改善乘坐舒适度的措施

介绍了为改善下一代新干线车辆的乘坐舒适度所采取的措施,包括改善转向架技术参数、采用新型振动控制系统以及新型车体倾摆控制系统等。以上措施可以改善车辆在直线上和曲线上运行时的横向和垂向乘坐舒适度。     

不同截止频率下轨道不平顺对车辆垂向振动的影响

为研究地铁车辆在不同波长不平顺轨道上的乘坐舒适性,通过模拟轨道不平顺的时域样本,分析了不同截止频率下轨道不平顺样本对车辆垂向振动的影响,得出了轨道不平顺频率或波长对地铁车辆运行舒适性的影响及规律.结果表明,从抑制车体垂向振动的角度出发,应严格控制10 m～30 m波长的轨道不平顺.     

操控状态下的驾驶员坐姿参数评价方法研究

通过对比不同百分位驾驶员人体模型的操控舒适性,基于模糊综合评价原理,建立了驾驶员操控舒适性二级模糊综合评价模型;实现了对车辆内部布置舒适性的评价,并以跨坐式单轨车辆为例验证了其适用性.     

高速铁路轨道动态质量管理方法

从线路几何尺寸异常突变和乘坐舒适度的要求更高等方面出发,分析高速铁路轨道动态质量管理面临的新问题;从检测数据对比、添乘检查确认和实时监控方面论述线路变化监控分析。针对高速铁路行车舒适度管理,提出建立高速铁路轮轨一体化轨道动态管理机制、加强轮轨关系不良分析和岔区轮轨不良分析措施;针对线路病害,提出加强线路几何尺寸不良与道床病害整治、道岔及线路钢轨修理措施,以期为我国高速铁路线路动态质量管理提供借鉴。     

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为了定量地研究大型枢纽机场的地面交通组织系统，首先阐明了单独研究机场可达性的意义，提出了使用通达成本来描述机场可达性的新的方法，从而用化为货币形式的成本来衡量可达性。主要从快捷性，经济性和舒适性三方面来计算成本。为了量化抽象的舒适性，提出了通过“旅行者的疲劳恢复时间”来间接转化的方法。最后按照人群，地区的划分计算总通达成本加权平均。在数据的处理上，提出了使用Logit模型对两个重要参数进行标定和校正。最后，给出了几个简化算例，重点对上海浦东国际机场进行了可达性评价，然后简要地将其与其他两个国际机场进行了横向比较。结果表明：舒适性是一项不可忽略的可达性衡量指标。我国机场的可达性较国外有待提高。     

简支梁桥上拱度对高速行车舒适性影响研究

中小跨径的PC简支梁桥过度上拱现象经常出现对行车舒适性产生了不利的影响.基于1/4汽车模型,采用常量力移动荷载模型模拟桥梁振动,以及半正弦曲线模拟桥梁上拱后所形成的桥面纵坡曲线,分别建立了由桥梁振动和桥梁上拱引起的车辆振动响应方程,分析比较了以上2种情况对车辆振动的影响.得出桥梁振动相对于上拱度对车辆振动的影响很小的结论.     

Evaluating bus transit performance of Chinese cities: Developing an overall bus comfort model

In order to improve the level of bus service, a field study was undertaken to develop a combined bus comfort model. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the different ways to predict the bus comfort, in addition to the variable experimental techniques used. It was found some environment parameters like noise, vibration, thermal comfort and the acceleration would affect the passengers’ experience. In this model, both the measurement of objective physical parameters and subjective questionnaire survey were conducted to gather the practical environment date, as well as to distribute questionnaires on board city buses during the same trips. By comparing the subjective views of bus passengers to objective physical parameters, a combined bus comfort model was established. This model helps to calculate the concrete value of passengers’ perceived bus comfort. An effective approach integrated the comfort model, measuring instrument and the driver monitor could greatly improve the bus service quality.     

Stability and performance analysis of a full-train system with inerters

This paper discusses the use of inerters to improve the stability and performance of a full-train system. First, we construct a 28 degree-of-freedom train model in AutoSim, and obtain a linearised model for analysis in Matlab. Then, the benefits of inerters are investigated by the critical speed, settling time and passenger comfort. In addition, we apply a new mechatronic network for further performance improvement, and synthesise the optimal electrical circuit for experimental verification. From the results, inerters are shown to be effective in improving the stability and performance of train systems.     

New insights from fractional order skyhook damping control for railway vehicles

Active suspensions for railway vehicles have been a topic of research for a number of decades and while their applications in service operation are limited, it seems clear that they will in due course see widespread adoption. Railway suspension design is a problem of compromise on the non-trivial trade-off of ride quality versus track following (guidance), and the skyhook damping control approach has been paramount in illustrating the potential benefits. Since skyhook damping control, various advanced control studies appeared contributing to redefine the boundaries of the aforementioned trade-off. Yet there is no study on the impact of fractional order (FO) methods in the context of skyhook railway active suspensions and in particular related to skyhook damping control. This is the area to which this paper strongly contributes. We present findings from a current project on FO controllers for railway vehicles active suspensions, in particular work on the effect of FO methods in basic skyhook damping control schemes, i.e. pure and intuitively based skyhook. First, we present a brief review of conventional skyhook damping control and then proceed to a rigorous investigation of the impact of FO on the ride quality/track following trade-off. The relevant benefits from FO methods are appraised and new insights highlighted.     

Assessment of wheel loader vibration on the riding comfort according to ISO standards

Vibration accelerations were measured on a compact wheel loader during 11 operations with two drivers and with/without the activated boom suspension system (BSS). Two standards, ISO 2631-1 (1985) and ISO 2631-1 (1997), were used to assess the effect of wheel loader vibration on comfort. The assessment results of ISO 2631-1 (1985) showed that vibration in the frequency range from 4 to 20 Hz in the vertical direction and in the frequency range from 1.6 to 3.15 Hz in the vertical and driving directions plays an important role in comfort assessment. The overall total values of vibration measured on the wheel loader in all operations exceeded the ‘uncomfortable’ boundary specified in ISO 2631-1 (1997). The speed had a larger influence on the vibration intensity than the bucket load, the BSS or the driver biodynamic response during driving. During driving and V-cycle, the difference of vibration intensity with two drivers in the z-direction is larger than that in the x- and y-direction.