箱形预应力预制梁的设计与施工

箱形预应力预制梁以其良好的力学性能在工程中得到广泛应用,文章结合工程实例通过对其一般构造、经济技术指标、梁体平面布设、支座调平等方面,从设计与施工的角度加以介绍。     

施工阶段钢绞线摩阻损失变化规律探索

对钢绞线张拉理论精确伸长量和预应力损失之间的关系进行初步分析。在几个施工现场进行钢绞线逐级张拉试验，得出在较高锚下应力度下，实际摩阻损失与锚下应力大致呈线性规律变化。通过设置线性起始点偏差的阀值，来分析不同长度钢绞线的合理初应力起算点。通过分析伸长量偏差与预应力损失偏差的比值，初步得出伸预率比与钢绞线长之间的线性变化规律。     

活络式空心板梁抽芯内模施工技术

结合工程实例,介绍了一种空心板梁活络式抽芯内模施工工艺。通过和其他形式内模的比较,发现采用这种施工工艺可以克服传统胶囊内模的质量通病,并且成功解决了空心板梁内模难以取出的问题。     

富力桃园大桥箱梁合龙区域裂缝成因分析及加固

广州市富力桃园大桥合龙区域箱梁底板预应力张拉时,较多纵向裂缝出现在箱梁底部。通过现场勘察和计算分析,发现钢束实际产生的向下拉力远大于理论值。实际荷载作用下箱梁底板横向承载力不足及过大的拉力拉断钢束孔道侧壁,导致裂缝的产生。采用粘贴钢板法和反力梁法局部加强该区域,大桥维修加固后状况良好。     

预应力CFRP加筋土路堤的有限元分析

预应力CFRP加筋土路堤是一种新型的路堤施工技术,该技术采用了碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)作为加筋材料。路堤填筑到一定高度后对其下的筋带进行张拉,对土体施加侧向预压应力,从而提高了路堤的承载能力。这种路堤构筑技术采用MSC.Marc有限元软件进行仿真,有限元计算过程中考虑了筋带与填土的相互作用、填筑过程、预应力施加。与试验结果对比,计算结果较为合理。     

波形钢腹板组合箱梁加载效率试验研究

体外预应力波形钢腹板组合箱梁是一种新型的钢-混凝土组合结构,其剪力主要由钢腹板承担,混凝土顶底板承受绝大部分弯矩;由于充分发挥了材料性能,提高了材料效率,有着很好的应用前景。为了研究波形钢腹板的加载效率,制作了2根模型梁,通过测试预应力张拉时结构应变和变形规律,利用空间有限元方法进行分析,试验结果与理论结果吻合较好,并得到了该组合结构在预应力作用下的加载效率规律。对不同厚度腹板的普通混凝土梁进行了参数对比分析,结果表明,波形钢腹板组合箱梁在预应力加载效率方面具有较强的优势。     

轮边驱动系统对车辆垂向性能影响的研究现状

由于引入轮毂电机,使得轮边驱动电动汽车驱动系统的质量显著增加,引起整车非簧载质量相对过大,恶化了车辆垂向性能。在查阅国内外大量文献的基础上,详细介绍了对轮边驱动系统相关问题的研究现状,具体分析了非簧载质量过大对车辆垂向性能的影响以及国内外解决该问题的主要方法和效果,最后对轮边驱动系统未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

管幕内顶进箱涵时顶部管幕力学作用的试验研究

上海市中环线虹许路北虹路下立交工程是目前世界上在饱和含水软土地层中施工的横截面最大的管幕法工程。为了充分研究箱涵顶进过程中管幕的力学作用,根据相似理论,按照实际工程状况进行了室内模型试验,得到了箱涵推进过程中地面和顶部管幕的竖向位移,以及管幕下土压力的变化特征,发现箱涵前端一定范围内的地层主要表现为竖向沉降变形,顶部管幕在箱涵推进过程中起到一定的承载作用,这对于稳定箱涵前端开挖面是有利的。试验结果对实际工程的设计与施工提供了一定的参考。     

缓粘结预应力技术在高铁站房中的应用研究

结合新建太焦城际铁路晋城东站、高平东站两座高铁站房工程实例,详细介绍了高速铁路站房缓粘结预应力施工工艺流程及关键施工技术,并制定试验方案和流程开展了缓凝粘合剂的稠度对预应力筋摩擦损失的影响分析。通过试验对胶黏剂的稠度、硬度及缓粘结预应力钢绞线的摩擦系数分析,认为当现场施工温度超过25℃时,缓凝粘合剂的固化会被加速,摩擦损失增大。因此,现场施工中需要准确控制施工温度和缓凝粘合剂的实际张拉适用期,以保证在摩擦损失较小的张拉适用期内完成张拉。     

A reliable location model for heterogeneous systems under partial capacity losses

Due to the interdependency between multiple infrastructure systems, the performance of a facility may depend on the resources or supplies received from other facilities. However, cross-system interdependence has seldom been studied in the location design context, probably due to the lack of a concise model describing interdependence across heterogeneous systems. This paper proposes a new heterogeneous flow scheme to describe cross-system interdependence. This scheme has two features distinguished from existing models in describing an interdependent facility location problem. First, it is a simple linear model upon which a compact facility location model can be built. Secondly, it relaxes the need to maintain flow conservation between different systems and is suitable in describing heterogeneous systems that take in and output different resources or services. Built on this scheme, this paper proposes a reliable location design model for a nexus of interdependent infrastructure systems. This model aims to locate the optimal facility locations in multiple heterogeneous systems to balance the tradeoff between the facility investment and the expected nexus operation performance. Different from other reliable facility location models, this expected performance captures interdependence among heterogeneous systems due to the resource input-output relationships. The consideration of continuous partial capacity losses complements the reliable location literature that mainly focuses on binary disruptions. Two numerical examples are conducted for investigating features and applications of the proposed model. The results indicate that with a standard off-the-shelf integer programming solver, the proposed model is able to solve optimal facility location design for problem instances of realistic scales to the near-optimum solutions with optimality gap assurance. Sensitivity analyses of key parameters indicate that improving facility capacity and reducing interdependency between systems can mitigate impacts of facility capacity losses and reduce the overall system cost.