海洋力学环境建模及其分布式仿真应用

海洋力学环境建模是飞行器分布式仿真研究中的重要一环,它为飞行器控制系统仿真提供扰动环境,其模拟精度直接关系到仿真结果的置信度。文章首先简要介绍了环境仿真节点在分布式仿真系统中作用和数据传递关系,然后基于时空离散的思想提出了一种海洋力学环境建模方案并简要描述了环境参数的初始化、可视化设置、快速检索和插值方法。该方案及其算法已成功应用于某分布式仿真系统。     

Estimating a model of dynamic activity generation based on one-day observations: Method and results

In this paper we develop and explore an approach to estimate dynamic models of activity generation on one-day travel-diary data. Dynamic models predict multi-day activity patterns of individuals taking into account dynamic needs as well as day-varying preferences and time-budgets. We formulate an ordered-logit model of dynamic activity-agenda-formation decisions and show how one-day observation probabilities can be derived from the model as a function of the model’s parameters and, with that, how parameters can be estimated using standard loglikelihood estimation. A scale parameter cannot be identified because information on within-person variability is lacking in one-day data. An application of the method to data from a national travel survey illustrates the method. A test on simulated data indicates that, given a pre-set scale, the parameters can be identified and that estimates are robust for a source of heterogeneity not captured in the model. This result indicates that dynamic activity-based models of the kind considered here can be estimated from data that are less costly to collect and that support the large sample sizes typically required for travel-demand modeling. We conclude therefore that the proposed approach opens up a way to develop large-scale dynamic activity-based models of travel demand.     

Gaussian anamorphosis extension of the DEnKF for combined state parameter estimation: Application to a 1D ocean ecosystem model

We consider the problem of combined state-parameter estimations in biased nonlinear models with non-Gaussian extensions of the Deterministic Ensemble Kalman Filter (DEnKF). We focus on the particular framework of ocean ecosystem models. Such models present important obstacles to the use of data assimilation methods based on Kalman filtering due to the non-linearity of the models, the constraints of positiveness that apply to the variables and parameters, and the non-Gaussian distribution of the variables in which they result.We present extensions of the DEnKF dealing with these difficulties by introducing a nonlinear change of variables (anamorphosis function) in order to execute the analysis step with Gaussian transformed variables and parameters. Several strategies to build the anamorphosis functions are investigated and compared within the framework of twin experiments realized in a simple 1D ocean ecosystem model. A solution to the problem of the specification of the observation error for transformed observations is suggested. The study highlights the inability of the plain DEnKF with a simple post-processing of the negative values to properly estimate parameters when constraints of positiveness apply to the variables. It goes on to show that the introduction of the Gaussian anamorphosis can remedy these assimilation biases.     

基于Google Sketchup建模与PTV Vissim仿真构建3D交通环境

该文指出:3D交通是现代城市信息化发展的产物,越来越广泛地应用于城市交通规划、交通微观仿真之中。如何高效、快速地构建3D交通环境是进行交通微观仿真的关键技术和重要载体。基于Google Sketchup建模与Vissim仿真技术,操作简单,效率高,大大降低了在构建3D交通环境工作中所花的时间和精力,从而降低工程成本,加快交通微观仿真技术的推广。     

南昌市雄溪河大桥设计

金沙大道跨雄溪河大桥主桥为三跨预应力混凝土刚架拱桥,主跨40m。介绍了雄溪河大桥的主要技术标准、结构尺寸。重点介绍了全桥整体结构的建模过程,上部结构主梁的正、斜截面抗裂验算,正截面压应力验算,斜截面主压应力验算等静力计算分析。     

基于iSIGHT的UUV优化设计平台

水下航行体(UUV)外形设计的优劣对UUV的最终性能有着举足轻重的影响。传统的设计方法是通过反复的选型-计算-修改来实现的,这种方法不但效率低下,而且由于选型范围有限,常导致得不到最优解。为解决这一问题,本文研究了UUV的参数化设计方法,并通过自编程序实现了在SolidWorks中的参数化建模。利用iSIGHT优化设计平台强大的过程集成能力和各种寻求最优参数的技术,实现了iSIGHT集成并驱动SolidWorks,Gridgen,CFX等软件并寻求最优参数的设计流程。并针对某UUV,以最小阻力为目标,利用NLPQL优化算法进行了优化设计。结果表明,本设计平台达到了实现UUV参数化设计并优化的目的,提高了设计效率。     

多领域统一建模技术在管路分析中的应用与发展

管路分析在液压(或气动)传动系统设计中占有越来越重要的位置,不但有助于液压系统中各元件的布置设计,还可以对管路中的压力分布和脉动进行分析,从而为减少液压系统中的振动、冲击和噪声。多领域统一建模技术为复杂管路的机、电、液、控耦合系统建模与分析提供了新方法,也为管路分析与设计提出了新挑战。本文首先对基于Modelica语言的多领域统一建模技术进行简述,重点综述了基于Modelica语言的多领域统一建模技术在管路分析中的应用概况,在此基础上给出了管路分析的未来发展趋势。     

主冷却剂泵变频启动的建模与仿真

主冷却剂泵在全压启动时,电机会产生很大的启动电流,而变频启动方式可以有效降低主冷却剂泵电机启动电流.本文建立了主冷却剂泵电机电磁转矩、电流数学模型,对主冷却剂泵的启动特性进行了研究.仿真结果表明,变频启动有效降低了主冷却泵电机的启动电流峰值,启动电流的峰值随着变频时间的增加而减小.     

平地机后桥齿轮的有限元仿真与失效分析

利用Pro/E软件构建了PY160平地机后桥齿轮的精确模型,并进行装配.将简化后的装配模型导入ANSYS软件中,建立起非线性接触分析的有限元模型.通过有限元分析,得出后桥输出齿轮齿根最大弯曲应力、轮齿最大接触应力和轮齿在多个啮合位置的应力分布云图,在此基础上对齿轮失效原因进行分析,结果可为齿轮的寿命预估提供参考.     

摩托车造型技术的发展概况及展望

摩托车行业造型整体情况近几年没有太大的变化,依然表现为3种格局,大型一线企业坚持自主开发或与外部专业设计机构合作开发新车型和新技术;日欧双系的合资企业则是以引进国外母公司先进车型或针对中国市场开发新车型为主;其他二三线企业则在模仿和创新之间游离摇摆,举棋不定,或跟随模仿,或追求创新。