大型钢结构非滑道建造过程中风荷载作用的研究

海洋大型钢结构一般在滑道上建造,而本工程的18个大型模块需在非滑道的码头强夯土基础上建造。本研究通过建立在码头强夯地基上模块结构整体的有限元模型,对结构物在建造过程中,受海上风载作用下结构支点的作用进行分析,为结构建造过程中的安全分析提供理论依据。     

客运专线隧道内接触网悬挂方式选择及可行性分析

根据合宁铁路客运专线隧道结构条件，介绍了目前客运专线隧道内主要采用的几种悬挂方式，从悬挂类型、支持结构、下锚补偿等方面进行了对比，并对不同隧道结构条件下各种悬挂方式的可行性进行了研究分析。     

广州地铁二号线列车受电弓碳滑板异常磨耗分析

分析了可能造成广州地铁二号线列车受电弓碳滑板出现异常磨耗问题的原因,确定造成碳滑板异常磨耗的因素主要包括:接触网布置的均匀性及受电弓弓头结构、升弓保持力等。     

A rail roughness growth model for a wheelset with non-steady,non-Hertzian contact

This paper presents a model simulating rail roughness growth in which the interaction of a wheelset with the track is considered. The aim is to investigate any possible mechanism for roughness growth due to the coupling between the vertical dynamics, the torsional vibration across the axle of the wheelset and the non-steady contact mechanics. The time-domain simulations are carried out for a driven wheelset on tangent track. Both rigid and flexible are considered with parameter variations for moments of the wheelset, vehicle speeds and wavelengths of initial roughnesses. The 2D non-Hertzian and non-steady contact model used in simulations are based on influence coefficients obtained from a boundary element model. The nonlinear development of the rail roughnesses after millions of wheelset passages is also presented.     

Tangential problem solution for non-elliptical contact areas with the FastSim algorithm

This article deals with the application of the FastSim algorithm to the solution of the tangential contact problem for non-elliptical contact areas. At first, the causes creating problems for the solution of non-hertzian contact areas with this algorithm shall be analyzed. Then, different currently existing methods shall be studied, analyzing their accuracy characteristics and computational cost to determine whether or not they are appropriate to use in dynamic simulations. Finally, a new strategy shall be proposed that, in the opinion of the authors, offers good characteristics of precision and computational cost.     

Design of an optimised wheel profile for rail vehicles operating on two-track gauges

This article sets out an optimum synthesis methodology for wheel profiles of railway vehicles in order to secure good dynamic behaviour with different track configurations. Specifically, the optimisation process has been applied to the case of rail wheelsets mounted on double-gauge bogies that move over two different gauges, which also have different types of rail: the Iberian gauge (1668 mm) and the International Union of Railways (UIC) gauge (1435 mm). Optimisation is performed using Genetic Algorithms and traditional optimisation methods in a complementary way. The objective function used is based on an ideal equivalent conicity curve which ensures good stability on straight sections and also proper negotiation of curves. To this end, the curve is constructed in such a way that it is constant with a low value for small lateral wheelset displacements (with regard to stability), and increases as the displacements increase (to facilitate negotiation of curved sections). Using this kind of ideal conicity curve also enables a wheel profile to be secured where the contact points have a larger distribution over the active contact areas, making wear more homogeneous and reducing stresses. The result is a wheel profile with a conicity that is closer to the target conicity for both gauges studied, producing better curve negotiation while maintaining good stability on straight sections of track. The article shows the resultant wheel profile, the contact curves it produces, and a number of dynamic analyses demonstrating better dynamic behaviour of the synthesised wheel on curved sections with respect to the original wheel.     

Estimation of wheel–rail friction for vehicle certification

In certification of new rail vehicles with respect to running characteristics, a wide variety of operating conditions needs to be considered. However, in associated test runs the wheel–rail friction condition is difficult to handle because the friction coefficient needs to be fairly high and the friction is also generally hard to assess. This is an issue that has been studied in the European project DynoTRAIN and part of the results is presented in this paper. More specifically, an algorithm for estimating the wheel–rail friction coefficient at vehicle certification tests is proposed. Owing to lack of some measurement results, the algorithm here is evaluated in a simulation environment which is also an important step towards practical implementation. A quality measure of the friction estimate is suggested in terms of estimated wheel–rail spin and total creep. It is concluded that, tentatively, the total creep should exceed 0.006 and the spin should be less than 1.0 m^?1 for the algorithm to give a good friction estimate. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to imitate measurement errors, but should be expanded in further work.     

一种通用的轮轨两点弹性接触的计算方法

介绍了一种通过查三维弹性模型数表来求解轮轨接触问题的方法,该方法可以考虑两点接触对车辆运行性能的影响,包括轮对冲角的影响。通过算例,对比分析了三维两点接触模型和二维模型对磨耗数和脱轨系数的影响情况,并对求解轮轨接触问题的查表法和在线计算法的优缺点进行了研究。     

A railway vehicle multibody model for real-time applications

Hardware in the loop (HIL) techniques are widely used for fast prototyping of control systems, electronic and mechatronic devices. In the railway field, several mechatronic on board subsystems are often tested and calibrated following the HIL approach. The accuracy of HIL tests depends on how the simulated virtual environment approximates the physical conditions. As the computational power available on real-time hardware grows, the demand for more complex and realistic models of railway vehicles for real-time application increases. In past research activities, the authors worked on the implementation of simplified real-time models for several applications and in particular for an HIL test rig devoted to the type approval of wheel slide protection systems. The activity has then been focused on the development of a three-dimensional model of the dynamics of a railway vehicle for more complex applications. The paper summarises the features and the results of the study.