教师课堂英汉语码转换的语用分析

文中以Verschueren的语言顺应论为框架,对大学英语课堂中教师语码转换进行分析。发现英语教师课堂语码转换是为了顺应语言现实、顺应教师角色及教师心理,从而实现交际意图。     

�й���ͨ���䷢չ�����о�����

本文将交通运输发展理论定义为一个国家或地区交通运输的发展机制、发展效率和发展模式选择的理论。在这个意义上，系统地回顾了国内关于中国交通发展研究的文献，并将国内的研究归为两类：一是综合交通发展理论，包括运输布局和运输系统分析，研究运输系统资源配置问题；二是运输适应性、运输演化及运输结构理论，研究运输与经济发展的关系问题。从研究的问题、理论和方法及理论发展的制度与经济背景做了分析和评价。     

区域交通枢纽与经济发展适应度研究

为促进区域交通枢纽与经济的协调发展,研究了区域交通枢纽与经济发展水平的适应度。首先,建立交通枢纽与经济交互作用下的两个子系统,然后选取交通枢纽与经济相关指标,构建适应度评价函数,进而评价交通枢纽与经济发展的适应情况。以九龙坡区为研究对象,将2008—2015 年交通枢纽与经济基础数据转化为其增长率,然后对二者综合发展水平进行了计算,根据适 应度模型对二者之间的适应度进行测算。结果显示,经济综合发展水平略大于交通枢纽发展水平,二者之间适应度经历“S”型周期波动变化过程,且适应度值整体处于0.4 以上,均未达到较强的适应状态。在未来经济发展中,交通枢纽建设有待加强,而且需占主导地位,才能引导经济 快速发展。     

基于改进的BP人工神经网络的物流需求规模预测

为了对物流需求规模进行准确预测,探讨了用于物流需求规模预测的经济指标和物流需求规模的度量指标,再应用粗糙集理论、适应度函数和BP人工神经网络理论建立了用于物流需求规模预测的模型,即改进的BP人工神经网络模型。该模型首先应用粗糙集对BP人工神经网络的输入层进行指标知识约简,以减少BP人工神经网络的复杂度,再在BP人工神经网络中引入适应度函数,以克服传统BP人工神经网络算法易陷入局部最优、训练速度较慢等缺陷,最后,将该模型应用在案例分析中。结果表明,该模型使预测精度得到很大提高;该方法为以后物流需求规模的预测提供了一种新的思路和方法。     

适应物流业需求，优化高职物流管理专业人才培养

文中针对全国和广东省物流业现状与人才需求,为促进教学、科研和人才培养质量的全面提升,提出高职物流管理专业人才培养的“五个优化”措施：优化专业设置方向;优化课程设置、课时分配和课程内容;优化素质教育人才培养过程;优化教师队伍结构;优化校企合作。     

乘用车废气旁通式涡轮增压器匹配技术

文章旨在解决使用传统方法进行匹配乘用车废气旁通式涡轮增压器涡轮匹配过程存在的不足。使用传统定压增压系统的涡轮增压器匹配方法,即将算术平均值作为计算边界,不适用于乘用车发动机增压器的匹配,特别是小排量(<1.6L)3缸发动机,低速脉冲能量大,匹配结果与实际试验结论相差较大。文章引用脉冲修正系数对涡轮等熵效率进行修正,从而使匹配结果与实际试验结果相接近,实现更准确的匹配工作。     

基于语音特征迁移学习的驾驶疲劳检测

针对现有方法在实际应用时的标记样本稀缺与测试样本数据分布偏移等问题,提出一种基于语音特征迁移学习的驾驶疲劳检测方法。通过基于迁移学习的特征空间变换,对源领域有标记样本与目标域无标记样本数据间的边缘分布、条件分布、流形结构进行联合适配及降维处理,以解决样本数据分布偏移和特征维度过高的问题。以半监督学习的方式来迭代优化目标域样本的伪标记,并据此不断更新特征变换方式和迁移分类器,进而提高疲劳检测模型的精度和泛化能力。通过实验将本文方法与现有常用的监督学习、半监督学习和迁移学习等方法进行对比。结果表明,在测试时间、应用场景和被试个体均发生变化的情况下,本文所提方法的驾驶疲劳检测效果显著优于现有方法,正确率最高达到86.7%,具有实际应用价值。     

Exploring the Knowledge Dynamics Associated with Coastal Adaptation Planning

Scientific projections for climate change induced sea-level-rise highlight current and potential future consequences for low lying coastal areas. In response considerable attention has been directed toward the task of coastal adaptation planning. Experience to date indicates that adaptation planning is more complex and contested than anticipated. We argue that this is partly due to the constrained way adaptation planning is conceptualized, whereby limited attention is directed toward understanding coastal adaptation planning as a site of complex and contested knowledge dynamics. Consequently, we use a knowledge systems perspective to explore coastal adaptation planning in order to highlight some of the knowledge exchange dynamics involved. In doing so we draw on views expressed in semi-structured interviews with a diverse range of stakeholders with an interest in coastal management in Victoria, Australia. While the focus is on coastal adaptation planning in Victoria, the insights generated are intended to contribute to broadening the way in which adaptation is conceptualized.     

高速公路隧道交通安全问题及对策分析

高速公路隧道交通事故原因复杂且具有多样性。结合隧道特点和交通事故特征,以人-车-路-环境体系为基础,多角度、多方面分析了隧道交通事故发生原因,并提出了合理的解决方案。     

Network effects of intelligent speed adaptation systems

Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) systems use in-vehicle electronic devices to enable the speed of vehicles to be regulated automatically. They are increasingly appreciated as a flexible method for speed management and control particularly in urban areas. On-road trials using a small numbers of ISA equipped vehicles have been carried out in Sweden, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK. This paper describes the developments made to enhance a traffic microsimulation model in order to represent ISA implemented across a network and the impact of this on the networks. The simulation modelling of the control system is carried out on a real-world urban network, and the impacts on traffic congestion, speed distribution and the environment assessed. The results show that ISA systems are more effective in less congested traffic conditions. Momentary high speeds in traffic are effectively suppressed, resulting in a reduction in speed variation which is likely to have a beneficial impact on safety. Whilst ISA reduces excessive traffic speeds in the network, it does not affect average journey times. In particular, the total vehicle-hours travelling at speeds below 10 km/hr have not changed, indicating that the speed control had not induced more slow-moving queues to the network. A statistically significant, eight percent, reduction in fuel consumption was found with full ISA penetration. These results are in accordance with those from field trials and they provide the basis for cost-benefit analyses on introducing ISA into the vehicle fleet. However, contrary to earlier findings from the Swedish ISA road trials, this study suggested that ISA is likely to have no significant effect on emission of gaseous pollutants CO, NO_x and HC.