Influence of wheel–rail contact modelling on vehicle dynamic simulation

This paper presents a comparison of four models of rolling contact used for online contact force evaluation in rail vehicle dynamics. Until now only a few wheel–rail contact models have been used for online simulation in multibody software (MBS). Many more models exist and their behaviour has been studied offline, but a comparative study of the mutual influence between the calculation of the creep forces and the simulated vehicle dynamics seems to be missing. Such a comparison would help researchers with the assessment of accuracy and calculation time. The contact methods investigated in this paper are FASTSIM, Linder, Kik–Piotrowski and Stripes. They are compared through a coupling between an MBS for the vehicle simulation and Matlab for the contact models. This way the influence of the creep force calculation on the vehicle simulation is investigated. More specifically this study focuses on the influence of the contact model on the simulation of the hunting motion and on the curving behaviour.     

组合开关中灯控开关的失效原因及解决方案

汽车组合开关的灯控开关部分由于负载电流比较大，因此成为产品品质的关键部分。本文主要针对汽车组合开关中灯控开关出现的产品品质问题进行原因分析，提出解决方案及实施。     

过电压引起电力机车放电间隙击穿原因分析

针对电气化铁路过电压导致电力机车放电间隙击穿，造成牵引变电所跳闸的现象，进行电力机车升降弓和通过接触网关节式分相的过电压试验，对过电压引起电力机车放电间隙击穿放电问题的原因进行分析。     

牵引接触网故障测距应用及准确度调整浅析

介绍了直供和AT供电方式下接触网故障测距原理及其应用特点,提出了保证故障测距准确度调整方法。     

A new method for determining wheel–rail multi-point contact

A new method for wheel–rail multi-point contact is presented in this paper. In this method, the first- and the second-order derivatives of the wheel–rail interpolation distance function and the elastic wheel–rail virtual penetration are used to determine multiple contact points. The method takes account of the yaw angle of the wheelset and allows the identification of all possible points of contact between wheel and rail surfaces with an arbitrary geometry. Static contact geometry calculations are first carried out using the developed method for both new and worn wheel profiles and with a new rail profile. The validity of the method is then verified by simulations of a coupled vehicle and track system dynamics over a small radius curve. The simulation results show that the developed method for multi-point contact is efficient and reliable enough to be implemented online for simulations of vehicle–track system dynamics.     

汽车电气设备教材对"附加电阻"的讲述有错

本文从点火线圈的初级电路始终处于暂态的工作过程,去看待无附加电阻的点火线圈和有附加电阻的点火线圈的特点,然后将它们进行对比得出结论:①附加电阻是在减小线圈的内阻条件下而设置的,线圈内阻减小后,发动机低转速时,平均电流虽大,但线圈内的发热功率并不大,线圈不会过热。②有了附加电阻,初级电路中多了一个分段点,有条件使发动机起动时将附加电阻短接,蓄电池电压虽下降了很多(可降到9 V),此电压直接加在点火线圈两端,点火线圈仍可供给充裕的点火能量。③附加电阻选用电阻温度系数小的材料,可以保证实现发动机高转速时不断火。     

荷载形状对钢桥面铺装力学响应的影响

针对轮胎接地形状的不规则性,构造理想传力垫层、运用三维有限元接触分析方法分析了矩形、椭圆、长圆3种简化荷载形状在具有不同单轮横向宽度及两轮中心距时铺装层的力学响应。结果表明单轮横向宽度与两轮中心距对横向拉应变有较大影响,而矩形形状荷载计算结果较椭圆和长圆形状荷载小。与实测数据的对比分析表明:以往计算采用的单轮横向宽度偏小,长圆荷载的计算结果与实测值更接近,在用简化矩形均布荷载分析钢桥面铺装力学响应时,单轮横向宽度与两轮中心距应该尽量按实际情况选取,并进行荷载形状修正。     

轮轨滚动噪声激扰模型研究

为解决轮轨高频非线性接触问题和预测轮轨滚动噪声,需研究轮轨表面粗糙度的时域模型。在基于线性化理论的轮轨表面粗糙度频域表示方法的基础上,为满足轮轨非线性接触的要求,采用时频转换的方法建立轮轨表面粗糙度时域输入模型,并以Sato轮轨表面粗糙度谱为例,运用所建立的轮轨噪声预测模型及开发的轮轨噪声预测分析软件对轮轨滚动噪声辐射进行了仿真计算,将得到的轮轨滚动噪声频谱特征及其时域特点与工程实际监测结果进行对比分析,证明模型是可靠的。     

高速铁路竖曲线地段接触线弛度设置的探讨

本文针对高速铁路竖曲线地段的接触线弛度的设置进行了探讨,并通过现场实测,在吊弦计算时确定出竖曲线凹凸区段接触线弛度预留的具体量值,以保证良好的弓网受流质量。     

火箭弹发射时连接螺纹处强度的数值分析和研究

基于非线性有限元数值分析,研究了某型号火箭弹内连接螺纹在发射中的强度问题。计算中考虑了材料的非线性问题和螺纹间的接触问题。计算结果表明,接触部位存在着明显的应力集中现象,但螺纹部位总体的应力水平较低,能够保证火箭弹的发射安全。