含蜡热油管道结蜡厚度计算

结蜡是影响热油管道安全、经济运行的重要因素。管线结蜡厚度可以根据管道的运行参数反算,文中为此设计了计算模型,可以准确快捷地计算出管道的结蜡厚度,为管道的安全、经济运行提供了依据。     

城市排水管道缺陷检测方法及发展现状探析

城市排水管道检测对整个城市的排水效果有直接影响,为了保证城市排水管道能够实现顺利排水就需要采取科学方法来进行检测。本文以福州市连坂片区排水管网改扩建工程为背景,对城市排水管道的传统检测法和现代检测法中潜望镜、CCTV、声呐、激光和电法检测的优缺点进行对比分析,并对现代检测法中CCTV、声呐和激光检测发展与研究现状进行总结,最后对排水管网改扩建工程前期排水管道检测效果进行综合评价。     

改进的螺栓紧固夹具在输气管道缺陷修复中的应用

根据管道内检测与完整性评价报告,某输气管道存在6处本体缺陷需进行修复。为满足不停输修复的要求,在分析钢质环氧套筒、螺栓紧固夹具等常见管道缺陷修复方式特点的基础上,对螺栓紧固夹修复技术提出改进,实现了不停输状态下的管道本体缺陷的修复。结合改进后螺栓紧固夹具的现场实际应用,进一步研究了该修复方式的优缺点,对管道本体缺陷修复技术选择与应用具有参考意义。     

管道更新掘进机关键技术研究与应用

为解决城市地下管道更新、扩容面临的原位非开挖技术难题，设计、研发机械化非开挖管道更新掘进机，对开挖舱压力平衡系统、管道保通环流系统、整机集约化设计等关键技术进行研究，并成功应用于管道更新试验段工程项目。通过分析试验数据，构建实际顶推力模型，得到刀盘转速、推进速度、刀盘切削阻力等设备配置参数。实际掘进效果表明： 该非开挖管道更新掘进机能够有效解决大直径钢筋混凝土管道原位破挖更新、管道清淤、管道保通等技术难题； 设备月进尺达150~450 m，保通流量为500 m3/h左右，开挖舱压力大部分时间在50~80 kPa浮动，沉降控制在4 mm以内，实现了钢筋混凝土旧管道原位破挖和新管道同步敷设一次施工成型，提高了城市管道更新施工的自动化水平，为老旧城区机械化非开挖管道更新提供了新的工法借鉴。     

海底振动管道局部泥沙冲刷数值研究

文章基于迎风有限元方法,对流动方程和泥沙输运方程进行求解,建立起振动管道与泥沙冲刷的耦合运动模型。模型中通过SST k-ω湍流模型对湍流效应进行模拟;管道振动和海床变形引起的不确定边界通过ALE方法进行实时追踪;模型考虑了悬移质输沙率以及推移质输沙率对底床变形的影响作用。数值模型首先与其他已发表的数据进行了比较,表明文章所建立的振动管道局部冲刷程序能够对冲刷深度进行较为准确地预测。文章利用所建数值模型进一步对海底振动管道局部冲刷问题开展了数值研究。相关数值分析结果表明:相对于固定管道的情况,管道振动对局部冲刷有较大的影响作用,管道的振动使管道局部最大冲刷深度增大,管道后方冲刷范围变宽,最大冲刷深度位置后移。     

基于总压头相等的管道设计

输油管道有静压头相等设计和总压头相等设计两种设计理念。通过图形对比,直观展现了总压头相等设计相对于静压头相等设计的优势,通过假定地形参数和设计参数,运用管道设计计算公式和计算流程,计算静压头相等和总压头相等这两种管道设计理念的管线投资和抗风险能力,结果表明总压头相等设计理念在钢材使用与固定资产投资上具有优势,表明了这种设计的管道运行安全系数高、运行操作简单、可操作范围大、抗风险能力强等优点。     

成品油管道顺序输送中混油的研究

文中针对成品油顺序输送工艺特点,重点介绍了混油产生的机理,对影响混油量的各种因素进行了详细分析,介绍了混油量计算公式、顺序输送过程中减少混油量措施以及混油的处理。以滨州-东营港成品油管道为例,对顺序输送所产生的混油量进行分析计算。     

Efficient methods to mitigate SCR-induced walking of short subsea flowlines

Steel catenary riser is a long-established option for subsea projects in deep-water regions. Sustained pulling force of steel catenary risers on subsea flowlines in combination with cyclic thermal load throughout the system lifetime may lead to progressive global axial displacement of subsea pipelines which has been termed as ‘walking’. One of the challenges in the deep-water industry is long-term walking of subsea flowlines in a cumulative manner. Common practice methods for walking mitigation are quite expensive operations. State-of-the-art mitigation strategies are proposed in the paper by means of modifying pipe pieces before the installation operation. Bowed pipe pieces and miter joints are two recommended approaches for walking mitigation. The presented mitigation strategies are relatively cost-effective solutions for the pipe-walking challenge and they are able to considerably cease the potential cyclic walking. Comprehensive FE analyses in ABAQUS software are performed to evaluate the proposed deformed pipelines response subject to two loading conditions. Through-life integrity of the suggested pre-deformed pipeline is assessed in terms of effective axial force, local buckles and excessive axial strains. A comparison of the presented method with conventional techniques shows the effectiveness of the proposed configuration. The proposed methods can significantly reduce effective axial force throughout the subsea pipeline by means of artificially introduced deformations. The cumulative walking of the presented method is practically zero. In addition, the influence of combined triggering mechanisms to the walking phenomenon is assessed when the pipeline is located on a sloping seabed and it is subject to non-uniform thermal loads. A parametric study is performed to improve confidence in design and provide a reasonably practical technique with an optimal shape.     

基坑开挖引起旁侧运营隧道三维变形特性研究北大核心

针对基坑开挖对旁侧隧道的影响问题,建立考虑土体小应变刚度特性的三维有限元数值模型,系统研究了软黏土地层基坑-隧道相互作用机理,分析了隧道埋深和隧道与基坑水平间距对隧道三维变形的影响规律。结果表明:新建基坑在运营隧道旁侧施工时,隧道拱顶和基坑侧拱腰的变形最大;当隧道埋深与直径之比从0.5增至2.5时,隧道的最大竖向位移和最大水平位移降幅分别为69%和34%;当隧道与基坑水平间距与直径之比从0.5增至2.5时,隧道的最大竖向位移和最大水平位移降幅分别为46%和21%;基坑施工时应选择合适的避让距离,降低新建基坑施工对运营隧道的不利影响。     

Analytical study on controlled lateral thermal buckling of antisymmetric mode for subsea pipelines triggered by sleepers

Subsea pipelines exposed to high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) conditions is susceptible to lateral buckling. In order to control lateral buckling, engineered buckle initiators, such as sleepers, are introduced to initiate planned lateral buckles along the pipeline at specific locations in order to ensure that the stress in each lateral buckle remains acceptable. In this study, taking the interaction of adjacent buckles into account, analytical solutions of antisymmetric lateral buckling mode triggered by sleepers are derived. With the proposed formulations, the method to obtain the accurate locations of lateral displacement amplitude and maxima of bending stress is presented and discussed. And a detailed comparison between symmetric and antisymmetric mode of lateral buckling triggered by single sleeper is presented. Moreover, the influence of the sleeper spacing on controlled lateral buckling behaviour with the consideration of axial interaction between adjacent buckles is conducted. Finally, a detailed analysis about the influence of the sleeper height, lateral frictional coefficient and submerged weight of the pipeline on the controlled post-buckling behaviour is presented. Our results show that, for smaller sleeper friction or smaller sleeper height, the symmetric mode is more likely to happen, while the antisymmetric mode is prone to occur for larger sleeper friction and larger sleeper height. One effective method to reduce displacement amplitude and maximum stress is to decrease the sleeper spacing. The minimum critical temperature difference decreases with increasing sleeper height and increases with increasing lateral friction coefficient or submerged weight of the pipeline. And an alternative way to reduce the maximum stress is to reduce the lateral friction coefficient or submerged weight of the pipeline even though the displacement amplitude increases.