车道偏离预警算法研究

为提高车辆行驶的主动安全性,文章根据车辆偏离速度将TLC算法和FOD算法相结合,针对车道偏离预警系统提出了多模式车道偏离预警算法,并搭建Simulink模型,结合Carsim进行联合仿真实验。仿真结果表明,提出的算法能更好的进行车道偏离预警。     

An impact analysis of traffic image information system on driver travel choice

A driver is one of the main components in a transportation system that influences the effectiveness of any active demand management (ADM) strategies. As such, the understanding on driver behavior and their travel choice is crucial to ensure the successful implementation of ADM strategies in alleviating traffic congestion, especially in city centres. This study aims to investigate the impact of traffic information dissemination via traffic images on driver travel choice and decision. A relationship of driver travel choice with respect to their perceived congestion level is developed by an integrated framework of genetic algorithm–fuzzy logic, being a new attempt in driver behavior modeling. Results show that drivers consider changing their travel choice when the perceived congestion level is medium, in which changing departure time and diverting to alternative roads are two popular choices. If traffic congestion escalates further, drivers are likely to cancel their trip. Shifting to public transport system is the least likely choice for drivers in an auto-dependent city. These findings are important and useful to engineers as they are required to fully understand driver (user) sensitivity to traffic conditions so that relevant active travel demand management strategies could be implemented successfully. In addition, engineers could use the relationships established in this study to predict drivers’ response under various traffic conditions when carrying out modeling and impact studies.     

基于迷宫问题遗传算法的复合材料铺层数量优化

研究使用最少铺层数量,使产品达到性能指标的复合材料铺层优化问题。使用遗传算法,参考迷宫问题的解决方法,保留普通遗传算法的框架,改变求染色体的适应度值的计算过程,找出满足要求的最少铺层数量的解。在求适应度值过程中增加逐位解释环节,以得不同铺层数量的解。在求适应度值过程中增加解码、剔除无效项、对称环节,以满足复合材料铺层角角度离散、铺层角要少于4层连续相同、对称这些常见要求。结合示例,指出将逐位解释范围分段,可以提高计算效率。该方法实现了对复合材料产品的铺层数量和角度的同时优化,可以实现产品的经济性和轻量化。     

An integrated programming model for storage management and vehicle scheduling at container terminals

In this paper, we study the optimization of yard operations, which are critical for the terminal efficiency. A linear mixed integer programming (MIP) model is proposed for scheduling different types of equipment and planning the storage strategy in an integrated way. We also investigate a nonlinear mixed integer programming (NLMIP) model to reduce the number of constraints and the computational time. A set of numerical results are carried out for the comparison between the linear model and the nonlinear model. Finally, we propose a genetic algorithm for the MIP model to illustrate how large scale problems can be solved and to show the effect of different factors on the performances of the optimization model.     

Future electricity demand from battery‐powered vehicles

An important decision faced by airline schedulers is how to adapt the flight schedule and aircraft assignment to unforeseen perturbations in an established schedule. In the face of unforeseen aircraft delays, schedulers have to decide which flights to delay, and when delays become excessive, which to cancel. Current scheduling models deal with simple decision problems of delay or cancellation, but not with both simultaneously. But in practice the optimal decision may involve results from the integration of both flight cancellations and delays. In Part I of this paper, a quadratic programming model for the integration decision problem is given. The model can formulate the integration of flight cancellations and delays as well as some special cases, such as the ferrying of surplus aircraft and the possibility of swapping different types of aircraft. In this paper, based on the special structure of the model, an effective algorithm is presented, sufficient computational experiments are conducted and some results are reported. These show that we can expect to obtain a sufficiently good solution in terms of reasonable CPU time.     

喷射机械手智能控制系统与喷射路径规划设计研究

为提高隧道施工中混凝土喷射的效率与质量,减轻劳动强度并使作业人员远离喷射区域,在机械化操作的基础上,研发喷射机械手智能化控制系统,对智能化控制系统的构成、各子系统的原理与作用进行介绍。喷射机械手智能化控制系统采用全站仪作为测量仪器,采用定位算法计算隧道大地坐标系与湿喷机基坐标系之间的转换关系; 采用三维激光扫描仪获取待喷面的点云空间坐标,计算待喷面的超欠挖信息; 利用机器人学建立喷射机械手运动学模型,设计正解算法与逆解算法计算喷射机械手的空间位姿,并根据目标空间位姿反算喷射机械手各关节运动值的路径规划系统。工程实践结果表明： 智能化喷射控制系统可以对周边环境进行识别,根据识别结果规划喷射路径,并根据不同区域的超欠挖情况动态控制喷射参量。     

全局优化算法在船舶结构优化设计中的应用

为了提高船舶龙骨结构在受力过程中应力分布的均匀性和提高材料的利用率,本文采用Hypermesh软件建立了龙骨结构有限元模型,并结合其MORPH功能定义筋板形状变量,建立形状优化模型。随后,将全局优化算法与形状优化模型相结合,对船舶龙骨结构进行优化设计。结果表明,在筋板交错位置增加筋板高度能够有效提升龙骨结构整体刚度,其余位置可以采用较小的筋板高度。本文研究可为船舶龙骨结构改进设计提供参考。     

考虑风险阈值的物流基础设施网络布局模型

在将类似问题总结为考虑风险阈值的物流基础设施网络布局模型(Logistics Infrastructure Network Model under the Risk Threshold:LINM-RT)的基础上,把物流网络上的设施分为两种:“不可靠物流设施”和“可靠物流设施”.模型考虑了设施的最优数量和布局方案,研究拟通过各个设施对消费者需求的配送情况和设施类型的不同给出不同设施的布局方案,分析中断风险概率和消费者的需求对布局产生的影响和表现.分析了在已知条件充足的情况下,如何将LINM-RT模型简化为经典的无设施容量限制设施布局问题模型,并用拉格朗日松弛算法快速地去求解LINM-RT模型.研究结果证明了风险阈值的存在,用算例进一步说明在不同风险概率下物流基础设施网络布局选择是不同的.     

分块组合搜索的结构稀疏人脸识别模型

介绍一种新的稀疏表示人脸识别模型,在经典的稀疏表示分类模型基础上,利用数据字典的结构信息,考虑算法实现的可行性,提出了一种分块组合搜索的稀疏表示人脸识别模型,主要思想是将数据字典按类别自然分块,然后在数据块内进行组合搜索,再联合不同类别的组块,以寻找表示能力最强的组块。为验证模型的性能,使用结构贪婪算法实现分块组合搜索方法和其他的结构稀疏方法,并进行比较,实验显示分块组合搜索的人脸识别率高于其他结构稀疏方法,且此方法性能稳定,不受数据字典排列的影响。     

专业化分工粒子群优化算法在地铁列车运行调整中的应用

地铁列车运行调整是一个大规模、复杂的组合优化问题,该问题的特点是有庞大的搜索空间和众多的约束条件,故要快速地获得其最优解尤为困难。在该问题基础上,建立优化列车运行调整模型。对此模型进行优化求解过程中,提出一种基于专业化分工的粒子群优化算法。在仿真过程中,选取数据是沈阳地铁二号线某工作日。实验显示,该算法能较好地适用于解决列车运行调整问题,且其在此过程中表现出来的特征是收敛速度快、计算效果好。