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旅客列车空调硬座车厢内热舒适性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
空调车内气流组织研究是车厢内环境控制的基础,合理的气流组织可有效地改善乘客的热舒适性。采用k-ε湍流模型,对载客车厢内三维空气流场和温度场进行了数值计算,在此基础上利用PMV(Predicted Mean Vote)指标分析了车厢内人体热舒适性。计算结果表明:在现有的条缝送风条件下,除车厢中部和两端外,车厢内气流分布比较均匀;由于回风口位于车厢两端,车厢中部和端部PMV分布不同,端部人体热舒适感较好,中部较差;座位区由于人员集中和受太阳照射的影响,温度较高,PMV值偏大;过道区温度适中,人体热舒适感较好。研究结果对空调车内气流组织优化设计和改善人体热舒适环境有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(7):1103-1120
Carbody tilting is today a mature and inexpensive technology that permits higher train speeds in horizontal curves, thus shortening travel time. However, tilting trains run a greater risk of causing motion sickness than non-tilting ones. It is likely that the difference in motions between the two train types contributes to the observed difference in risk of motion sickness. Decreasing the risk of motion sickness has until now been equal to increasing the discomfort related to quasi-static lateral acceleration. But, there is a difference in time perception between discomfort caused by quasi-static quantities and motion sickness, which opens up for new solutions. One proposed strategy is to let the local track conditions influence the tilt and give each curve its own optimised tilt angle. This is made possible by new tilt algorithms, storing track data and using a positioning system to select the appropriate data. The present paper reports from on-track tests involving more than 100 test subjects onboard a tilting train. A technical approach is taken evaluating the effectiveness of the new tilt algorithms and the different requirements on quasi-static lateral acceleration and lateral jerk in relative terms. The evaluation verifies that the rms values important for motion sickness can be influenced without changing the requirements on quasi-static lateral acceleration and lateral jerk. The evaluation shows that reduced quantities of motions assumed to have a relation to motion sickness also lead to a reduction in experienced motion sickness. However, a limitation of applicability is found as the lowest risk of motion sickness was not recorded for the test case with motions closest to those of a non-tilting train. An optimal level of tilt, different from no tilt at all, is obtained. This non-linear relation has been observed by other researchers in laboratory tests. 相似文献
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如何在快速路设计中贯彻安全、低碳、节能、环保的新理念,实现交通效率与安全、交通效率与资源的最佳整合目标,天津市市政工程设计研究院与同济大学合作开展了"城市快速路系统设计关键技术研究",依托天津市快速路工程,对城市快速路通行能力、交通设计、交通安全设计等关键技术进行了系统研究及成果集成。这里重点介绍课题的主要内容和研究结论供同行参考。 相似文献
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