重载组合式列车卸车站平面布置方案研究

重载运输是现代货运发展的方向,卸车站作为重载铁路运输通道上的关键节点,对通道运输能力具有重要影响.从货物运输组织模式、站内主要技术作业内容和卸车站能力3个方面阐述重载组合式列车卸车站平面布置方案的影响因素,提出重载组合式列车车场布置形式,以及卸车站基本平面布置可以采用尽头式和环形式2种布置图型.结合实例,在调机、本务机...     

湖北沪渝高速长大纵坡交通安全改造方案

文章主要对山区高速公路长度较大,且坡度较陡路段的交通事故分析,捋清各种事故的共同特点和诱发因素,从事故状况、路线状况、事故原因分析、交通设施的角度对湖北沪渝高速公路鄂西段提出了安全改造方案,由于运营的原因,现在进行安全改造不太可能采用路线的措施。上面所提到的措施可以同时运用,也可以选用其中一种或几种,都将在一定程度上减少事故次数、降低事故严重程度。在此基础上,为鄂西段高速公路的安全管理提出一些参考建议,为高速公路长大下坡路段的安全设计与风险管控提供有益的指导。     

Sustainability and interactivity between cities and ports: a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach

Ports and cities are intrinsically linked. Port city, which serves as a link between the local and global economy, is an integration of both urban and port systems. Constrained by different regional structures, port cities have developed various formulations over time. Using a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, this paper proposes a new method for measuring the sustainable development of different port city systems. While the previous empirical studies often separate the port system and the urban system, this paper assesses the two systems in an integrated way. Moreover, this paper develops a systematic methodology for measurement of sustainability. Twenty world-leading container port cities are selected for this study using contemporary data. The DEA results display their relative differences in levels of sustainable development, which reveal the effectiveness of the prevailing policies in them. Eventually, recommendations are drawn for other port cities by referring to the best practices.     

交通土建类工程造价专业工学结合人才培养模式研究

文章介绍了广西交通职业技术学院交通土建类工程造价专业工学结合人才培养模式的实践现状,分析了开展工学结合人才培养模式中出现的问题,提出了工学结合人才培养模式有效运行的措施。     

Multiple criteria optimization method for the vehicle assignment problem in a bus transportation company

A vehicle assignment problem (VAP) in a road, long‐haul, passenger transportation company with heterogeneous fleet of buses is considered in the paper. The mathematical model of the VAP is formulated in terms of multiobjective, combinatorial optimization. It has a strategic, long‐term character and takes into account four criteria that represent interests of both passengers and the company's management. The decision consists in the definition of weekly operating frequency (number of rides per week) of buses on international routes between Polish and Western European cities. The VAP is solved in a step‐wise procedure. In the first step a sample of efficient (Pareto‐optimal) solutions is generated using an original metaheuristic method called Pareto Memetic Algorithm (PMA). In the second step this sample is reviewed and evaluated by the Decision Maker (DM). In this phase an interactive, multiple criteria analysis method with graphical facilities, called Light Beam Search (LBS), is applied. The method helps the DM to define his/her preferences, direct the search process and select the most satisfactory solution.     

积极推广应用西部项目成果促进广西交通事业发展

文章介绍了近几年广西交通厅在推广应用和加快西部科技项目成果转化方面采取的措施,阐述了积极推广应用西部项目成果对促进广西交通事业发展的意义。     

Impact of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems on residential location choice

The impacts of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) on urban development patterns were investigated in terms of households' residential location choice decisions. A discrete choice modelling approach framework was used. A stated preference (SP) logit analysis was carried out to estimate the parameters of the utility function. An attitude survey of employees of selected public and private sector organizations in the Ottawa-Carleton Region (Canada) yielded the required data for model estimation. In addition to obtaining background information, the survey elicited SP responses by presenting a number of hypothetical residential choice scenarios defined according to the principles of SP experimental design. Results show that telecommuting and ITS measures are highly significant factors in the residential choice model. This leads to the conclusion that these reinforce dispersed residential patterns and encourage moves towards outlying sites. Implications of this conclusion for urban land development planning are noted.     

TRIP DISTRIBUTION MODELLING USING FUZZY LOGIC AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM

This article examines possibilities for the application of soft computing techniques for the prediction of travel demand. The model, based on fuzzy logic and a genetic algorithm, successfully solves the trip distribution problem. The possibilities of using the proposed model in solving trip generation, modal split and route choice problems have also been indicated. The model has been tested on a real numerical example. Exceptionally good correspondences between estimated and real values of passenger flows have been obtained.     

Resolving the property right of transportation emissions through public–private partnerships

The application of public–private partnerships (P3’s) in the transportation sector has grown in popularity worldwide. Despite this important shift in the provision of transportation service, there are clear gaps in knowledge about the impacts of P3 projects, especially on emissions from transportation systems as a whole. Not only should policy makers evaluate the emissions impacts from P3 projects, but they should also think about innovative models that address or charge for emissions into P3 contracts. This addition to P3 contracts could provide a new solution to the long-existing property right paradox: who owns (is responsible for) emissions from transportation systems? This study attempts to fill the research gap by analyzing these innovative models. Using the road network of Fresno, California, as our case study, we offer a number of interesting insights for policy makers. First, average peak emissions costs range from 1.37 cents per mile (the do-nothing case) to 1.20 cents per mile (profit-maximizing cases) per vehicle. Although emissions costs from the P3 projects are lowest for the profit-maximizing cases, the system-wide emissions costs of these cases are highest because of spillover effects. Second, charging project owners for the emissions costs of P3 projects is not an effective way to reduce emissions or the total costs of travel, especially on a VMT basis. Instead, the public sector should implement emissions-included social cost-based price ceilings. When employing these limits, project owners could still be charged for the emissions costs. Finally, using total travel time as the only objective function for evaluating P3 projects can be misleading. Several P3 projects have shown better outcomes using total travel cost with the inclusion of emissions and fuel consumption costs, instead of using total travel time as the only objective function.     

大城市客运交通结构优化模型研究

城市客运交通结构是关系城市交通系统发展方向的核心问题。从城市交通可持续发展角度出发建立了大城市客运交通结构优化的线性规划模型,其中决策变量为城市客运交通系统中各种交通方式的周转量。该模型的目标为最大化城市客运交通效率,该交通效率不是简单的各种交通方式客运周转量的函数,而是由各种交通方式的客运周转量和各种交通方式对城市客运交通效率贡献率共同决定。同时考虑客运交通结构优化过程中应满足的出行需求总量约束、可达性约束、占地约束、能耗约束、环境容量约束和各种交通方式发展规模约束等。该模型在实际应用中取得了良好的效果。