基于ADAMS的塑壳断路器机构与旋转式触头系统动力学分析

本文基于ADAMS分析了一种壳架电流等级为800 A的双断口塑壳断路器运动系统合闸、分闸、脱扣和再扣运动过程,并通过物理样机试验验证了该分析的正确性.研究结果表明,通过仿真计算可以准确分析断路器操作机构与触头系统的动力学特性,从而对机构进行优化获得所需要的机构运动特性和触头参数,为新型断路器设计提供理论基础;通过仿真分...     

用于儿童头部损伤生物力学研究的碰撞理论模型建立及验证

机动车事故和跌落等碰撞工况是造成儿童头部受伤的重要原因,研究碰撞过程中儿童头部的动力学响应对于头部损伤的预测具有重要意义。头部动力学模型能够快速预测不同碰撞场景下头部动态响应结果并进而预测头部损伤风险。首先,建立考虑颅骨及皮肤厚度和形态曲率的儿童头部碰撞理论模型用于预测儿童头部在碰撞工况下的响应。然后,通过儿童头部CT扫描提取颅骨及皮肤几何结构,对颅骨和皮肤三维重建后进行分割和定量离散,分别得到能描述颅骨内侧、颅骨外侧及皮肤形态的离散点集群,通过计算得到碰撞点周围的平均曲率与厚度,基于建立的头部碰撞理论模型可计算不同碰撞位置(不同厚度和曲率)的碰撞力。最后,通过碰撞试验对建立的碰撞理论模型进行验证,使用不同年龄的小型猪头部作为儿童头部的代替品进行碰撞试验,将试验结果与上述建立的理论模型对小型猪头部碰撞响应的预测结果(基于小型猪头部的真实的形态曲率、皮肤和颅骨厚度数据)进行对比。研究结果表明：建立的理论模型可以较为准确地预测碰撞脉宽和最大碰撞力;提出的儿童头部碰撞动力学理论模型能够快速预测头部不同碰撞位置的动力学响应,可以为儿童头部损伤的进一步研究提供参考和理论支撑。     

水泥混凝土桥面力学响应影响因素分析研究

不同的桥面铺装结构参数、荷载形式、环境条件、桥梁跨径及层间接触条件等都会对沥青铺装层的力学响应产生影响,因此,有必要分析这些因素对水泥混凝土桥面铺装结构的应力应变状况的影响,为铺装层的设计和施工提供理论依据。     

接触网无交叉式线岔的工作原理与调整方法

针对国内准高速、高速铁路的快速发展及既有提速干线接触网改造的现状,阐述高速铁路接触网无交叉式线岔的工作原理及调整方法。     

Influence of tyre–road contact model on vehicle vibration response

The influence of the tyre–road contact model on the simulated vertical vibration response was analysed. Three contact models were compared: tyre–road point contact model, moving averaged profile and tyre-enveloping model. In total, 1600 real asphalt concrete and Portland cement concrete longitudinal road profiles were processed. The linear planar model of automobile with 12 degrees of freedom (DOF) was used. Five vibration responses as the measures of ride comfort, ride safety and dynamic load of cargo were investigated. The results were calculated as a function of vibration response, vehicle velocity, road quality and road surface type. The marked differences in the dynamic tyre forces and the negligible differences in the ride comfort quantities were observed among the tyre–road contact models. The seat acceleration response for three contact models and 331 DOF multibody model of the truck semi-trailer was compared with the measured response for a known profile of test section.     

京沪高速铁路先导段接触网原型系统设计

介绍了为进行高速铁路科技成果验证及最高运营时速试验而设置的京沪高速铁路先导段下行接触网原型系统的主要技术特征,对该系统的额定工作张力体系、导线及配套零部件、结构安装的优化设计等关键技术进行了论述。     

The role of the contact geometry in wheel–rail impact due to wheel flats: Part II

A classification of wheel flats according to the different stages of their growth is given, along with the characteristic features of the dynamic wheel–rail interaction for each category. Mathematical expressions and frequency spectra of the corresponding wheel mass trajectories are derived. Difference is made between the subcritical and the transcritical speed regime. A criterion is derived for contact loss for worn flats. Simulations show that the dynamic wheel–rail interaction is governed by the track stiffness for low train speeds or long flat lengths; for high speeds and/or short flat lengths the interaction is governed by the inertial properties of the wheel and the rail. For a given flat geometry, nonlinearities in the relationship between the impact magnitude and the train speed occur in the stiffness-dominated speed domain, whereas this relationship is approximately linear in the inertia-governed domain. In the latter domain, the impact magnitude is found to be linearly dependent upon the maximum trajectorial curvature or inversely linearly dependent on the minimum circumferential wheel tread curvature. The above relationships are valid for the subcritical speed regime, in which no contact loss occurs. Different contributions from the literature are compared with respect to the established relationship between impact magnitude and speed. Significant differences are found, due to insufficiently defined parameters and conditions. Conditions are derived for a consistent application of the so-called equivalent rail indentation in experiments with wheel flats, and the indirect strain registration method for measuring dynamic wheel–rail contact forces is reviewed.     

Influence of wheel–rail contact modelling on vehicle dynamic simulation

This paper presents a comparison of four models of rolling contact used for online contact force evaluation in rail vehicle dynamics. Until now only a few wheel–rail contact models have been used for online simulation in multibody software (MBS). Many more models exist and their behaviour has been studied offline, but a comparative study of the mutual influence between the calculation of the creep forces and the simulated vehicle dynamics seems to be missing. Such a comparison would help researchers with the assessment of accuracy and calculation time. The contact methods investigated in this paper are FASTSIM, Linder, Kik–Piotrowski and Stripes. They are compared through a coupling between an MBS for the vehicle simulation and Matlab for the contact models. This way the influence of the creep force calculation on the vehicle simulation is investigated. More specifically this study focuses on the influence of the contact model on the simulation of the hunting motion and on the curving behaviour.     

组合开关中灯控开关的失效原因及解决方案

汽车组合开关的灯控开关部分由于负载电流比较大，因此成为产品品质的关键部分。本文主要针对汽车组合开关中灯控开关出现的产品品质问题进行原因分析，提出解决方案及实施。     

过电压引起电力机车放电间隙击穿原因分析

针对电气化铁路过电压导致电力机车放电间隙击穿，造成牵引变电所跳闸的现象，进行电力机车升降弓和通过接触网关节式分相的过电压试验，对过电压引起电力机车放电间隙击穿放电问题的原因进行分析。