高速磁浮线高速道岔驱动布置的研究

介绍了世界上首副电机驱动、齿轮齿条传动高速磁浮线高速道岔的驱动布置方案。通过几何非线性分析,对不同驱动布置方案下高速道岔转辙过程的特性进行对比,得到了支点到位位置偏差小,线形、主梁应力和驱动力变化平缓,经济性好的驱动布置方案。     

Speed variation during peak and off-peak hours on urban arterials in Shanghai

Increased speed variation on urban arterials is associated with reductions in both operational performance and safety. Traffic flow, mean speed, traffic control parameters and geometric design features are known to affect speed variation. An exploratory study of the relationships among these variables could provide a foundation for improving the operational and safety performance of urban arterials, however, such a study has been hampered by problems in measuring speeds. The measurement of speed has traditionally been accomplished using spot speed collection methods such as radar, laser and loop detectors. These methods can cover only limited locations, and consequently are not able to capture speed distributions along an entire network, or even throughout any single road segment. In Shanghai, it is possible to acquire the speed distribution of any roadway segment, over any period of interest, by capturing data from Shanghai’s 50,000+ taxis equipped with Global Positional Systems (GPS). These data, hereafter called Floating Car Data, were used to calculate mean speed and speed variation on 234 road segments from eight urban arterials in downtown Shanghai. Hierarchical models with random variables were developed to account for spatial correlations among segments within each arterial and heterogeneities among arterials. Considering that traffic demand changes throughout the day, AM peak, Noon off-peak, and PM peak hours were studied separately. Results showed that increases in number of lanes and number of access points, the presence of bus stops and increases in mean speed were all associated with increased speed variation, and that increases in traffic volume and traffic signal green times were associated with reduced speed variation. These findings can be used by engineers to minimize speed differences during the road network planning stage and continuing through the traffic management phase.     

Real-time automatic rescheduling strategy for an urban rail line by integrating the information of fault handling

In the operation of urban rails, faults are inevitable, which leads to deviation between the actual timetable and the planned timetable. In nowadays, timetable rescheduling strategies rarely integrate the information of fault handling. In this paper, we develop a real-time automatic rescheduling strategy, which integrates the dynamic information of fault handling. The rescheduled timetable is obtained by a mathematical optimization model, the constraints set of which is automatically generated and adjusted as more information of fault handling is feedback. Compared with the experience-based rescheduling methods, the automatic rescheduling strategy reacts more quickly, and uses the information of fault handling more efficiently. A simulation system for testing the automatic rescheduling strategy is built, which uses the data of the Beijing Yizhuang metro line. Via testing on the simulation system, the effectiveness and efficiency of the automatic rescheduling strategy are validated.     

俄罗斯船用及工业燃气轮机的发展和应用现状

综述并分析俄罗斯船用及工业燃气轮机设计、研制、生产和应用的现状及发展状况。指出,俄罗斯小功率发电用燃气轮机的发展现状良好,拥有一些性能优良的机组,但是中等功率和大功率发电用机组却是弱项,距离世界先进水平还有很大差距。机械驱动用燃气轮机始终是俄罗斯工业燃气轮机中的强项,设计、研制和应用均处于世界领先水平。曾经是其强项的船用燃气轮机,由于苏联的解体,却成了俄罗斯燃气轮机工业中的缺项。     

Urban transportation in Chinese cities: An efficiency assessment

We use 2008 data for 34 Chinese cities to compare urban transportation systems. The results show stronger eastern and central cities focusing more on high capacity and less on sustainable modes of transportation, while western cities do the opposite. Chinese cities with more sustainable transportation are also more likely to have lower gross domestic product per capita, be smaller, are less urbanized and have higher bus usage. This model needs to change to align with China’s new policy priorities.     

交流传动内燃机车微机控制系统设计

简叙了交流传动内燃机车微机控制系统的结构及功能 ,分析了系统的几种控制特点 ,给出了系统的硬件框图及软件控制要求 ,介绍了微机控制系统与逆变器及显示器之间的通信规范及主要内容。     

交-直-交传动内燃机车的技术经济效果

文章阐明了交—直—交传动内燃机车优越的技术性能和经济效果。并对东风_4内燃机车改为交—直—交传动后的经济性进行了估算,结果表明,交—直—交传动内燃机车经济效果显著,仅节油一项,就可在5年内将比交—直传动内燃机车增加的成本全部回收。     

某越野汽车制动管断裂原因探究

针对某越野车制动管经常断裂的故障，采用自功率谱密度、模态试验和数据统计方法，分析了影响制动管断裂的主要因素。认为从分动箱到前桥传动轴二阶振动是引起制动管断裂的关键因素。针对该因素介绍和讨论了几个有效的、快速和实用的解决方案：将前桥不等速十字轴式刚性万向节，更换为球笼式等速万向节；将与制动卡钳相连的制动钢管更换为一小段低膨胀、耐高压的软管。针对制动管断裂的原因，改变该车在石块路上进行可靠性试验考核制动管的试验规范，用高速行驶试验来考核制动管的可靠性。     

JJK14-6/550型交流窄轨架线式电机车

文章介绍了一种交流窄轨矿用机车的直—交逆变传动原理、总体布置、主要部件、机车性能、特点以及该机车的运用考核情况,指出该车是适用于冶金、矿山等地面或井下长距离水平巷道运输比较理想的牵引动力。     

结构-电磁激励下某电驱总成噪声控制

针对某电动汽车电驱总成的噪声问题，依据电驱总成车内噪声产生机理，进行整车状态声振特性测试，运用不同工况组合下的频谱特征和阶次特征等分析方法，识别出该电驱总成噪声问题为结构共振和电磁激励所致。针对结构共振问题，考虑电驱总成结构耦合特性、电机材料复杂多样性和线圈绕组质量，建立电驱总成有限元分析模型，求解出电驱总成的模态和振动响应，并通过敲击法模态试验得到模态参数进而对有限元模型进行验证，在此基础上以模态应变能为依据对电驱总成结构的局部刚度进行优化，提升结构共振频率，降低共振风险。针对电磁激励问题，以电驱总成中的永磁同步电机为研究对象，建立电磁仿真分析模型，以影响磁通密度的转子槽口的槽形、槽宽、槽深和槽间角度4个因素建立正交试验设计表，通过极差值得到各因素对齿槽转矩和输出转矩的影响水平，最后以降低齿槽转矩、加工工艺简单和对输出转矩影响小为目标，运用16组具有代表性的电磁方案，完成256个参数组合的寻优，并对优化方案进行了数值仿真计算。研究结果表明：优化方案的改善效果较显著；研究可为电动汽车车内噪声改善提供试验技术支持，并为电驱总成的结构共振噪声和电磁噪声控制提供方法参考。