结合人机工程学的船舶总体设计虚拟验证

对从二维初步设计到三维建模仿真并结合人机工程进行虚拟验证过程中涉及到的一些关键技术的研究现状和可行路线进行探讨。对船舶设计中型线数据提取,CATIA中数据导入提出了切实可行的解决方法;阐述了设备建模和装配布置研究现状,并给出了实例和合理的建议;结合人机工程学,设置虚拟机器人模型参数,进行了姿势的评价与生物力学分析,为“以人为本”的船舶设计提供新的视角,以期望为船舶设计提供有益的借鉴。     

船舶电站两机并联运行动态过程的建模与仿真

根据自动同步并车装置和调频调载装置的控制原理和实际参数,通过对两者的建模,构建了船舶电站两机并联系统的仿真模型,模拟了自动模式下并车和负荷转移分配的全动态过程,取得了与理论预期相符的仿真结果。所得结果可作为船舶电站多机并联仿真研究的一项重要补充。     

基于蚁群算法优化的EPS系统PID控制

汽车电动助力转向系统是一个非线性时变的复杂系统,在对它进行控制时,单独采用常规PID控制难以达到平稳准确的效果,在此加入蚁群算法(ACO)对其进行优化而得到稳定的最优参数解.根据车辆动力学关系,建立了两自由度整车模型、电动助力转向系统模型以及带有蚁群算法优化的PID控制器模型.通过Matlab,对该模型进行仿真分析.仿真结果表明,蚁群算法和PID控制的结合,使系统控制更精确、运行更加平稳.     

A risk appraisal system regarding the implementation of maritime regulations by a ship operator

The shipping industry operates in a regulatory framework, where the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the leading regulatory body. The role of the IMO is to propose maritime regulations to its member states. The successful worldwide implementation of a maritime regulation depends on how many member states adopt it. However, many maritime regulations are not adequately implemented worldwide. As a result, ship operators have found themselves in an uncomfortable position in developing their business in an unstable regulatory regime. This paper proposes an extendable and applicable methodology involving a System of Hierarchical Scorecards (SHS) to measure the implementation costs and benefits of a newly introduced or existing maritime regulation by ship operators. The regulators may use the results in evaluating newly introduced and/or existing regulations through taking into account the economic burden that will be generated to ship operators. In this paper, SHS is extended to demonstrate its applicability on evaluating a ship operator’s organization with regard to his regulatory implementation performance by the means of a case study.     

Managing Shoreline Change Under Increasing Sea-Level Rise in Ghana

Relative sea-level rise will affect vulnerable coastal communities globally. Quantifying this effect on the coastal environment and infrastructure provides critical information that enables coastal managers to develop sustainable mitigation and adaptation measures. Modeling applications have enabled the past, present, and future trends in shoreline morphology to be investigated in detail. Predictive numerical models depend largely on the reliability of the input data. This article reports on using the Soft Cliff and Platform Erosion (SCAPE) numerical model to simulate future shoreline evolution trend in the central Accra coast in Ghana. The model input parameters include historic shoreline recession rates, wave data, tidal data, bathymetry, beach volume, beach topography, historic relative sea-level rise rates, and the shoreline orientation. The data fed the SCAPE numerical model which simulated the emergence of soft rock shore profiles over timescale of decades to centuries, to project future positions of the central Accra shoreline for the next 100 years under different scenarios of climate change. Simulated future shoreline positions overlaid on a 2005 orthophoto map of Accra enabled vulnerable areas and infrastructure at risk to be identified. It emerged that a highly populated community in central Accra will be inundated by 2065, while the Rivera beach resort will be eroded from 2035. A natural fish landing site in Osu (suburb in Accra) will be lost from 2045. The study has demonstrated that considerable ecological, economic, social, and national losses should be expected within the next century. Shoreline change management options should be explored to help mitigate the expected impact of the sea-level rise.     

浙江LNG码头总平面布置试验研究

浙江LNG码头是我国目前最大的LNG码头之一,所处环境相对复杂,在项目设计过程中,为确定合理的码头总 平面布置方案、保证船舶安全系靠泊,采用了物理模型试验的方法,对3个不同的平面布置方案进行了比较,通过试验得出 不同方案下的船舶运动量及系缆力等参数,通过分析试验结果最终明确了合理的总平面布置方案。     

梅东浅滩围垦对水流影响的数值模拟

由于梅山本岛土地资源紧张,为了实现梅山规划区块功能,初步考虑在梅山本岛东部围垦以建设梅山通用航 空产业基地等基础设施。采用MIKE 21 HD水动力模型对梅山水道封堵前提下5个不同围垦方案实施后对梅山岛海域的流场 情况进行了数值模拟,并对比围垦实施前后潮流场变化情况,对各方案进行初步比选。从模拟结果可以看出,规划梅东围 垦工程的建设不会改变大范围整体海域的流场结构。总体而言,梅东围垦方案一围垦范围最小,受其影响的范围也相对较 小,而方案5由于未封堵扑蛇山与梅山间汊道,因此其对穿山南作业区的影响程度要小于其他各封堵汊道的方案。     

Managing port-related supply chain disruptions (PSCDs): a management model and empirical evidence

ABSTRACT

In the contemporary port business environment, port resilience is of paramount importance for supply chain continuity. A result of the increased integration of ports into supply chains is ports’ potential to supply chain disruptions. This paper introduces a PSCD management model that incorporates the application of risk management, business continuity management, and quality management theories with the purpose of increasing port resilience such that supply chain continuity is enhanced. To validate this model, primary data were collected from samples of port operators and port authorities and analyzed using structural equation modeling with AMOS 22.0. The results indicate that managing PSCD using the management model contributes positively to the identification of internal and external opportunities and through that to port’s resilience of internal operations. This, in turn, positively influences port’s financial health and market reputation. The management model has several managerial and academic implications as it offers meaningful insights on policy development as well as theory building.     

Converting mixed pedestrian flows into equivalent commuters using standard pedestrian equivalent factors

This paper develops the concept of standard pedestrian equivalent (SPE) factors for converting a mixed pedestrian flow into an equivalent commuter flow. After a comprehensive review of passenger car equivalent (PCE) methodologies, the equal total travel time method is utilised for SPE estimation. A micro-simulation approach is employed for the formulation of the total travel time–flow relationship. Field data collected on walking speed distributions for commuters and older adults in Australia are used as model inputs. An independent samples t-test confirms the significant difference between walking speeds of commuters and older adults. For this paper, a unidirectional flow on flat walkways is initially considered and evaluated across proportions of older people, different flows and different walkway widths. The introduction of older adults significantly increases total travel time especially under congested conditions. Results of this investigation can be used for evaluation or design of pedestrian facilities experiencing similar flow conditions.     

A Microscopic Simulation Model for Incident Modeling in Urban Networks

Abstract

This paper reviews the main modules of an integrated system for incident management in real-time, -sim. A core to such a system is a microscopic simulator with extended abilities to model the temporal and spatial evolution of specified non-recurrent traffic conditions. The paper reviews the mathematical formulation of the car-following and lane-changing modules. The model is validated using a simulation-based approach. Concluding comments on the general validation process of the model are provided. The paper finally presents a sample of the accident patterns replicated by the model together with their implications for real world validation.