Driver fatigue: a vision-based approach to automatic diagnosis

In this paper, we describe a system that locates and tracks the eyes of a driver. The purpose of such a system is to perform detection of driver fatigue. By mounting a small camera inside the car, we can monitor the face of the driver and look for eye movements which indicate that the driver is no longer in condition to drive. In such a case, a warning signal should be issued. This paper describes how to find and track the eyes. We also describe a method that can determine if the eyes are open or closed. The primary criterion for this system is that it must be highly non-intrusive. The system must also operate regardless of the texture and the color of the face. It must also be able to handle changing conditions such as changes in light, shadows, reflections, etc. Initial experimental results are very promising even when the driver moves his/her head in a way such that the camera does not have a frontal view of the driver’s face.     

Experimental analysis of tyre-enveloping characteristics at low speed

In this study, experiments are conducted to investigate tyre-enveloping characteristics. Four different types of tyres are tested. Parameters such as different tyre inflation pressures, vertical loads and types of obstacles (cleats) are considered. In addition to vertical stiffnesses of all tyres, vertical and horizontal force variations while traversing different obstacles at low speed are studied. The effects of inflation pressure and vertical load on variations of force and moment are investigated. Static test results showed that after a certain vertical displacement, all curves in force–deflection diagrams plotted with and without cleat intersect regardless of cleat and tyre types, depending on the inflation pressure of the tyre, which can be called typical static tyre-enveloping characteristics. Test results at low speed show that there is a considerable influence of the vertical load on vertical and lateral force responses of a tyre.     

BIM辅助铁路隧道施工方案可视化设计应用

基于BIM技术的3D可视化设计环境和4D虚拟仿真环境,研究BIM辅助施工方案可视化设计和虚拟推演的方法和流程,以及施工方案的环境、结构和施工设施等三维数字模型设计原则。针对铁路隧道仰拱与仰拱填充施工特点,利用BIM辅助施工方案可视化设计,建立施工方案的三维数字模型,优化设计仰拱与仰拱填充快速施工装备与工艺,模拟方案的施工过程。结果表明,BIM辅助铁路隧道施工方案优化设计,取得了很好的效果。     

世界第一高钢桁梁斜拉桥动力特性试验研究

以跨径为720 m、桥面距地面516 m的世界第一高钢桁梁斜拉桥—北盘江大桥为例,采用有限元软件MIDAS/CIVIL2016建立有限元模型,进行大桥自振特性理论分析。介绍了钢桁架斜拉桥动力荷载试验方法和过程,对大桥的固有频率、动应变等实测参数与理论进行了对比。试验结果表明,大桥数值分析与实测数据吻合较好,实测整体刚度大于理论刚度,具有一定的安全储备,结构受力特性正常,可为同类钢桁梁斜拉桥检测评定提供参考。     

精密仪器中光电探测器件的特性与选用

在光电技术产业化过程中，光电器件的重要性日益显现。光电器件的种类很多，功能各异。如何掌握各种光电器件的特性及正确选用光电器件是光电技术实际应用中的关键。在对一个光电系统的性能指标进行评价时，系统所选用的光电器件的性能参数指标已经成为最重要的影响因素之一。本文介绍了常用光电器件的主要特性，对常用光电器件进行了对比。讨论了光电器件应用选择时的注意事项与技巧，并对选用光电器件的基本原则进行了总结。     

3D brush model to predict longitudinal tyre characteristics

A 3D tyre brush model, which aims to predict the longitudinal tyre characteristic under steady-state conditions by modelling the occurring physical effects in the tyre–road contact patch, is presented. The model includes an analytical method to describe the tyre footprint geometry, the pressure distribution, the slip due to the lateral tyre contour, the slip due to braking or traction and the longitudinal as well as the lateral shear stresses on a flattened tyre. The presented development tool offers a method to investigate different rubber friction data (caused by different tread compounds and/or surface textures) and to analyse its influence on longitudinal tyre characteristics. The tyre design is fixed (same casing, dimension and pattern). The results include the shear stresses as well as the different sliding velocities in the contact patch for different slip conditions. The model was developed for a standard summer pattern design and a standard tyre dimension (205/55R16). It can also be adapted to other tread designs and tyre dimensions. To offer a good comparability between model results and test bench measurements, the surface curvature of an internal test rig is considered.     

Application of the Pareto-optimal approach for selecting dynamic characteristics of seat suspension systems

In this paper, a method for selecting the dynamic characteristics of seat suspension systems is presented. The basic principle of such a method consists in the shaping of nonlinear seat suspension dynamic behaviour for the different requirements defined by machine operators. A combined optimisation procedure has allowed to find the Pareto-optimal system configuration with simultaneous minimisation of conflicted optimisation criteria: the suspended body acceleration and suspension travel. As an example of the proposed method, the seat with a viscous-elastic passive suspension is investigated and its vibro-isolation properties are shaped by the air-spring and shock-absorber force characteristics.     

能效设计指数EEDI功率曲线的直接计算方法

船舶能效规则强制生效后，所有适用船舶必须满足Attained EEDI≤Requied EEDI的条件，因此准确估算或预报功率曲线从而计算得到Attained EEDI将对适用船型具有极为重要的意义。根据国内外关于功率-转速-航速预报的最新进展，依据螺旋桨敞水性能图谱，采用KT/J^2系数，给出了功率曲线的直接计算方法，经实际算例验证，该方法相对传统的间接计算方法更为清晰简便，且结果准确可靠。     

超大跨度双跨钢桁梁悬索桥动力特性分析和模态试验

以跨径布置460 m+1480 m+491 m的一座双跨钢桁梁悬索桥结构为工程背景,充分考虑结构几何非线性效应、大位移非线性效应等因素的影响,建立了算例桥梁的MIDAS空间有限元分析模型,对基本动力特性进行了仿真分析和结构振动试验测试;对成桥结构进行动力特征参数测试,并与理论计算值进行了对比分析,该桥实测动力特征参数与对应理论计算值基本吻合,且测试值大于理论计算值,这表明成桥结构实测刚度大于理论设计目标值。     

韩国集装箱码头的特点

介绍韩国集装箱港口的现状、发展规划,以及在功能定位、建设标准、总体布置和设备配置等方面的一些特点。