具有同时配送和回收需求的车辆路径问题的混合遗传算法

介绍了具有同时配送和回收需求的车辆路径问题(VRPSDP),并对其进行了描述,建立了该问题的数学规划模型。结合2-opt法和等级替换策略等设计了求解VRPSDP的一种混合遗传算法,给出了该算法初始种群的两种生成规则———随机生成和构造初始种群,设计了相应的交叉和变异算子,并详细阐述了违反约束条件的处理方法。通过随机模拟试验以及与其他方法的对比分析表明:该算法可有效缩短车辆行驶距离,而构造初始种群则在一定条件下可显著提高混合遗传算法的收敛速度并改善其运行结果。     

汽车碰撞台车模拟试验吸能器的研究

介绍一种钢筋阻尼吸能器,经过理论计算,该吸能装置可通过调节钢筋的种类、数量、长度和放置方式,复现不同车型、不同碰撞车速条件下的车身减速度波形,可广泛用于汽车安全部件的开发及试验验证。     

Dual extended Kalman filter for vehicle state and parameter estimation

The article demonstrates the implementation of a model-based vehicle estimator, which can be used for combined estimation of vehicle states and parameters. The estimator is realised using the dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) technique, which makes use of two Kalman filters running in parallel, thus 'splitting' the state and parameter estimation problems. Note that the two problems cannot be entirely separated due to their inherent interdependencies. This technique provides several advantages, such as the possibility to switch off the parameter estimator, once a sufficiently good set of estimates has been obtained. The estimator is based on a four-wheel vehicle model with four degrees of freedom, which accommodates the dominant modes only, and is designed to make use of several interchangeable tyre models. The paper demonstrates the appropriateness of the DEKF. Results to date indicate that this is an effective approach, which is considered to be of potential benefit to the automotive industry.     

Tractor-semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid-fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor-semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid-fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker's volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker's walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid-fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.     

走-停巡航系统分层控制器设计

结合驾驶统计模型，设计了走一停自适应巡航系统的纵向车间距离控制器。上位控制器的设计与车辆模型无关。在建立目标性能函数的基础上得到控制律；而下位控制器则将油门和制动控制独立设计，依据一定的切换逻辑使它们分别作用于车辆。在制动控制的设计中引入了改进型史密斯预估器。在多种工况下的仿真试验中表明控制器性能良好。     

不同混合动力电动轿车方案的比较与分析

设计了同在离合器前与发动机的动力耦合的ISA并联、电机在离合器后变速器前与发动机的动力耦合的一般并联、类似于Prius的混联三种HEV方案。对这三种方案和原轿车的最高车速、原地起步加速特性等动力性指标和基于ECE＋EUDC的100km油耗和续驶里程等能量经济性指标及排施行性进行了仿真和分析。得到相应结论。     

车辆控制系统CAN总线通信的实施方法

本文采用SAE J1939通信协议在载货车上实施了CAN总线通信，采用Intel87C196CA单片机实现了它的硬件通信，采用J1939通信协议设计了ABS控制器和变速器控制器的各种数据的辨识位和它们之间的通信过程。     

声全息方法识别汽车运动噪声

本文提出利用声全息原理，对运动状态下的汽车噪声源进行识别的方法，它能够用来分析汽车在高速运动过程中发动机的噪声，轮胎噪声和空气动力学噪声，通过低速和高速实验表明该方法是一种有效的方法，能够快速，准确识别运动车辆的噪声。     

车辆控制系统集成开发系统

本文介绍了一种新型的集成开发系统，该系统将模拟计算、实时硬件仿真和实车试验巧妙地放置在同一台微机内，利用微机软、硬件功能、实现了从模拟到样机全过程的高效开发，采用ＶｉｓｕａｌＢａｓｉｃ语言实现了模块化编程，程序在不同的模拟试验条件下具有可重用性，最后给出了一个车辆防抱死系统模拟试验的实便，验证了该系统的实用性与高效性。     

汽车车身装焊误差产生的原因分析及控制

汽车车身的装焊质量直接决定产品质量及整车性能。分析了汽车装焊的内在规律，并指出要保证良好的车身装焊质量，应从产品开发设计、工装的设计和制造、工艺的制定到工装的使用和维护、现场技术问题的处理、工人的操作以及零组件的尺寸保证等第一系列环节和过程进行综合的控制。