挡土墙工程质量通病的治理

通过分析挡土墙工程质量通病的主要表现形式及种类,剖析其产生的原因,针对性地提出治理措施。     

高黎贡山隧道复杂地质条件下敞开式TBM施工关键技术研究

高黎贡山隧道地质条件极其复杂,可总结为"三高四活跃"。其中,高地热、高地应力、多断层破碎带、高压突涌水是制约TBM施工质量和安全的主要地质因素,将给TBM施工带来不可预估的风险。为了减少以上地质问题带来的TBM施工风险,通过资料查阅、调研国内外现有的TBM施工案例、专家咨询研讨、设计高适应性的TBM,并结合工程目前的施工状况,提出了TBM超前地质预报、钢筋排和钢拱架联合喷射混凝土及时支护、合理调整掘进参数等一系列确保TBM连续施工的方案与措施。研究结果可为即将进场施工的TBM提供理论参考。     

生态加筋土挡墙在高填方给水工程中的应用研究

针对市政给水等工程中出现的高填方区域,部分挡墙的设计高度超过12 m,甚至达到20~30 m,其自身的稳定、安全在工程设计中至关重要。鉴于实际工程建设中诸多因素的制约和影响,结合山东省某山地净水厂工程实例,围绕生态加筋土挡墙的设计与应用,以传统重力式挡墙为对照,从结构特点、稳定性、经济性、生态性及施工难度等方面进行了全面分析研究,并总结了生态加筋土挡墙在高填方给水工程中应用的优势,可为类似工程提供参考、借鉴。     

浅谈隧道工程塌方的预防及处理方法

在施工中要采取有效的措施来预防塌方的发生，当在施工中不可避免地出现塌方的时候，能够提出合理的处理方法和步骤。介绍了隧道工程预防塌方的施工措施及隧道发生塌方后的处理方法。     

带卸荷板的方块码头墙身位移对墙后土压力的影响

土压力与挡土墙体的位移密切相关,现行规范中采用主动土压力理论计算带卸荷板的方块码头墙后土压力是不完全准确的。根据此类码头结构特点,对地基条件好、基床厚度薄的方块码头墙身位移特性进行论述,对规范方法提出修正意见。依托于某工程实例,采用数值分析方法对码头墙身位移和墙后土压力进行模拟,并与规范公式计算结果进行对比,得出墙底处修正系数可取1.84,卸荷板处可取1.34,可为类似特点的工程土压力计算提供参考。     

平面二维k-ε紊流模型不同壁函数的对比及研究

在平面二维紊流模型中壁函数起到连接流固的桥梁作用,克服了边界附近网格过密的困难,也是紊流模型应用中的一个重要环节,因此壁函数的选择对模型的模拟结果起着至关重要的作用。将3种不同形式的壁函数引入平面二维k-ε模型中,对丁坝绕流进行了数值计算,并将计算结果与实测数据进行了对比,从流场、流速、紊动动能分布及紊动耗散率等方面对3种壁函数进行优选验证,结果表明对数率壁函数优于其他两种形式的壁函数,其数值计算结果更接近实测数据。     

Mechanism of Tunnel Water Inflow Caused by Bending Failure of a Waterproof Dike Based on a Circular Thin Plate Mechanical Model北大核心CSCD

Water bursts during tunnel construction endanger construction, and it is therefore necessary to reserve a waterproof dike with the required thickness to avoid water bursts and to take reinforcement of the dike and treatment of the structure liable to trigger a water burst. Using the water burst at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel of the Shanghai-Chengdu expressway as an example, and considering the type of tunnel section and the upright mudstone of the dike, the waterproof dike at the work face is simplified as a round thin plate. A formula for the calculation of a minimum safety thickness for the critical waterproof dike is deduced by analyzing the force applied on the water-proof dike, and the minimum safety thickness for the water burst section at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is cal-culated. The numerical simulation analysis demonstrates the critical thickness of waterproof dike at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is 1.4-1.55 m, and the calculated water inflow and water burst basically agree with the actual condition. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Analysis on the Characteristics and Development Trends of the Support Technology of High Ground Stress Tunnels in China北大核心CSCD

Combining the present situation and development trend of different tunnel support technologies at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems of rockburst in hard rock tunnels and large deformation in soft rock tunnels caused by high ground stress. It is concluded that: 1) regarding the rockburst problem, the current support technology is mainly influenced by the rock burst mechanism which is dominated by static factors, and so the used support components are generally of smaller deformation performance and "passive support" properties; 2) as the rockburst is the result of dynamic-static stress coupling, and only the anchor bolt has the "active support" attribute in the current "shotcrete+anchor bolt+wire net" support system, so the best support system should have the two functions of active support and energy release in terms of the rockburst problem, and the key focus of the research and development is anchorage members; 3) there are three main support types for large deformation in soft rock tunnels, e.g. the heavy support, layered support and yielding support. Among them, the heavy support system in underground cavern with large deformation is easy to induce excessive surrounding rock pressure, and so the applicable conditions are limited. The layered support system is still not the best choice due to its immature theoretical study, difficult determination of the thickness value and the installation time of each support layer and the interference to construction progress. With the characteristics of timely support and yielding while supporting, the yielding support system can give full play to the performance values of surrounding rocks and supporting materials, and make both of them reach the optimal state, so it is the best choice for supporting the soft rock tunnels with large deformations. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Numerical Simulation of Advanced Geological Forecasting Based on Multi- Source Seismic Interferometry北大核心CSCD

For existing advanced geological forecasting, the forecast distance is short and the test frequency is high, increasing test and construction risks. Since various methods have different requirements for the test environ-ment, preparation work can be tedious and result in a long construction time thereby affecting normal construction.A new advanced geological forecast technique based on multi-source seismic interferometry for tunnels is proposed.This technique uses the blast at one end of tunnel as a centrum and receives the signal at the other end of the tun-nel, therefore allowing advanced geological forecasting of the unexcavated tunnel part by relative processing and im-aging. A numerical simulation of this kind of geological forecasting using the finite difference method to simulate two kinds of unfavorable geological bodies (karst and a fault) predicted them accurately and verified the effective-ness and accuracy of this geological forecasting method. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

A Study of Prevention Techniques for Tunnel Lining Defects北大核心CSCD

Defects of tunnel lining, such as inadequate thickness, voids, cracks, rock falling and water leakage etc., endanger the safety of railway tunnel operation. Based on the site construction, an analysis of the reasons for lining defects was conducted; technical measures against lining defects were proposed and tests were carried out at site. The results show that these measures are reliable and effective, and the purposes of prevention and treatment are re⁃ alized. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.