道路运输企业质量评价体系研究

文章分析了现有道路运输企业质量评价体系的不足,提出了新的道路评价方法,为将来的道路运输管理和规划提供了一个基础。     

英国的客运交通发展及启示

作者考察了英国客运交通的发展情况,文章结合我国及广西的实际情况,就如何吸收和借鉴英国有益的经验和做法,提出了加快道路运输发展的措施和建议。     

Planning and Evaluation of Passenger Ferry Service in Hong Kong

A predominant observation in Hong Kong is the continuous loss in ferry patronage. There are two main reasons for this: poor level-of-service and better competitors. New roads, bridges, and tunnels are serving the buses, and to some extent the railways; whereas the investment in ferry terminals is relatively at a lower level. On the one hand, there is no need to promote the ferries in a free market environment; but on the other hand, the ferries have the best safety record, can only relieve some traffic congestion and need water access that is one of the characteristics of Hong Kong. The goal of this paper is to design a planning approach combined with an evaluation procedure on how to make the best use of the existing water and pier resources in Hong Kong through the provision of commercially viable ferry services. The approach used covers the impact of future developments planning up to 2006 comprising all public transport modes in Hong Kong (heavy rail, metro, bus, and ferry). The planning tool is based on a newly developed multi-objective evaluation method in order to assess the ferry routes with scientific, practical, and simplified analyses for future use. This assessment is applied to the existing ferry routes and candidate routes and can also be carried out on an individual route basis or on a given set of routes. The objective functions set forth analytically in the evaluation method take into account the interests of the three participants: the passengers, the operators and the government. The proposed ferry network design formulation and the suggested new ferry routes will have a positive impact on changing the ferry system’s image in Hong Kong.     

Experiential Incrementalism: On the Theory and Technique to Implement Transport Plans and Policies

The paper describes an approach to the vexing problem of transport planning and policy. It deals jointly with three questions, which in today's practice are addressed separately: How are hypotheses about transport problems and alternatives to their solution developed? How can a good plan or policy be identified? What is the process of implementing a transport plan or policy? In doing this the paper has the ambitious objective of proposing a new model and process for transport planning and policy. It is applicable in developed and developing countries and is not restricted to the transport sector. The paper builds on, and is a reinterpretation of two cornerstone transport planning and decision-making models – the CATS (Chicago Area Transportation Study) Planning and Design Model and Braybrooke and Lindblom's Disjointed Incrementalism. It advances a technique of experiential incrementalism (termed polisanalysis) to develop and implement plans and policies. It proposes that problems should be diagnosed by observation and continuous data collection; that their continuous analysis, finding the “cure”, and implementation take place through the method of experiential incrementalism. In this method interventions are grounded on the theories of neoinstitutional economics and psychoanalysis and derived using contact function, explained in the paper, which renders the method scientific replicability. Experiential incrementalism can employ a wider array of options in planning and policy than is presently thought possible. Like other scientific methods, its application requires rigorous training.     

城市公共交通发展策略探讨

解决城市交通问题的重要途径就是发展公共交通,而合理规划城市公交方式和进行有效的管理是保证公交效率的重要环节。该文对城市合理选择公共交通方式、公交运营模式和ITS技术在公共交通中的应用等方面进行了分析,对现代化城市公共交通发展的策略进行了探讨。     

做好城市防洪规划保障城市稳步发展

本文简要介绍城市防洪与城市发展的关系 ,说明城市防洪必须首先做好规划 ,并以实例作分析与说明 ;对做好城市防洪提出几点意见与建议。     

浅谈移动通信规划的几个问题

结合在深圳、温州等地区的规划经验 ,总结提炼出在移动通信规划中负荷预测的方法 ,并在城市道路、管网规划等方面提出了自己的见解和观点 ,对城市建设中移动通信产业的管理及规范发展提供了一些可借鉴的经验。     

关于城市道路规划设计几个问题的探讨

本文主要论述城市道路规划设计应正确认识道路环境、道路功能、重视道路等级与里程长度以及路口与路段通行能力的协调配合。     

Sustainability and automobility among the elderly: An international assessment

In the next three decades there will a huge increase in both the absolute number of older people and in their percentage of the populationin almost all Western European countries, North America, and Australia. Most older people will have active lifestyles in which mobility and access play a major role and almost all older men and a majority of older women will be car drivers, used to the convenience and flexibility which the car provides.Using data from the US, Australia, Germany, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom, the paper shows that, in spite of cultural and policy differences, older people around the world are more likely to have a license, to take more trips, and to do so more often as the driver of a car than older people just a decade ago; they are also less likely to use public transit. These trends have a number of sustainability implications – the most obvious one is increased environmental pollution. For example, even though older people may travel less than younger drivers they may be polluting proportionately more because a) they are less likely to make as great a proportion of trips in public transit as younger people and b) the trips they do make may create more pollutants. In addition, older drivers may incur more wasted miles due to wayfinding errors and trip-scouting behavior. And when older people curtail their driving, younger family members may have to increase (or lengthen) their trip-making to provide needed services or additional transportation.While this paper stresses the environmental problems posed by an aging population, effective strategies arise from a focus on a broader definition of sustainability. The most important approach is to accept the inevitable and work to make the private car "greener" and safer. New transit service concepts and strategic community and neighborhood design and service elements can complement the development of cleaner cars.Although many of the potential strategies are not new, or can be expensive to implement, the convergence of environmental concerns with other problems arising from the automobility of the elderly – including increasing crash rates and serious loss of mobility among those unable to drive – may make these policies more politically viable than in the past.     

电气化公路技术研究

交通是能源消纳的重要领域，其对社会能源结构的调整和节能减排具有重要的影响和带动作用。在陆路交通方面，轨道交通和小型客运车辆的电气化发展方向相对清晰，而公路货运尚无明确的技术路线。为充分利用清洁能源，减少化石能源在交通领域中的使用，发展并推广电气化公路技术，对重载卡车的蓄电池、燃料电池、混合动力3种电气化方案进行对比分析，结合卡车负载的特点，对不同电气化方案进行评估。研究融合新能源发电及并网、混合动力技术、智能驾驶技术的电气化公路技术，从车辆动力技术、供电线路、受电弓与计费、新能源并网、编组智能驾驶运行5个方面对电气化公路方案进行介绍，可以实现公路货运系统的绿色、安全、高效运行。以10公里线路电气化为例，进行规划和成本估算，构建单车和区域（或路段）电气化的运营成本计算模型，基于燃油消耗和阻力分析2种方法进行计算。对车辆购置及改装、基础设施建设、可再生能源发电、系统环保效益等4个方面进行技术分析与成本测算。从供能技术变革、商业模式和推广路线3个角度对电气化公路技术的未来推广进行论证展望。研究结果表明：电气化公路技术的应用与规模化能够带来巨大的经济与环境收益，其中的混合动力方案与架空线输电方案为面对未来可能的储能技术变革与无线输电普及打下重要的基础，提供了拓展空间，也是重载货车实现智能驾驶的重要步骤；与燃油驱动相比，电驱动百公里成本减少96元，单一重卡年运营成本减少18.8万元，百公里污染物（如：碳氧化物、氮氧化物等）均减少50%以上。