钢护筒与钢筋混凝土结构承载力试验研究

为了研究钢护筒与内部钢筋混凝土(RCFST)联合受力的机理和破坏模式,以果园港二期工程桩基为原型,开展钢结构与钢筋混凝土结构协同受力机理及其设计优化技术的研究。以钢护筒厚度、配筋率、配箍率为变量,进行RCFST结构短柱轴压试验。根据不同参数构件的试验结果,分析RCFST结构的破坏模式及受力机理。试验结果表明:RCFST短柱结构中,钢护筒与箍筋对核心混凝土均有约束作用,且双重约束效应明显,钢护筒与箍筋对核心混凝土的约束效应可以有效地抑制混凝土裂缝开展,使得钢护筒较传统的钢管混凝土结构具有更高的承载力以及更好的塑性和韧性;在钢护筒具有足够的约束效应时,钢护筒、混凝土及纵筋均在试件破坏时达到屈服,材料性能得以充分利用。     

铁路大跨度劲性骨架拱桥外包混凝土浇筑方案分析

为保证一座新建铁路主跨337 m上承式劲性骨架混凝土拱桥主拱圈外包混凝土安全顺利施工,采用MIDAS/Civil建立施工阶段三维有限元模型,分析了不同纵向分段、横向分环浇筑方案对劲性骨架受力及挠度的影响.研究结果表明:采用多工作面浇筑可显著降低拱脚应力,改善主拱变形,但增加工作面对拱顶受力有利也有弊;增加截面横向分环可有效降低结构应力;综合考虑外包混凝土浇筑过程中的结构应力、变形、建设工期和大型临时设施的成本,采用三环六面法浇筑外包混凝土方案.     

Through-wall yield ductile burst pressure of high-grade steel tube and casing with and without corroded defect

Service environment of tube and casing in deep and ultra-deep well is getting more and more complicated, and the internal pressure applied to tube and casing is higher, so that the high-grade steel tube and casing (HGTC) made of ductile material is widely used. Obviously, the calculation of ductile burst pressure for HGTC is one of the key factors in design and important to safe and efficient development of unconventional oil and gas resources. Here, based on the failure principle of through-wall yield and unified yield criterion, the unified formula of through-wall yield ductile burst pressure (TYBP) for tube and casing under practical service condition which can be used to calculate TYBP of API HGTC and non-API HGTC accurately and reasonably by using true material parameters, has been deduced in this paper with due consideration of the effect of Bauschinger effect (BE), material hardening and intermediate principal stress (IPS) on the TYBP, by which the influence rules of BE, IPS and yield criterion on TYBP of tube and casing have been investigated.（The effect of lattice effect (BE), material hardening and intermediate principal stress (IPS) on TYBP is accurately and reasonably derived from non-API HGTC by using real material parameters. The value of BE, IPS and the TYBP yield criterion of pipe and casing are studied. Eight kinds of classic through-wall yield ductile burst formulas for tube and casing made of new material have been be derived from a series of yield criterion, by which TYBP model of HGTC with and without corrosion defect has been established based on weighted twin shear stress yield criterion. The calculation results of TYBP model presented by this paper are the closest to the full-scale burst experimental data than the other burst models, which can provide an important reference for burst pressure design and estimation of HGTC in deep and ultra-deep well.     

钢管混凝土拱桥局部脱空二次灌浆技术

钢管混凝土拱桥管内混凝土局部脱空是一个常见且复杂的工程问题,以目前的设计、施工和材料水平还不可避免,为减少其影响,必须进行处理,而二次灌浆是目前最简便而行之有效办法.对脱空较小的情况下,二次灌浆如何选择灌浆材料、配合比、设备和工艺进行研究讨论,成功实施后,给出推荐意见,既可用于施工期间也可用于运营期间管内混凝土局部脱空处理.     

圆形钢套管加固钢筋混凝土短柱的轴心受压性能

为了研究圆形钢套管加固钢筋混凝土柱的基本力学性能,对1根未加固的普通钢筋混凝土短柱和4根圆形钢套管加固钢筋混凝土短柱,进行了在不同加固钢套管厚度以及初始轴压比下的轴心受压试验,初始轴压力通过对未加固构件施加后张预应力来进行模拟.在试验研究的基础上,根据叠加法与极限平衡法建立了圆形钢套管加固钢筋混凝土短柱的轴压承载力公式.研究结果表明:加固构件的承载力与延性均比未加固构件大大提高;同时随着钢套管厚度的增加,加固构件的承载力不断增大,而构件的延性却变化不大,初始轴压力对加固构件的承载力影响微小.利用2种方法计算的加固短柱承载力与试验结果吻合均较好,但是叠加法更为简单,计算结果更准确.     

钢管初应力对钢管混凝土单圆管拱极限承载力影响的研究

钢管混凝土这种组合材料以其自身的优势,推动了钢管混凝土拱桥的大发展;对于大跨度拱桥而言,由此带来不可避免的初应力问题.利用数值分析的方法,建立了实体-梁单元法,选择了核心混凝土与钢管的本构关系,推导了弹塑性切线刚度矩阵,在此基础上利用Visual Fortran语言编写了极限承载力的计算程序,通过引入初应力系数的概念,探讨了不同初应力系数对极限承载力的影响,给出了单拱肋拱桥初应力的限值,对研究钢管初应力对钢管混凝土拱桥极限承载力影响具有一定的指导意义.     

纳米流体水平管内沸腾流型的模拟研究

利用UDF编程定义纳米流体相变源项,对Al2O3-H2O纳米流体在水平管内的沸腾过程进行了数值模拟,分析研究了纳米流体在水平管内沸腾的流型特点,结果表明水平管内沸腾蒸发产生的相变含气率沿着管长方向不断增加,但相同截面位置纳米流体的含气量高于纯水的含气量,有助于强化流体的扰动与混合。对于不同浓度的Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的流型研究表明：颗粒浓度对于纳米流体管内沸腾过程的影响不大。随后将纳米流体与纯水的流型进行比较,结果表明Al2O3-H2O纳米流体使得管内沸腾更剧烈,也更容易沸腾,这将改善水平圆管的流动特性。     

小口径水平固定管组合焊技术探索

文章针对小口径水平固定管组合焊,研究了其焊前清理、焊接装配、焊接方法（焊条电弧焊和TIG焊）、工艺参数、操作方法、焊接检验等方面技术,对提高焊接质量具有一定的应用价值。     

How tube strikes affect macroscopic and link travel times in London

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the five strikes on the London Underground (metro) rail system, which occurred in 2009 and 2010, on macroscopic and road link travel times. A consequence of these strikes was an increase in road traffic flows above usual levels. This provides an opportunity to observe the operation of the road network under unusually high flows. The first objective involves the examination of strike effects on inbound (IT) and outbound traffic (OT) within central, inner and outer London. Travel time data obtained from automatic number plate recognition cameras are used within the first part of the analysis. The second more detailed objective was to investigate in spatio-temporal effects on travel times on five road links. Correlation analyses and general linear models are developed using both traffic flow and travel time data. According to the results of the study, the morning IT had approximately twice as much delay as the OT. Central London experienced the highest delays, followed by inner and outer London. As would be expected, the unique full-day strike in 2009 yielded the worst impact on the network with the highest percentage increase in total travel time (60%) occurring during the morning peak in the IT in inner London. The results from the link-level analysis showed statistical significance amongst the examined links indicating heterogeneous effects from one link to another. It was also found that travel time changes may be more effectively captured through time-of-day terms compared to hourly traffic flows.     

环形翅片管自然对流传热特性的数值模拟研究

利用FLUENT数值模拟方法,研究了自然对流条件下环形翅片管几何参数对其对流换热性能的影响。结果表明:随翅片间距的增大,单位长度散热量先增大后减小,表面平均自然对流换热系数及单位面积散热量先增大后基本稳定不变;翅片厚度对换热性能的影响随间距变化而变化。通过模拟计算,为自然对流条件下翅片管的优化设计提供了参考。