城市群客流生成预测精度控制模型研究

城市群客流生成预测是城市群轨道交通规划中客流预测的主要组成部分,其预测精度将直接影响轨道交通客流预测精度,进而影响轨道交通规划的合理性.在分析城市群客流生成特点的基础上,提出客流生成阶段预测精度控制分为小区划分精度控制、预测方法选择、建模精度控制及模型计算结果调整4个阶段的思路;详细论述后2个阶段的精度控制内容,在模型计算结果调整中提出区域对外交通调整、空间调整、发生总量平衡调整及发生吸引平衡调整4个调整内容,并建立调整模型.     

基于长间隔大规模数据的地图匹配算法研究

随着GPS定位技术应用的日益推广,GPS技术被大量应用于公交车辆及出租车辆的定位与预测.公共交通调度中心的数据量和处理负荷将变得非常巨大,而且租用电信无线网络的费用也很高.如何使用尽可能少的数据得到比较好的定位信息和节约计算资源就成为我们面对的一个重要课题.针对杭州交通调度中心的出租车和公交车的大间隔定位信息,本文提出了一种将基于权值,道路拓扑和最优路径选择相结合的综合地图匹配算法,并应用于实际,取得了很好的效果.     

快速公交行车系统方案决策研究

国内外的许多研究者都对快速公交的发展战略、规划等方面进行了研究,但是,涉及到快速公交方案研究的较少.本文首先提出三种典型的快速公交行车系统方案:中央专用道车辆左侧开门、中央专用道车辆右侧开门、边侧专用道车辆右开门.总结三种方案的特点,并对比分析了它们各自的优劣势.在此基础上,结合西安的具体情况,利用层次分析方法,综合考虑经济、社会、环境和技术条件等方面的因素,给出在西安实施快速公交的推荐方案为中央专用道的两个方案均可,为快速公交行车系统的决策提供方便.     

Discussions on rail in urban areas and rail history

This paper includes discussions on rail in urban areas and railway history. More specifically commonly used terms and definitions for rail services, policy and practice in urban areas are discussed followed by an overview of railway developments around the world.     

The design of a terminal for dangerous goods

This paper aims at examining the possibility of setting up a model terminal for the transportation of dangerous goods. It should be designed in such a manner that its use would be possible for any kind of transportation.

This consideration has been prompted by the interface between transportation planning and technology, as well as by the tendency for harmonizing international recommendations pertaining to the transportation and handling of dangerous goods, especially during the last decades where unified transport has gained ground due to the advantages provided for the safe consignment of dangerous cargoes.

Since the large increase in terminal productivity is due to the heavy investments that were effected in terminal installations and to the modernization of the administration‐management of terminals, a mathematical simulation has been adopted to assist the determination of the capacity of a terminal for dangerous goods.

It is evident that different criteria and various assumptions have been taken into account in order to facilitate a deeper analysis, without ignoring the contribution of dangerous goods to the socio‐economic development.

From the outset of the study, it was already clear that the said process will make it possible to present—as a model—a simple but well defined situation for the purpose of drawing useful conclusions.     

城市土地利用对交通需求特性影响研究

针对长期以来关于城市土地利用对交通需求特性影响研究中存在的争论,系统分析了土地利用、社会经济属性和交通需求三者之间的关系。建立多元线性回归模型,分别考察人口密度、土地混合程度、家庭收入和家庭大小对于交通出行次数、交通方式、出行距离和出行时长的影响。通过对回归模型显著性水平的检验,找出真正具有内在联系的因素。最后阐述了土地利用与交通相关研究的意义,指出未来研究方向。     

仿真求解快速路交织区通行能力

由于交织区通行能力的影响因素众多,没有所谓理想的道路条件,而现阶段在我国由于资金、技术等各方面的限制,不能够获得大量的实测数据,因此,用统计分析的方法确定其通行能力有很大的困难。用一个实例详细地介绍了用标定过的仿真软件CORSIM模型求解交织区通行能力的方法、步骤,其中,重点完成了模型freesim-setup中对通行能力有重要影响的8个参数的灵敏度分析,据此标定了仿真模型,然后通过实验方案设计,改变输入条件,得到了不同条件组合下的通行能力值。通过仿真结果与实测数据的对比,认为该方法是非常可行的,并且有一定的应用价值。     

城市轨道交通中个人导向方法研究

文章运用层次分析的方法来阐述个人导向功能的实现原理,提出了利用现阶段飞速发展的移动通信体技术,设计一种应用在城市轨道交通中具有个人导向功能的移动通信体,以改善城市轨道交通中个人导向功能薄弱的现状。     

Real-time traffic state estimation in urban corridors from heterogeneous data

In recent years, rapid advances in information technology have led to various data collection systems which are enriching the sources of empirical data for use in transport systems. Currently, traffic data are collected through various sensors including loop detectors, probe vehicles, cell-phones, Bluetooth, video cameras, remote sensing and public transport smart cards. It has been argued that combining the complementary information from multiple sources will generally result in better accuracy, increased robustness and reduced ambiguity. Despite the fact that there have been substantial advances in data assimilation techniques to reconstruct and predict the traffic state from multiple data sources, such methods are generally data-driven and do not fully utilize the power of traffic models. Furthermore, the existing methods are still limited to freeway networks and are not yet applicable in the urban context due to the enhanced complexity of the flow behavior. The main traffic phenomena on urban links are generally caused by the boundary conditions at intersections, un-signalized or signalized, at which the switching of the traffic lights and the turning maneuvers of the road users lead to shock-wave phenomena that propagate upstream of the intersections. This paper develops a new model-based methodology to build up a real-time traffic prediction model for arterial corridors using data from multiple sources, particularly from loop detectors and partial observations from Bluetooth and GPS devices.     

城市轨道交通客流密集度指数研究

基于轨道交通物联网监测数据，从点、线、面三个层级，构建不同时间粒度车站、线路、网络的客流密集度指数计算模型和算法。车站客流密集度指数模型综合考虑影响车站密集度指数的关键区域（出入口、站台、楼扶梯、换乘通道）的拥挤程度和拥挤范围因素；线路的客流密集度指数模型综合考虑车站和区间的影响；网络的客流密集度指数模型由各线路的客流密集度指数加权得到。测试结果表明，提出的模型计算结果与实际地铁客流出行规律一致，可较好地反映地铁拥挤程度，为地铁客流运营拥挤状态评价和辅助决策提供技术支持。