论海洋环境损害赔偿诉讼原告资格的扩大化

随着海洋环境损害问题日趋严重,引发的赔偿纠纷越来越多.求偿主体日趋多元化,公共利益纳入保护的范畴.我国海洋环境损害赔偿诉讼面临着起诉难、起诉混乱、诉讼主体缺失的窘境,为此,民事诉讼法的修改应立足现实,借鉴国际先进经验,确立公益诉讼制度,使海洋环境诉讼原告资格扩大.     

Analysis of Micro-cars' Influence on Traffic Network Using a Microscopic Simulator

The environmental effects and network performance of mixed traffic, consisting of micro-cars and conventional cars, on a small network are investigated using microscopic simulations. After calibrating the simulation model, the effects of three assumptions concerning micro-car speeds are investigated using the model. First, the parameters needed for network performance evaluation are determined iteratively. The power required to meet total travel demand is then computed to predict emissions. A higher ratio of micro-cars in the traffic reduces emissions, as does a lower micro-car speed. To investigate travel efficiency, the main parameters used are average speed, total travel time and total delay time. The results suggest that a higher ratio of micro-cars has a positive effect on the network when their speed is the same as or a slightly lower than that of conventional cars, while a higher ratio of micro-cars has a negative effect when their speed is close to the average traffic speed of the base model. To obtain a suitable balance between desired environmental effects and road network performance, we recommend that the desired speed of micro-cars be set to 40–45 km/h on a small urban traffic network.     

Considering “Coastal Carbon” in Existing U.S. Federal Statutes and Policies

Coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrasses provide important ecosystem services, including nursery habitat for fish, shoreline protection, and the recently recognized service of carbon sequestration and storage. When these wetland ecosystems are degraded or destroyed, the carbon can be released to the atmosphere, where it adds to the concentration of greenhouses gases (GHGs) that contribute to climate change. Many federal statutes and policies specifically require that impacts on ecosystem services be considered in policy implementation. Yet, no federal statute, regulation, or policy accounts directly for the carbon held in coastal habitats. There are a number of federal statutes and policies for which coastal carbon ecosystem services could reasonably be added to environmental and ecosystem considerations already implemented. We look at a subset of these statutes and policies to illustrate how coastal carbon ecosystem services and values might affect the implementation and outcomes of such statutes generally. We identify key steps for the inclusion of the ecosystem services of coastal habitats into the implementation of existing federal policies without statutory changes; doing so would increase the degree to which these policies consider the full economic and ecological impacts of policy actions.     

Environmental Protection in Coastal Recreation Sites in Antalya,Turkey

This study was designed to evaluate different approaches to the protection of the environments of coastal recreation sites in and around Antalya, Turkey. Data was collected by means of a survey of coastal recreation sites and six categories were evaluated: environmental protection, infrastructure facilities, water conservation, energy conservation, waste management, and protection of the natural environment. The results indicated that there was a clear motivation among site managers or authorities for environmental protection (p < .05), infrastructure facilities (p < .001), water conservation (p < .05), energy conservation (p < .05) and the protection of the natural environment (p < .001) but waste management was not accorded a priority. The quality of coastal recreation largely relies on the attractiveness and naturalness of the environment. Although good quality site management largely depends on the awareness and willingness of individual site managers, more proactive approaches toward better environmental protection of recreation sites along the Turkish Mediterranean coast might be effective in improving their sustainable use, particularly in the absence of proper site planning.     

云桂铁路南宁枢纽客车外绕线环保选线研究

由于南宁市城市总体规划、邕江一级水源保护区分布特点等自然条件限制,重点从环境保护和工程可行性角度,多层次多角度研究分析了云桂铁路南宁枢纽客车外绕线最适宜的线位,对工程前期可行性研究重大线路方案提出较好的指导意见,以使工程建设对环境影响降到最低。     

Coastal Ecosystems and Agricultural Land Use: New Challenges on California's Central Coast

This article uses the Central Coast region of California as a case study to examine the challenges of protecting coastal ecosystems near areas of intensive agricultural production. Coastal water quality and biodiversity are greatly impacted by regional land use. Agricultural land use can have significant impacts on water quality through erosion and the runoff of agricultural chemicals. While the Central Coast region of California is a center for intensive agricultural production, it is also home to the largest marine sanctuary in the United States. This combination has resulted in intensive efforts from government agencies and conservation organizations to reduce pollution associated with agriculture. Efforts have focused on education and incentives, but are recently facing increasing challenges stemming from new standards created by the produce industry in response to food safety concerns. Personal interviews with crop growers were used to explore these challenges and to better understand the range of possible environmental impacts resulting from new food safety standards. Results indicate that substantial management changes are taking place that are likely to impact regional water quality and wildlife. This case study also explores the role of policy networks in shaping management decisions and illustrates how certain approaches to addressing agricultural pollution may be vulnerable to external policy changes.     

纳米二氧化钛处治汽车尾气效果与应用方法的研究

根据特殊试验过程自主研制了部分试验仪器,针对不同添加方式对有害气体的催化效果进行了相关试验研究,比较了相同添加剂量下级配类型对分解效果的影响.另外还考虑在防撞墙表面涂刷纳米二氧化钛以增强道路系统对尾气的分解能力.结果表明,直接拌和方法适用于大规模的道路施工,且对尾气分解效果明显;OGFC级配因其较大的空隙而更有利于纳米...     

机动车尾气排放和扩散研究综述

随着社会经济和城市建设的迅速发展,机动车保有量急剧增加,造成交通拥堵问题日益严重,同时也导致了更为严重的交通污染问题。随着机动车尾气排放污染的日益加剧,对其研究也越来越广泛和深入。关于尾气排放的研究大致可以分为2个方面:(1)机动车尾气排放研究,从微观层面、中观层面、宏观层面对其进行研究,包括尾气排放获取数据的方法、机动车行驶周期及尾气排放模型的研究。(2)机动车尾气扩散研究,主要是其扩散模型的研究。此外排放控制策略研究也越来越受到重视,其研究趋势逐步由针对发动机改进等降低单个车辆的排放发展到整个路网的排放量改善的交通控制管理措施。     

多功能环保节能全天候路面清扫车设计

随着社会的不断发展,单纯意义上的清扫作业已不能满足现行路面的需求,多功能、环保节能和全天候等方面的要求越来越多,针对国内外现有各类清扫车的发展现状和市场需求,设计了一款多功能环保节能全天候路面清扫车。着重介绍了该车各系统的工作原理和结构。     

散货港口生产全生命周期环境管理信息系统研发

针对我国散货港口粉尘污染严重、主要环保设备使用效率较低的现状,结合港口生产各个产尘环节的特点,立足于港口清洁生产、高效生产的需要,着手解决港口环境管理信息平台的架构、模型选择与系统开发的问题。建立散货港口环境管理信息系统,提高港口环境的自动化、信息化水平。