＂把关;危险货物运输清理工作应全部到位;全面推进安全现状综合分析和安全评价工作;提升危险货物运输风险控制管理水平;提高应急救援的装备和应对能力;完善危险货物运输培训覆盖面,提高培训水平。     

关于钦州港站路港联合扩大运量的思考

为适应广西钦州港的建设和发展,分析钦州港站铁路运输现状,通过扩能改造增加运能,挖潜提效抢占运输市场,联劳协作促进货物周转,实现路港联合提高货运量。提出路港联合共谋发展,优化铁路运输组织,建设现代物流体系,及时掌握货运市场信息,积极协调港口、客户、总代理与铁路之间的各种关系,扩大铁路港站运量等措施。     

客流饱和条件下轨道交通网络动态可达性分析

轨道交通客流的日益增长使乘客在网络上的出行可达性受到影响,当轨道交通处于客流饱和时乘客存在无法上车而被迫留乘的可能性。为分析轨道交通网络可达性的动态变化特征,建立考虑客流饱和条件下的轨道交通网络动态可达性的评价模型;模型以轨道交通网络拓扑结果作为可达性的空间特性,以列车运行计划作为其时间特性。在深圳轨道交通网络上进行案例分析,通过网络客流和列车运行计划,得到乘客在网络上的期望旅行时间,继而得到OD对及车站的可达性指标。结果表明,目前的轨道交通网络中客流需求更大的车站往往配备较好的列车运输能力,以提高可达性,但是受限于列车开行间隔,客流饱和条件下的部分热门车站动态可达性较低。提出可达性评价方法,可用于评价网络中的客流需求与列车运行计划的匹配程度。