Myopic loss aversion in the response of electric vehicle owners to the scheduling and pricing of vehicle charging

Upward expectations of future electric vehicle (EV) growth pose the question about the future load on the electricity grid. While existing literature on EV charging demand management has focused on technical aspects and considered EV-owners as utility maximizers, this study proposes a behavioural model incorporating psychological aspects relevant to EV-owners facing charging decisions and interacting with the supplier. The behavioural model represents utility maximization under myopic loss aversion (MLA) within an ultimatum game (UG) framework where the two players are the EV-owner and the electricity supplier. Experimental economics allowed testing the validity of the behavioural model by designing three experiments where a potential EV-owner faces three decisions (i.e., to postpone EV charging to off-peak periods for a discount proposed by the supplier, the amount of discount to request for off-peak charging at times decided by the supplier, and the amount of discount to accept for supplier-controlled charging) under two contract durations (i.e., short-term, long-term). Findings from the experiments show that indeed potential EV-owners perform charging decisions while being affected by MLA resulting from monetary considerations and the UG participation, and that presenting long-term contracts help potential EV-owners to curtail MLA behaviour and minimise cost even though the assumption of utility maximization is violated.     

Development of two driving cycles for utility vehicles

Driving cycles are used to assess vehicle fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. The premise in this article is that suburban road-work vehicles and airport vehicles operate under particular conditions that are not taken into account by conventional driving cycles. Thus, experimental data were acquired from two pickup trucks representing both vehicle fleets that were equipped with a data logger. Based on experimental data, the suburban road-work vehicle showed a mixed driving behavior of high and low speed with occasional long periods of idling. In the airport environment, however, the driving conditions were restricted to airport grounds but were characterized by many accelerations and few high speeds. Based on these measurements, microtrips were defined and two driving cycles proposed. Fuel consumption and pollutant emissions were then measured for both cycles and compared to the FTP-75 and HWFCT cycles, which revealed a major difference: at least a 31% increase in fuel consumption over FTP-75. This increased fuel consumption translates into higher pollutant emissions. When CO₂ equivalent emissions are taken into account, the proposed cycles show an increase of at least 31% over FTP-75 and illustrate the importance of quantifying fleet speed patterns to assess CO₂ equivalent emissions so that the fleet manager can determine potential gains in energy or increased pollutant emissions.     

基于径向基函数神经网络的城市道路路段行程时间实时预测模型

提出利用径向基函数（RBF）神经网络方法对城市道路路段行程时间进行建模NN,并结合线圈和视频实测数据进行仿真分析,以实际行程时间和模型输出的行程时间预测值比较验证了模型的合理性。并将RBF神经网络方法与BP神经网络方法进行比较,结果表明RBF神经网络相对于BP神经网络训练时间短,且预测精度更高。     

无人通信机房环境监测系统门禁接口的改善

制作一个门禁接口小装置,可以改善铁路无人通信机房的环境监测系统功能,当工作人员进入机房时向监测系统提供开关量,同时自动向进入和离开机房的工作人员进行不同的语音提示。     

铁通电话网集中网管的建设与应用

随着铁通网络优化工作的基本完成，通过集中网管方式实现设备的集中管理、集中维护是铁通目前急需解决的问题；本文根据铁通的实际情况，介绍了网管系统建设的必要性、总体结构和业务功能，以及网管系统的具体应用，提出了系统在后续开发、完善过程中应注意的问题。     

庞巴迪车载VATC系统在天津地铁的应用

天津地铁2、3号线列车信号车载系统,采用庞巴迪公司的CITYFLO 650设备,满足了城市轨道交通对高安全性、高效率的要求。     

油船货油装卸操作模拟器的系统设计

油船货油装卸操作模拟器是我们自行开发研制的用于培训油船船员的大型仿真系统。针对该模拟器的功能、要求及特点,本文主要论述了该模拟系统的硬件拓扑结构、并行智能化的软件内核设计以及模拟器的各项仿真作业功能     

基于意向调查数据的非集计模型研究

当交通系统中引入新的交通方式时,传统的基于实绩选择调查数据的交通需求预测方法对于方式分担预测将会无效。本文以新交通方式的分担率预测模型为研究对象,提出基于实绩选择调查和假设意向调查组合数据的非集计模型,对模型中各种交通方式的效用函数进行了深入研究,并以东直门至首都机场的轨道交通客流预测为例,进行了参数估计和轨道分担率预测。实例研究表明,模型能够较准确的预测出新交通方式的分担率。     

关于高速公路隧道监控系统的应用与管理

阐述高速公路隧道监控系统功能,探讨隧道监控系统在运营管理中的作用和重要性,研究隧道监控系统的管理方法,维护措施,为高速公路正常运营和隧道安全提供可靠保障,提高运营管理单位应急处置能力和手段。在高速公路运营管理中,不断融入新科技、新技术,并充分发挥他们的作用,为国民经济发展和当地社会经济提供有力支持。     

深期地铁一期工程FALKO简述

根据深圳地铁一期工程采用的信号系统设备技术特点,对ATS子系统中运行时刻表编辑系统(FALKO)的数据组成、控制流程、系统功能作了初步介绍。