无信号平面交叉口安全服务水平计算模型

为了客观评价公路平面交叉口的安全状况, 提出了交叉口安全服务水平基本概念, 分析了影响无信号交叉口安全服务水平的客观因素, 给出了安全服务水平评价方案, 分别构建了基于机动车、非机动车、行人冲突点的安全服务水平主模型和基于交叉口几何特征、交通标志等次要影响因素的修正模型, 并由此提出无信号平面交叉口安全服务水平计算模型。根据多个无信号交叉口数据, 把安全服务水平分为1~4级, 并验证了安全服务水平模型的合理性。验证结果表明: 应用安全服务水平计算模型得到实例交叉口危险度为200.7, 安全服务水平为3级, 符合交叉口实际的安全状态, 因此, 交叉口安全服务水平模型能够有效评价交叉口的安全性。     

五路环形交叉口交通量卡片调查法

为了系统而简便地获取5路环形交叉口分流向的交通量,在分析传统的记录车牌号法和交织断面调查法的基础上,设计了针对5路环形交叉口交通量的卡片调查法。调查方法为利用不同颜色的卡片标记从某一进口流向其他出口的抽样车辆,计算右转交通量的理论比例;记录所有进出口交通量和右转交通量,得到右转交通量的实际比例。根据调查量求解约束方程,可得到各进口分流向的交通量。以南京市新庄立交为例,运用该方法调查,计算底层平面环形交叉口各进口分流向的交通量。结果表明,在抽样率为5％时,右转交通量理论比例与实际比例的最大误差为9．16％。     

一种基于模糊逻辑的城市交叉口交通信号控制方法

提出了一种基于模糊逻辑的交叉口信号控制方法, 此方法不需要建立复杂的交通流模型, 可以有效地解决交通信号控制过程中复杂和随机性难题。同时应用加权系数的遗传算法对模糊逻辑控制器的参数进行了优化。仿真结果表明模糊逻辑控制可以成功地应用于城市交叉口交通信号控制中。     

交通路口可变相位信号控制

利用集合理论的一些相关知识, 研究了孤立交通路口的信号控制, 提出了孤立交通路口可变相位信号控制的方法。与传统交通路口模糊信号控制的方法相比, 可变相位信号控制的相位顺序、相位时间以及相位组合更加灵活, 更适应交通路口实时变化的交通状况, 同时可变相位信号控制能够适应不同形状交通路口的信号控制。用TSIS仿真软件仿真结果表明可变相位信号控制的效果要优于传统模糊控制, 是进行路口信号控制的一种实用和有效的算法。     

Generating lane-based intersection maps from crowdsourcing big trace data

Lane-based road information plays a critical role in transportation systems, a lane-based intersection map is the most important component in a detailed road map of the transportation infrastructure. Researchers have developed various algorithms to detect the spatial layout of intersections based on sensor data such as high-definition images/videos, laser point cloud data, and GPS traces, which can recognize intersections and road segments; however, most approaches do not automatically generate Lane-based Intersection Maps (LIMs). The objective of our study is to generate LIMs automatically from crowdsourced big trace data using a multi-hierarchy feature extraction strategy. The LIM automatic generation method proposed in this paper consists of the initial recognition of road intersections, intersection layout detection, and lane-based intersection map-generation. The initial recognition process identifies intersection and non-intersection areas using spatial clustering algorithms based on the similarity of angle and distance. The intersection layout is composed of exit and entry points, obtained by combining trajectory integration algorithms and turn rules at road intersections. The LIM generation step is finally derived from the intersection layout detection results and lane-based road information, based on geometric matching algorithms. The effectiveness of our proposed LIM generation method is demonstrated using crowdsourced vehicle traces. Additional comparisons and analysis are also conducted to confirm recognition results. Experiments show that the proposed method saves time and facilitates LIM refinement from crowdsourced traces more efficiently than methods based on other types of sensor data.     

The symmetric intersection design and traffic control optimization

It is well recognized that the left-turning movement reduces the intersection capacity significantly, because exclusive left turn phases are needed to discharge left turn vehicles only. This paper proposes the concept of Left-Hand Traffic (LHT) arterial, on where vehicles follow left-hand traffic rules as in England and India. The unconventional intersection where a LHT arterial intersects with a Right-Hand Traffic (RHT) arterial is named as symmetric intersection. It is only need three basic signal phases to separate all conflicts at symmetric intersection, while it at least need four signal phases at a conventional intersection. So, compared with the conventional intersection, the symmetric intersection can provide longer green time for the left-turning and the through movement, which can increase the capacity significantly. Through-movement waiting areas (TWAs) can be set at the symmetric intersection effectively, which can increase the capacity and short the cycle length furthermore. And the symmetric intersection is Channelized to improve the safety of TWAs. The Binary-Mixed-Integer-Linear-Programming (BMILP) model is employed to formulate the capacity maximization problem and signal cycle length minimization problem of the symmetric intersection. The BMILP model can be solved by standard branch-and-bound algorithms efficiently and outputs the lane allocation, signal timing decisions, and other decisions. Experiments analysis shows that the symmetric intersection with TWAs can increase the capacity and short the signal cycle length.     

基于事故鉴定的信号控制路口电动自行车事故特征分析

电动自行车已成为群众出行的重要交通工具。随着电动自行车保有量的快速增长,涉及电动自行车的交通事故频发。为了研究电动自行车事故特征,特别是电动自行车违反交通信号灯控制的情况,基于涉及电动自行车的路口信号灯状态鉴定数据和事故数据,对事故的时间空间分布、碰撞车辆类型、骑车人个体特征、事故原因、电动自行车进入路口时信号灯状态等要素开展分析,获取了信号控制交叉口电动自行车事故特征规律,为开展此类事故预防提供参考。     

城市交叉口治堵设计方案分析

以海口市龙昆南路-城西路交叉口为例,结合海口市实际交通发展情况,对该交叉口进行交通现状分析.提出了硬化安全岛、增设进口道、左转中置、优化相位配时等交通治堵设计方案,并借助交通仿真软件Synchro,对设计方案的合理性和可行性进行了论证.     

BIM技术在城市道路接入设计中的应用

新建道路接入已有道路就会形成交叉口,接入点处易发生交通事故。以泰州市海河路与东风快速路接入项目为背景,探索应用BIM技术进行接入分析与设计。采用倾斜摄影技术获得了接入点处详细的三维实景模型,在此基础上分析道路接入存在的问题,利用鸿业BIM软件进行接入点的三维设计,并与三维实景模型相融合。结果显示,应用BIM技术方便了接入分析,并能直观地展示接入设计,方便进行设计方案评估与进一步优化。     

地铁列车与高速铁路列车交会压力波的仿真研究

列车在高速会车时产生的空气压力波会给交会车辆的侧窗造成很大的冲击,有可能出现破窗事故,给乘客和列车运行带来安全隐患。基于三维、非定常两方程湍流模型,利用计算流体软件Fluent,对某型地铁车辆与不同型号的铁路高速列车(CRH380A、CRH2、CRH3型)交会时的空气动力学性能进行了数值仿真,得到侧窗上的会车压力波变化曲线。仿真计算结果表明:在地铁列车与铁路高速列车的交会过程中,地铁列车所受到的侧力远大于高速铁路列车所受到的侧力,交会产生的瞬变压力波对地铁列车侧窗的影响也更大。当地铁列车与CRH380A型高速列车交会时,与其和其它两种型号的列车交会相比,地铁列车侧窗所受到的压力波幅值最小,而当地铁列车与CRH2型铁路列车或CRH3型铁路列车交会时,地铁列车侧窗所受到的压力波幅值均较大,其波动的峰峰值也更大。