基于参数化建模的优化设计方法

传统的线型设计方法较多地依赖母型船性能和设计者长期积累的经验。现阶段,一种新型的结合CAD参数化建模技术和CFD数值计算技术的设计方法突破了传统方法的些许限制。以一型5000TEU集装箱船为例详细阐述了该方法的首次运用。该船线型的成功研发表明基于参数化建模的设计方法有助于提升船体线型的研发能力和设计效率,同时也降低了研发人员对母型船和设计经验的依赖程度。     

Simulated responses of the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia to variations in climate and anthropogenic nutrient loading

A mathematical model was used to simulate monthly responses of the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia to variations in climate and anthropogenic nutrient loading over a 45-year period. We examined six hypothetical future scenarios that are based on observed and projected changes in the Mississippi River discharge, Mississippi River nitrate concentrations, and ambient water temperatures. In particular, we investigated the implications of a 30% decrease in the Mississippi River nitrogen flux, which was recently proposed by the Mississippi River Watershed/Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Task Force as a measure to reduce the size of the hypoxic zone. Model simulations suggest that the frequency of hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico is highly sensitive to variations in riverine nitrate flux, but also to variations in freshwater discharge and ambient water temperatures. A 30% decrease in the Mississippi River nitrate flux, for example, would reduce the frequency of hypoxia by 37%. Nevertheless, a 20% increase the Mississippi River discharge, which may occur under some climate change scenarios, would produce an increase in the frequency of hypoxia of the same magnitude. Thus, if the potential climatic variations are taken into account, a 30% decrease in the nitrogen flux of the Mississippi River may not be sufficient to accomplish the proposed hypoxia management goal.     

基于统计能量法的船舶板架结构简化建模方法研究

统计能量法是解决复杂结构高频动力学问题的主要方法之一,限于其分析特性,过于细致化的建模会引发其计算量大、计算精度低等问题。针对典型的船体板架结构,提出基于统计能量法的船体板架结构简化建模方法,并结合数值计算加以验证。根据实际需求,提出简化建模的等效原则,给出多平板的简化建模方法;通过研究给出周期加筋板的简化建模方法;提出一种双层底结构的简化建模方法,并进行误差分析。     

低碳型集装箱港区港内道路规划方案优选

合理的港内道路路网结构及交通组织是集装箱港口作业效率提升以及节能减排的重要保证。提出利用集装箱港区生产作业智能体微观交通仿真模型模拟集装箱生产作业流程,并以集装箱港口服务水平和集卡日均碳排放成本作为指标,优选低碳型集装箱港区港内道路规划方案。应用实例表明,集装箱港区生产作业智能体微观交通仿真模型可有效模拟港内作业过程,通过对比分析不同道路规划方案下的评价指标,得到最优的港内道路规划方案,为港区道路规划与设计提供参考。     

舰船工程风险演变机理和建模分析

为增强舰船工程风险管理的针对性与有效性,研究了舰船工程风险的演变机理,讨论了舰船工程中的各种风险成分及其相互关系.通过定性分析表明,随着舰船工程阶段的推移,不仅总的风险度是逐渐降低的,而且各种风险成分占总风险的比例也是不断变化的.在此基础上又通过建立数学模型的方法给出了舰船工程风险的演变模型与函数关系,并通过举例给出了风险演变和转化的趋势,进一步验证了定性分析的正确性.本文的研究成果为舰船工程风险的管理提供了理论依据.     

船用蓄电池保养装置旋盖机构的建模和运动仿真

介绍使用Pro／E与ADAMS建立船用蓄电池保养装置中旋盖机构的虚拟样机方法,建立三维模型样机并进行了运动仿真分析。分析过程中使用参数化设计方法得到适合机构运动要求的零件参数,为旋盖机构和安装平台的整体设计提供了理论依据。     

形式化可测性约束在软件模型实现过程中的研究

在软件测试中,软件使用模型反映实际运行场景的能力是直接决定测试的成功与否的关键因素之一。一般可以通过对在需求分析阶段已生成的UML建模进行研究得到使用模型,但原始的UML模型,由于缺乏严格的定义及必要的约束,如果要生成高精度的软件模型,必须对其添加必要的形式化可测性约束。这正是文章研究的重点。     

Using a random displacement model to simulate turbulent particle motion in a baroclinic frontal zone: A new implementation scheme and model performance tests

Numerical artifacts can limit accurate simulation of turbulent particle motion when Lagrangian particle-tracking models are implemented in hydrodynamic models with stratified conditions like fronts. Yet, modeling of individual particle motion in frontal regions is critical for understanding sediment dynamics as well as the transport and retention of planktonic organisms. The objective of this research was to develop a numerical technique to accurately simulate turbulent particle motions in a particle-tracking model embedded within a hydrodynamic model of a frontal zone. A new interpolation scheme, the ‘water column profile’ scheme, was developed and used to implement a random displacement model for turbulent particle motions. A new interpolation scheme was necessary because linear interpolation schemes caused artificial aggregation of particles where abrupt changes in vertical diffusivity occurred. The new ‘water column profile’ scheme was used to fit a continuous function (a tension spline) to a smoothed profile of vertical diffusivities at the x–y particle location. The new implementation scheme was checked for artifacts and compared with a standard random walk model using (1) Well Mixed Condition tests, and (2) dye-release experiments. The Well Mixed Condition tests confirmed that the use of the ‘water column profile’ interpolation scheme for implementing the random displacement model significantly reduced numerical artifacts. In dye-release experiments, high concentrations of Eulerian tracer and Lagrangian particles were released at the same location up-estuary of the salt front and tracked for 4 days. After small differences in initial dispersal rates, tracer and particle distributions remained highly correlated (r = 0.84 to 0.99) when a random displacement model was implemented in the particle-tracking model. In contrast, correlation coefficients were substantially lower (r = 0.07 to 0.58) when a random walk model was implemented. In general, model performance tests indicated that the ‘water column interpolation’ scheme was an effective technique for implementing a random displacement model within a hydrodynamic model, and both could be used to accurately simulate diffusion in a highly baroclinic frontal region. The new implementation scheme has the potential to be a useful tool for investigating the influence of hydrodynamic variability on the transport of sediment particles and planktonic organisms in frontal zones.     

冰载荷下的船舶运动建模

随着极地航道的开辟以及极地海洋能源开发的需要,海冰与船体的相互作用以及极地船舶航行与作业安全越来越受到关注。本文主要针对破冰过程的几个典型阶段,对冰载荷对船舶的作用力进行了分析与计算,并考察了破冰船在不同的海冰密集度、冰厚以及船舶不同航速情况下的不同影响。     

基于任务需要的海警大型舰艇基本需求建模与分析

以线性和非线性需求结合方式建立了以满足任务需要为条件的海警大型舰艇基本需求组合模型,预测计算了多个样本国海警大型舰艇基本需求数,结果表明该模型有一定的实用性.据此对中国海警大型舰艇基本需求进行预测,预测结果可对中国海警大型舰艇发展规划提供参考.