存储场地有限制的经济订购模型的一种优化方法

对于采购资金和存储场地等有一定限制条件的经济订购模型,目前一般采用拉格朗日乘子法求解.本文用可行方向法运用计算机求解存储场地有限制的订购模型.该方法具有结果精确、运算速度快、适应多种限制条件的存储问题等特点,比拉格朗日乘子法适应面广.     

沈南、浑南大道交通与景观设计

该文以沈阳沈南大道、浑南大道两条相交道路的改造与新建为研究对象,提出了道路景观设计的新构想：城市道路设计除了满足交通需求,还应达到建筑美、环境美、动态美的结合,以建设更加便利、舒适的道路。     

虚拟层合单元与杆单元在桥梁预应力混凝土结构分析中的合成方法

对预应力混凝土的计算方法和研究现状做出了评价,提出针对预应力混凝土结构分析的单元形式。通过自由度变换,把空间杆单元的节点自由度用空间虚拟层合单元的节点自由度来表示,即杆单元的节点无需固定在体单元节点上,共同模拟了预应力混凝土结构。在单元内采用选择性积分的方法计算单元刚度矩阵,用较少的单元模拟出了复杂的断面形式;并采用单独的空间杆单元模拟预应力束,能直接求解预应力对结构产生的变形和内力。经实例验证分析,使用该单元进行预应力混凝土结构分析,在网格划分比较稀疏的情况下,仍然获得较为精确的结果,较传统的预应力计算方法更为简单、更为准确。     

多层次公交线网拓扑结构分析

为构建与城市道路等级相类似的分级(层)公交线路,明确不同线路的主体功能,有序而科学的引导乘客的出行行为和习惯,减轻地面道路交通压力的同时创建一个优良的公共交通服务体系,根据城市布局结构和路网架构特征,参考一般的公交线网结构,构建适应多层次公交特点、分别适用于单中心、多中心、分离式组团和带状等4类城市用地布局的公交网络拓扑结构,并提出了串联、并联、叉联和枝联等4种线路连接方式。研究结果可用于指导不同用地布局城市多层次公交线网架构,并为进一步深入研究多层次公交线网的规划设计打下基础。     

开创地下管线管理新纪元

城市道路建设原则是先地下、后地上,要想避免建成后的道路反复开挖,应成立综合管线管理公司,提高城市管理水平。     

低桩承台防汛墙微型桩基原位试验研究

本文针对苏州河综合整治某新建防汛墙工程实例 ,通过原位试验方法对低桩承台微型桩基桩土共同作用机理进行了初步的分析和讨论。     

连续梁拱桥空间计算分析

就一个连续梁拱桥方案论证过程,运用ansys有限元软件建立空间模型,对该桥的静力、动力及稳定性等控制因素进行了计算分析.结果表明,该连续梁拱桥各项特性均满足规范要求.     

汶川地震震中区高速公路隧道超前地质预报方法

映汶高速公路公路位于四川汶川大地震震中,受地震强烈构造作用影响,隧址区岩体裂隙发育,松散破碎,存在构造富水,地震垮塌堆积体众多,地质条件极为复杂。文章根据本工程隧道的工程地质问题,通过对国内外隧道超前地质预报常用方法的分析,提出了针对本工程的隧道超前地质预报方案,并对地质预报的实施应用及效果进行了举例说明。     

Approximate network loading and dual-time-scale dynamic user equilibrium

In this paper we present a dual-time-scale formulation of dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) with demand evolution. Our formulation belongs to the problem class that Pang and Stewart (2008) refer to as differential variational inequalities. It combines the within-day time scale for which route and departure time choices fluctuate in continuous time with the day-to-day time scale for which demand evolves in discrete time steps. Our formulation is consistent with the often told story that drivers adjust their travel demands at the end of every day based on their congestion experience during one or more previous days. We show that analysis of the within-day assignment model is tremendously simplified by expressing dynamic user equilibrium as a differential variational inequality. We also show there is a class of day-to-day demand growth models that allow the dual-time-scale formulation to be decomposed by time-stepping to yield a sequence of continuous time, single-day, dynamic user equilibrium problems. To solve the single-day DUE problems arising during time-stepping, it is necessary to repeatedly solve a dynamic network loading problem. We observe that the network loading phase of DUE computation generally constitutes a differential algebraic equation (DAE) system, and we show that the DAE system for network loading based on the link delay model (LDM) of Friesz et al. (1993) may be approximated by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). That system of ODEs, as we demonstrate, may be efficiently solved using traditional numerical methods for such problems. To compute an actual dynamic user equilibrium, we introduce a continuous time fixed-point algorithm and prove its convergence for effective path delay operators that allow a limited type of nonmonotone path delay. We show that our DUE algorithm is compatible with network loading based on the LDM and the cell transmission model (CTM) due to Daganzo (1995). We provide a numerical example based on the much studied Sioux Falls network.     

The accuracy of proxy responses in a stated choice setting: A re-examination and some controversial conclusions

Data is typically gathered from an individual respondent who represents the group or the household. This individual is often identified as the “primary decision maker” and is asked to provide responses as a proxy for the group given that the cost of interviewing each member individually is impractical and/or expensive. The collection of joint preferences is rarely undertaken, with the use of proxy responses not uncommon in travel behaviour research. Under such a framework, there exists an assumption that the primary decision maker has perfect knowledge of other group member preferences, and bargaining behaviour, and is able to synthesise this information when providing a response on their behalf. The validity of such an assumption however remains an open question, with recent research calling the reliability of proxy responses into account (Bateman and Munro, 2009). In this paper, using three models estimated in willingness to pay space, we examine the accuracy of proxy responses in a stated choice experiment. We find that there is overlap between a proxy response and the own preferences of the individual providing the proxy choice, but while the proxy responses fail to represent the full preference heterogeneity that exists in the actual choices made by individuals, the proxy responses in aggregate provide a suitable replacement for actual data, subject to a number of caveats.