西藏墨脱高等级公路工程地质遥感勘察及GIS应用

运用遥感及地理信息技术能有效地从图像光谱特征、空间特征、影像纹理、微地貌、景观等诸多方面,对岩石、构造、地形地貌、地质灾害等进行识别与划分,从遥感影像中提取公路工程地质信息.结合ENVI和ARC/INFO软件进行数据采集和专题制图,利用GIS的空间分析功能,能快速、准确地对公路工程地质条件进行定量分析和综合评价.     

非接触式遥感路面状态检测预警系统研究与应用

为了实现道路路面状态检测和预警,自主开发了非接触式遥感路面状态检测预警系统。采用红外遥感和多光谱测量技术,以路面温度、空气湿度及水或冰或雪的厚度和透光率等参数为核心,对系统技术原理和算法、数据分析处理和控制及数据传输等关键技术进行了研究。通过水、冰及雪对3个波长光的不同吸光系数,确定了路面覆盖物的类型,计算了水、冰及雪的厚度。经多次现场测试数据验证,测试结果准确可靠,各项功能和性能满足实际要求。该系统已在中国多条高速公路中成功应用,为交管部门实施交通预警及疏导方案提供了数据依据,极大地提高了应对突发天气状况的及时性和准确性,有力保障了道路交通安全,取得了显著的安全效益和社会经济效益,具有广泛的推广应用前景。     

遥感在新建中吉乌国际铁路中国境内段可行性研究中的应用

采用 TM卫星图像在可行性研究阶段对地质复杂地区进行判释评价是一种行之有效的方法。本文对工作区的构造单元、地层岩性、不良地质进行了判释 ,并根据影像特征对工程地质条件、区域稳定性进行了定性评价。     

An approach to estimation of near-surface turbulence and CO2 transfer velocity from remote sensing data

The air–sea CO₂ exchange is primarily determined by the boundary-layer processes in the near-surface layer of the ocean since it is a water-side limited gas. As a consequence, the interfacial component of the CO₂ transfer velocity can be linked to parameters of turbulence in the near-surface layer of the ocean. The development of remote sensing techniques provides a possibility to quantify the dissipation of the turbulent kinetic energy in the near-surface layer of the ocean and the air–sea CO₂ transfer velocity on a global scale. In this work, the dissipation rate of the turbulent kinetic energy in the near-surface layer of the ocean and its patchiness has been linked to the air–sea CO₂ transfer velocity with a boundary-layer type model. Field observations of upper ocean turbulence, laboratory studies, and the direct CO₂ flux measurements are used to validate the model. The model is then forced with the TOPEX POSEIDON wind speed and significant wave height to demonstrate its applicability for estimating the distribution of the near-surface turbulence dissipation rate and gas transfer velocity for an extended (decadal) time period. A future version of this remote sensing algorithm will incorporate directional wind/wave data being available from QUIKSCAT, a now-cast wave model, and satellite heat fluxes. The inclusion of microwave imagery from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) will provide additional information on the fractional whitecap coverage and sea surface turbulence patchiness.     

无人机遥感数据记录系统设计与实现

利用无人机遥感航拍时,需获取相机的位置和姿态数据。为此,文章提出了一种小型遥感数据记录系统设计方案,在控制相机曝光同时,同步记录其姿态、位置等数据,为后期的图像处理提供数据,最后通过实际飞行试验证明,该文的设计适合无人机等飞行器遥感航拍应用。     

Impact of phytoplankton community size on a linked global ocean optical and ecosystem model

We isolated the effect phytoplankton cell size has on varying remote sensing reflectance spectra (R_rs(λ)) in the presence of optically active constituents by using optical and radiative transfer models linked in an offline diagnostic calculation to a global biogeochemical/ecosystem/circulation model with explicit phytoplankton size classes. Two case studies were carried out, each with several scenarios to isolate the effects of chlorophyll concentration, phytoplankton cell size, and size-varying phytoplankton absorption on R_rs(λ). The goal of the study was to determine the relative contribution of phytoplankton cell size and chlorophyll to overall R_rs(λ) and to understand where a standard band ratio algorithm (OC4) may under/overestimate chlorophyll due to R_rs(λ) being significantly affected by phytoplankton size. Phytoplankton cell size was found to contribute secondarily to R_rs(λ) variability and to amplify or dampen the seasonal cycle in R_rs(λ), driven by chlorophyll. Size and chlorophyll were found to change in phase at low to mid-latitudes, but were anti-correlated or poorly correlated at high latitudes. Phytoplankton size effects increased model calculated R_rs(443) in the subtropical ocean during local spring through early fall months in both hemispheres and decreased R_rs(443) in the Northern Hemisphere high latitude regions during local summer to fall months. This study attempts to tease apart when/where variability about the OC4 relationship may be associated with cell size variability. The OC4 algorithm may underestimate [Chl] when the fraction of microplankton is elevated, which occurs in the model simulations during local spring/summer months at high latitudes in both hemispheres.     

遥感技术在哈尔滨市数字城市规划中的应用

对遥感技术在哈尔滨市数字城市规划中的应用进行了分析,其应用主要包括城市空间布局信息分析、城市变化监测、城市规划实施情况检查三方面,对应用的内容、方案及效果进行了总结和探讨。分析表明,遥感技术能为城市规划提供许多基础数据,具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于Hopfield神经网络的遥感图像超分辨率识别算法

提出基于Hopfield神经网络的遥感图像超分辨率目标识别算法，它是利用模糊分类技术进行模糊分类，然后用分类结果约束Hopfield神经网络的方法．通过实验，可知Hopfield神经网络在学习样本少时．也能够输出分辨率相对较高的地物目标信息．因此．基于Hopfield神经网络的遥感图像处理方法，能够提高遥感图像的目标分辨率．使其目标特征信息更清晰．     

遥感技术在库格铁路阿尔金山区地质选线中的应用

阿尔金山地区山高坡陡、地质构造复杂、不良地质多且规模大,这些都为库尔勒至格尔木铁路地质选线带来较大的困难。因此,充分发挥遥感技术的优势,收集遥感图像及地形、地质图,进行遥感图像处理与提取地学信息,并相互叠加,根据图像反映的各类影像特征,综合野外调查,建立该区域的解译标志,开展中、大比例尺的遥感地质判释。综合应用遥感解译和地质调查手段,查明了测区地质构造和重大不良地质的分布特征,为大面积工程地质选线、优化线路方案提供了重要依据,为工程地质测绘勘探布置提供了指导性意见。     

数据融合技术在铁路地质遥感判释中的应用研究

判释效果。为提高地质遥感判释的精度和质量,本文探讨数据融合技术在地质遥感判释中的应用。研究结论:(1)采用多源数据融合技术进行地质遥感判释,可提高不良地质判释的准确度;(2)二维和三维遥感判释相结合,可实现不良地质由定性到定量的判释和分析;(3)今后应加强遥感与物探等勘察手段的融合应用研究,拓宽地质遥感判释的应用范围。