路段行程时间估计的浮动车数据挖掘方法

基于浮动车数据, 提出一种信号配时信息缺失下的路段行程时间估计方法, 由交叉口范围动态划分、路段影响范围划分、浮动车数据提取与路段行程时间估计4个模块组成, 每个模块的实现均需借助于前一模块的输出。根据交叉口信号控制下的车辆行驶状态, 在交叉口范围动态划分与路段影响范围划分2个模块中, 利用密度法将单元路段划分为不同区域。根据路段行程时间估计原理, 利用浮动车数据提取模块过滤掉受信号控制影响较大的浮动车数据, 提取路段行程时间估计的目标数据。利用路段行程时间估计模块挖掘历史浮动车数据, 根据浮动车目标数据点存在区域的不同, 将浮动车数据分为3类, 并对不同类型数据采取相应的断面通过时刻估计方法, 建立基于不同数据条件下的行程时间估计模型。利用VISSIM软件对路段行程时间估计方法进行仿真验证, 并与直接法和间接法进行对比分析。分析结果表明: 对于粗粒度浮动车数据, 路段行程时间估计方法的平均绝对误差和平均相对误差分别为12 s和8.67%, 优于传统的直接法与间接法。     

沪瑞高速公路某旧桥加宽设计

在公路改扩建工作中,旧桥加宽在设计与施工中存在着许多技术难题,需要在实践中深入摸索才能最终解决。介绍沪瑞高速公路贵阳至清镇段某旧桥梁的加宽设计及施工工艺。     

解决路网检测器布局问题的数形结合方法

为了获取各路段的交通流量,本文提出一种解决任意路网中检测器布局优化 问题的数形结合方法.首先基于交通网络的拓扑结构与代数关联矩阵间的联系定义平衡 矩阵和基本平衡矩阵;然后根据基本平衡矩阵的特点,找到n -1阶数（比网络节点数少 1）可逆矩阵M ,该矩阵所对应的路段集合就构成路网的一个支撑树(不需要安装检测器 的路段集合);最后根据流量守恒原理进行矩阵运算,全面、准确、快速地推算出未安装检 测器路段的交通流量.该方法揭示了路网中各路段流量间的数形联系,并避免了单独利用 代数或图论方法的操作复杂性,以及获取交通信息不及时性.通过具体算例验证了此方法 的可行性和有效性.     

Dynamic charging-while-driving systems for freight delivery services with electric vehicles: Traffic and energy modelling

This paper presents a research on traffic modelling developed for assessing traffic and energy performance of electric systems installed along roads for dynamic charging-while-driving (CWD) of fully electric vehicles (FEVs).The logic adopted by the developed traffic model is derived from a particular simulation scenario of electric charging: a freight distribution service operated using medium-sized vans. In this case, the CWD service is used to recover the state of charge of the FEV batteries to shortly start with further activities after arrival at the depot.The CWD system is assumed to be implemented in a multilane ring road with several intermediate on-ramp entrances, where the slowest lane is reserved for the dynamic charging of authorized electric vehicles. A specific traffic model is developed and implemented based on a mesoscopic approach, where energy requirements and charging opportunities affect driving and traffic behaviours. Overtaking manoeuvres as well as new entries in the CWD lane of vehicles that need to charge are modelled according to a cooperative driving system, which manages adequate time gaps between consecutive vehicles. Finally, a speed control strategy is simulated at a defined node to create an empty time-space slot in the CWD lane, by delaying the arriving vehicles. This simulated control, implemented to allow maintenance operations for CWD that may require clearing a charging zone for a short time slot, could also be applied to facilitate on-ramp merging manoeuvres.     

An analytical approximation for the macroscopic fundamental diagram of urban traffic

This paper shows that a macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) relating average flow and average density must exist on any street with blocks of diverse widths and lengths, but no turns, even if all or some of the intersections are controlled by arbitrarily timed traffic signals. The timing patterns are assumed to be fixed in time. Exact analytical expressions in terms of a shortest path recipe are given, both, for the street’s capacity and its MFD. Approximate formulas that require little data are also given.For networks, the paper derives an upper bound for average flow conditional on average density, and then suggests conditions under which the bound should be tight; i.e., under which the bound is an approximate MFD. The MFD’s produced with this method for the central business districts of San Francisco (California) and Yokohama (Japan) are compared with those obtained experimentally in earlier publications.     

城市轨道交通列车运行调整目标的研究

列车运行调整是一个多目标优化的问题,其中一些目标在很多情况下是相互制约的关系,多数情况下不能让所有目标同时达到最优.本文介绍北京地铁运营单位的运营指标统计方法,分析城市轨道交通中列车运行调整各项性能指标,并结合现场经验,对各项性能指标的评价函数进行优化,使之更符合实际需求,为研究列车运行调整奠定了基础.     

电流速率保护取代城轨供电系统双边联跳保护

本文根据目前轨道交通牵引供电系统设置双边联跳保护的目的,从保护需求、运行可靠度及投入费用等方面进行了综合分析与探讨。提出电流速率保护取代双边联跳保护的可行性。     

臂架变幅运动区域选取的方法

在组合臂架变幅过程中需要解决两个问题:(1)初始参数的确定;(2)运动区间的确定。文章综合考虑两点,在对初始参数进行改善的基础上,将同伦方程引入连杆曲线方程的分析中,并采用数值延拓技术,扩大迭代求解连杆曲线方的收敛范围。     

城市轨道交通列车电制动地面电阻吸收装置相关参数分析

在地面电阻吸收装置工作的有效区段内,根据列车的电制动特性和供电臂内列车状态的不同,合理地确定制动电阻的技术参数。采用多支路形式的电阻吸收装置,可方便控制电阻吸收装置并可靠吸收列车电制动功率。研究表明,地面电阻吸收装置的输出电流脉动与斩波器的导通比、各支路斩波器的开关滞后角有关。通过分析列车电制动时的最大再生功率与电阻吸收装置的电阻值、电制动时刻牵引供电系统的模型、列车电流、网压降之间的关系,导出了列车电制动时最大输出功率、地面电阻吸收装置的短时功率和持续(等效发热)功率等技术参数的计算方法。给出的计算方法可与现行的城市轨道交通牵引供电计算方法相结合,构成完整的牵引供电计算方法。