天兴洲公铁分建40 m简支梁桥客运线上高速列车脱轨控制研究

基于高速列车-桥梁时变系统空间振动分析模型,采用弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的“对号入座”法则,建立此系统空间振动方程。运用列车脱轨能量随机分析理论,对天兴洲公铁分建40 m简支梁桥客运线上高速列车在设计车速以内是否脱轨及在不脱轨条件下高速列车走行舒适性进行分析。研究结果表明:该桥上高速列车在300km/h车速以内运行时不会脱轨;高速列车走行舒适性均在良好标准以上;该桥竖向振动加速度满足要求。     

铁路客车试验模态参数应用分析

运用在振动试验台上和运行工况下模态试验辨识出的几种铁路客车的模态参数,采用综合性能研究方法,以模态参数为基础,分析了各型客车运行性能差异的原因,并提出了完善和改进客车振动性能的措施。     

低空气湿度对空调车厢热舒适性的影响

分析了轨道交通车辆车厢内空气湿度及温度变化时对PMV值的影响.还给出了PMV-PPD的计算结果,结果表示当车厢空气温度范围是16～20 ℃时,湿度的降低,使热舒适性差;21～25 ℃时对热舒适性影响不大,冬季一般控制在18 ℃左右,在不能提高车厢内温度的前提下,建议增加空气加湿设备以提高车厢内的热舒适性.     

山区高速公路沿线桥梁的总体规划及选型

百色至靖西高速公路是一条典型山区高速公路,具有桥隧比例高、地形地质复杂等特点,为在该线路上合理地布设桥梁,首先确定单工点桥梁的基本原则,再对布设桥梁遇到的一些特殊情况,如路线跨越较薄山脊的情况、地质条件好的"V"形山谷是否设桥、岩溶不良地质条件下桥跨选择、斜桥的布置以及同一施工标段内桥跨的统一等情况,充分综合分析了桥梁前、后的路线整体条件来布设桥梁,这样布设桥梁不仅确保了桥梁的结构安全性、满足行车舒适性的要求、也达到了施工便利、降低工程造价的目的。     

汽车平顺性计算程序设计

文章基于理论力学中的力学理论,建立了以悬架、轮胎为主体的分析平顺性的半车动力学模型。将此动力学模型转换成为易于求解分析的传递函数和状态空间形式的数学模型,并建立一定的道路模型,得到接近真实状态的汽车平顺性响应。在GUI界面下利用Matlab中的相关函数建立所求得的数学模型,实现对平顺性各响应相关量的求解。结果表明:本次程序设计方案是合理的、可行的。     

和谐HX_D1型大功率交流电力机车通风系统

介绍HXD1型大功率交流电力机车的通风方式,分析其通风系统的主要技术特点,并对其风量的控制、室内空气洁净度的控制、板翅式复合散热器的应用、电气屏柜的特点和空调系统舒适性的控制进行了说明。     

A dummy for the objective ride comfort evaluation of ground vehicles

A new device for an objective evaluation of ground vehicle ride comfort is presented. In this study, the ride comfort (frequency range 0–30 Hz) has been referred to the acceleration acting along the vertical axis (subject spine) and to the longitudinal acceleration (acting at the subject shoulders). Based on the experimental measurements of such accelerations on different human subjects seated on a car seat, a proper mechanical/mathematical model of the seat+subject has been derived. The derivation of the model has been performed by minimising the error between the measured and the computed accelerations. A prototype of the derived mechanical model has been actually built. Particular attention has been devoted to the construction of the springs, of the moving members and of the magnetic damper. All of the device parameters (mass, stiffness, damping) can be easily tuned. Finally, an experimental validation of the device has been performed. The device, while seated with the same posture of the corresponding human subject is able to reproduce (with reasonable accuracy) both the acceleration along the subject spine and the acceleration at the subject shoulders.     

基于状态空间法的四分之一车辆模型分析

悬架系统是车辆行驶系统中的一个重要组成部分,主要用于吸收和缓冲车辆行驶过程中来自车轮和路面接触产生的振动,车辆行驶的平顺性主要靠悬架系统来保证。本文采用两自由度四分之一车辆模型对悬架系统动力学模型进行建模,结合状态空间分析法分析不同悬架等效刚度和阻尼、不同轮胎等效刚度、不同车辆载重等情况下对车辆行驶平顺性的影响,为悬架的优化设计提供参考。     

热泵技术在船舶领域的应用

介绍了船用水源热泵系统的设计思路、设计方法 ,以及具体的设计方案。评价了水源热泵系统优点。依托某两型客船的研究、设计与建造,从船型需求入手,通过了解这两型客船的营运区域、舒适度要求等,并从设计原理、控制逻辑、供热系统等几个方面展开了设计。同时对比同型船常规供热系统的设计方案,分析比较节能效果,确定了最合适的节能系统。     

Pareto optimisation of railway bogie suspension damping to enhance safety and comfort

This paper presents the optimisation of damping characteristics in bogie suspensions using a multi-objective optimisation methodology. The damping is investigated and optimised in terms of the resulting performances of a railway vehicle with respect to safety, comfort and wear considerations. A complete multi-body system model describing the railway vehicle dynamics is implemented in commercial software Gensys and used in the optimisation. In complementary optimisation analyses, a reduced and linearised model describing the bogie system dynamics is also utilised. Pareto fronts with respect to safety, comfort and wear objectives are obtained, showing the trade-off behaviour between the objectives. Such trade-off curves are of importance, especially in the design of damping functional components. The results demonstrate that the developed methodology can successfully be used for multi-objective investigations of a railway vehicle within models of different levels of complexity. By introducing optimised passive damping elements in the bogie suspensions, both safety and comfort are improved. In particular, it is noted that the use of optimised passive damping elements can allow for higher train speeds. Finally, adaptive strategies for switching damping parameters with respect to different ride conditions are outlined and discussed.