一种可视化小型海洋环境信息系统的设计与实现

提供一种可视化小型海洋环境信息系统的设计思想及实现方法，即在Visual C＋＋可视化编程环境下，利用MapX控件将CIS功能嵌入其中来开发小型海洋环境信息系统，实现对海洋环境信息的可视化在询、分析、显示等基本功能。     

Modeling travel behavior by the structural relationships between lifestyle,built environment and non-working trips

In the context of sustainable urban transport in developing countries, individuals’ travel behavior faces multiple factors which influence their mobility patterns. Recognizing these factors could be a favorable method to organize more regular and sustainable trip patterns. This study aims to identify the less well-known lifestyle along with more popular built environment as the main factors which shape travel behaviors. Employing data from 900 respondents of 22 urban areas in city of Shiraz, Iran, this paper explores travel behaviors as non-working trip frequencies by different modes. Results of structural equation model indicate a strong significant effect of individual’s lifestyle patterns on their non-working trips. However, built environment impact on travel behavior is small compared to lifestyle. Besides, other variables such as travel attitudes and socio-economic factors stay crucial in the mode choice selection. These findings indicate the necessity of regarding lifestyle orientations in travel studies as well as objective factors such as land use attributes.     

Equity-based timetable synchronization optimization in urban subway network

In the urban subway transportation system, passengers may have to make at least one transfer traveling from their origin to destination. This paper proposes a timetable synchronization optimization model to optimize passengers’ waiting time while limiting the waiting time equitably over all transfer station in an urban subway network. The model aims to improve the worst transfer by adjusting the departure time, running time, the dwelling time and the headways for all directions in the subway network. In order to facilitate solution, we develop a binary variables substitute method to deal with the binary variables. Genetic algorithm is applied to solve the problem for its practicality and generality. Finally, the suggested model is applied to Beijing urban subway network and several performance indicators are presented to verify the efficiency of suggested model. Results indicate that proposed timetable synchronization optimization model can be used to improve the network performance for transfer passengers significantly.     

城市轨道交通智能综合监控系统体系结构

智能综合监控系统具有全线各系统综合监控、不同工况下各系统联动、信息高度共享和系统自主决策等特征。从数据流和控制流角度出发,提出系统的3层体系架构,即综合决策层、车站决策层和现场控制层。综合决策层负责监控全线范围内的系统,制订全线的综合决策,并与外部系统进行数据和信息交互。中央级综合监控中心具有控制、报警和画面显示等等功能。车站决策层负责监控本站范围内的各监控子系统,并协调各子系统的联动功能,提供车站级的决策。车站级综合监控中心具有实时信息采集、维护监控和报警处理等功能。现场控制层分为面向服务类、运营类和安全类等3类系统,包括6个子系统。系统的关键部分是信息共享平台和网络通信平台。构建信息共享平台的关键技术包括:数据源接口、信息融合、数据挖掘和信息发布等技术。网络通信平台的关键技术主要是目前通用的SDH,ATM等标准通信技术。     

Urban public transport in Europe: Technology diffusion and market organisation

Technological change and incremental technology, at various levels, are believed to have played an important role in the success of urban public transport in Europe. In this paper, a historical overview of the evolution of different transport modes across different European cities is presented. Our major concern is with the processes of diffusion of urban transport modes in European cities and, in particular, with the factors, mainly of an economic nature, that may explain their rates of adoption across Europe. Among these factors, special attention is given to the role played by the dimension and organisation of public transport markets in the rates of adoption of different public transport modes. The main conclusion of the paper is that the success of the introduction of a new transport mode appeared to be mainly related to its ability to provide cheaper and more reliable transport services compared with previous transport modes, and that, in the case of the electric tram, this was achieved by transforming of the structure of the market relating to this urban transport mode into monopolies.     

开放环境下铁路信息网接入技术及其安全策略

从网络的安全性、建设新型和扩充性等多个方面分析比较了当前流行的和成熟的接入网技术及网络安全防范技术,并结合铁路系统自身的特点,提出了铁路信息网应该采用的方案.     

城市交通综合改善项目经济效益分析方法研究

通过分析综合交通改善的特点,抽象分析各子项目的影响范围,提出现有测算方法存在重复计算的问题。然后,分析各子项目经济效益产生机理和测算指标及其特点,得到对各子项目的经济效益测算是针对几种受益主体进行分析的结论,提出对客车、公交车、自行车、行人和管理单位等受益主体进行综合经济效益分析的方法。     

城市桥梁声屏障设计研究

文章结合某城市桥梁声屏障设计实例,针对该桥两侧敏感点的分布情况,选择合适类型的声屏障,并通过科学的声学计算,从结构、排水、景观三个方面进行了声屏障设计,对类似项目的声屏障设计有一定的借鉴意义。     

Power plant siting on Wisconsin's coasts: A case study of a displaceable use

Abstract

The issue of whether power plants should be located on Wisconsin's Lake Michigan shore or inland is addressed in this article. It is quite likely that sites for several large power plants will be needed before the year 2000. Available evidence on the comparative costs of condenser cooling indicates that there may or may not be substantial economies from locating these plants at lakeshore sites depending on site characteristics, fuel costs, and other variables. Environmental impacts of coastal and inland siting are surveyed and also appear to be highly site‐specific. Important issues arise with respect to the intense competition for coastal land and the aquatic impacts at both coastal and inland sites. A third alternative, that of utilizing sites that are in the coastal zone but set back from the water's edge, has some promising aspects, but data on costs are scarce and inconclusive. Conclusions center on the importance of not ruling out either coastal or inland locations in future efforts to identify suitable power plant sites, the need to review current water‐quality measures, and the need for further research on institutions to facilitate sound siting decisions.     

消除公交串车——一种基于GPS与GIS的实时控制方法

城市公共交通系统是一个包含人、车、路、环境、能量和信息的高度非线性的大规模复杂系统。公交串车问题严重降低了公交服务的可靠性，本文综合运用系统工程理论与方法，给出了公交串车与大间隔的定义，提出了公交串车与大间隔问题的成因分析模型、基于BP人工神经网络的行车间隔预测模型和基于GPS与GIS的实时动态反馈控制模型。最后，对北京公交300路车所采集的680组数据进行了实证分析。分析结果表明所使用的方法能有效地消除公交串车问题，同时也能为公交企业自身的运营管理和乘客的出行规划提供有价值的决策参考。