基于模糊聚类和识别的出租车合乘算法研究

针对目前部分大城市出租车合乘效果差,合乘效率低等现状,本文采用模糊聚 类和模糊识别方法,研究出租车行驶路线模糊聚类,并利用行驶路线、行驶时间和合乘人 数创建隶属函数,实现合乘乘客与出租车的合乘模糊识别.通过随机生成的多组出租车出 行和合乘乘客样本数据,发现在假定的出租车合乘条件下,出租车样本数量决定了合乘 的成功率,但同时也发现,在合乘人数固定的情况下,无限制的增加出租车样本数量会增 加合乘乘客的搭载成功率,平均每辆合乘出租车的收入并不会随着样本数量的增大而增 大,而是趋于稳定值.仿真结果说明,该算法适合于大样本的出租车合乘问题,是一种可以 提高出租车合乘成功率的有效方法.     

基于时空聚类算法的轨迹停驻点识别研究

利用手机等智能移动终端获取个体出行GPS轨迹数据,提出了一种新的时空聚类算法AT-DBSCAN识别轨迹中的停驻点.该方法以固定长度的滑窗搜索核心点,以时空邻近条件定义簇间距离,以簇密度大小规定合并次序.提出了出行次数一致性、出行起止时刻误差、停驻点时长误差、停驻点中心偏移距离4个算法验证指标,弥补了传统查全率、查准率等忽略停驻点时空信息准确性的不足.结果表明,识别的停驻点有98%的位置误差在30m以内,100%的时长误差在5min以内,98%的出行起止时刻误差在5min以内.此外,算法对于室内活动、定位飘移、路径重合程度高等复杂轨迹具有较好的泛化能力.     

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随着交通信息化的快速发展,可供分析的交通流数据量越来越大,如何利用大规模交通流数据进行交通预测分析是智能交通的重要研究内容.为解决大规模交通流数据预测问题,本文提出了一种基于分层抽样与k均值聚类相结合的抽样方法,并与基于序贯最小优化方法的支持向量机结合,进行大规模交通流预测.实例分析结果表明,本文提出的聚类方法比现有抽样方法的抽样质量有所提高,基于序贯最小优化方法的支持向量机可有效提高交通流预测的精度.因此,本文提出的方法对于大规模交通流预测是有效的.     

聚类分析在商用车销售客户细分中的应用

选取了某商用车公司的部分销售数据,在SQL Server 2008中对数据进行了预处理,利用经典的K-means算法对其进行了聚类分析,按客户购买车的种类和地区进行细分,细分结果对于该公司制定有针对性的销售方案有着一定的参考价值。     

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无线传感网是采集实时交通信息的重要工具.因其节点能量有限,必须设计高能效的分簇路由算法以延长网络周期.本文通过建立一种智能交通中无线传感器网络的应用模型,根据其特点和要求分析LEACH协议的优缺点并提出一种能量负载均衡的分簇算法.该算法对LEACH协议当中的簇首机制进行改进,综合考虑候选节点的剩余能量和簇首节点的分布位置;建立簇间多跳路由机制以避免单跳通信的大能量消耗;创造一种簇重构方法,避免过于频繁的簇重构引起的不必要能量消耗.仿真结果表明,能量均衡算法可有效平衡节点能量消耗分布,延长网络生命周期,可很好的应用于基于WSN的ITS当中.     

A hybrid Bayesian Network approach to detect driver cognitive distraction

Driver cognitive distraction (e.g., hand-free cell phone conversation) can lead to unapparent, but detrimental, impairment to driving safety. Detecting cognitive distraction represents an important function for driver distraction mitigation systems. We developed a layered algorithm that integrated two data mining methods—Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) and supervised clustering—to detect cognitive distraction using eye movement and driving performance measures. In this study, the algorithm was trained and tested with the data collected in a simulator-based study, where drivers drove either with or without an auditory secondary task. We calculated 19 distraction indicators and defined cognitive distraction using the experimental condition (i.e., “distraction” as in the drives with the secondary task, and “no distraction” as in the drives without the secondary task). We compared the layered algorithm with previously developed DBN and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. The results showed that the layered algorithm achieved comparable prediction performance as the two alternatives. Nonetheless, the layered algorithm shortened training and prediction time compared to the original DBN because supervised clustering improved computational efficiency by reducing the number of inputs for DBNs. Moreover, the supervised clustering of the layered algorithm revealed rich information on the relationship between driver cognitive state and performance. This study demonstrates that the layered algorithm can capitalize on the best attributes of component data mining methods and can identify human cognitive state efficiently. The study also shows the value in considering the supervised clustering method as an approach to feature reduction in data mining applications.     

基于模糊聚类理论的TBM施工围岩可掘进性分级预测模型

文章针对硬岩掘进机(TBM)在复杂地质条件下的可掘进性,进行了系统及定量的研究;基于模糊聚类理论和施工样本数据分析,建立了以掘进速率为分级指标,包括岩石单轴抗压强度、岩石完整性系数、围岩结构面与隧道轴线夹角和渗水量四项性质指标的可掘进性分级预测模型,将TBM施工围岩可掘进性分为好、一般和差三个性能等级;并在此基础上进一步细化模型粒度,以提高模型的精度和地质适用性。将所建模型应用于西秦岭隧道和大伙房水库输水隧洞工程实际工程效果表明,TBM掘进速率与由模型预测的掘进速率基本相吻合,验证了掘进性分级预测模型的可行性、科学性和有效性,进而对TBM的选型、设计和施工提供了重要的理论依据。     

边坡监测中FCM聚类算法的应用研究

利用模糊聚类分析方法将边坡进行安全等级分类,在提高变形监测效率的基础上可降低工作量。FCM聚类分析算法更具科学性,是理论最为完善且应用较多的算法。利用边坡的坡角、高度、边坡所处的水文地质条件作为影响边坡稳定的影响指标,来对边坡监测点的安全等级分类,从而降低工作量,提高工作效率。     

Outlier mining based abnormal machine detection in intelligent maintenance

Assessing machine’s performance through comparing the same or similar machines is important to implement intelligent maintenance for swarm machine. In this paper, an outlier mining based abnormal machine detection algorithm is proposed for this purpose. Firstly, the outlier mining based on clustering is introduced and the definition of cluster-based global outlier factor (CBGOF) is presented. Then the modified swarm intelligence clustering(MSIC) algorithm is suggested and the outlier mining algorithm based on MSIC is proposed. The algorithm can not only cluster machines according to their performance but also detect possible abnormal machines. Finally, a comparison of mobile soccer robots’ performance proves the algorithm is feasible and effective.     

基于居民出行需求的城市公共交通运营水平综合评价

分析影响城市公共交通运营水平的因素,在充分考虑居民出行需求的基础上,遵循科学性、合理性、客观性、完备性的原则,结合兰州市城市交通实际,建立城市公共交通运营水平的评价指标体系。运用灰色聚类分析法,构建城市公共交通运营水平评价的层次结构,建立综合评价数学模型,对兰州市公共交通运营水平纵向进行全面评价。